And without touching anything, the system works again without problem - LVM starts (on command line and mini-LVM), the drive is recognized, etc.
This is far fetched, but this problem could it have a relationship with NetDrive? I noticed that it happened when my DHCP did not get an address, but when it does get one, then there is no problem. Either that is a pure coincidence, or there is something in the network that messes up the LVM, and I can only see NetDrive as a culprit..