Dave's suggestion about ArcaOS maintenance mode is a good one, and on older versions of OS/2 you can achieve similar results by booting with the original installation disk(s) and then just pressing [F3] when you get to the Installation Screen.
That will give you a command prompt from where you can run: c:\os2\tedit.exe c:\config.sys
You don't mention what version of OS/2 you're using so whilst I have an up-to-date licence for ArcaOS I haven't actually used it that much! I have more experience with OS/2 2.1, 3, and 4.
Dave rightly mentions network drivers so if you're using pre-ArcaOS you can resolve that by pressing [Enter] when it bleats about loading the drivers, then drop to an OS/2 Command Prompt, then "cd ibmcom" followed by either "laps.exe" or "mpts.exe" (depending on your OS/2 version").
From within LAPS or MPTS you can then remove all protocols and the old network adapter (you can't remove the adapter without first removing the attached protocols), then simply add your new adapter and the same protocols again. Exit LAPS/MPTS and reboot.
TCP/IP configuration information such as IP address and DNS servers is held outside LAPS/MPTS so you won't need to re-enter those.