OS/2 Warp 3 Documentation: Difference between revisions

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For more information about using the Master Help Index, review the OS/2 Tutorial.
For more information about using the Master Help Index, review the OS/2 Tutorial.
==Part 4 - Troubleshooting 204/1==
===Solving Installation Problems 205/1+===
This chapter provides information to help you solve problems you might encounter while installing OS/2*.  It includes information about what to do if you have problems, plus specific instructions for recovering from error messages or problems with installation diskettes, screens, or CD-ROMs.
Use the table of contents at the beginning of this chapter to locate the information dealing with a particular problem.
===What to Do If You Have Problems 206/2===
Installation of OS/2 is generally a straightforward process and, in most cases, you will not experience problems.  However, if you do encounter a problem during installation, do the following:
#Read through this chapter to see if the problem you are experiencing is documented.
#If you received an error message (or error number), locate the message in this chapter and perform the suggested actions to resolve the problem.
#If your problem is not addressed in this section, refer to the Service and Support brochure in your OS/2 package for instructions on how to get additional assistance.
When you report your problem make sure you include the following information:
*The brand and model of the equipment you are using
*The error message or number, if any, that appeared on your screen
*The number of the installation diskette you were using when the problem occurred
*The number for your fax machine, or the number of a fax machine to which you have access
===Editing the CONFIG.SYS File on Diskette 1 207/2===
A CONFIG.SYS file contains lines of instructions that control how your computer starts up and how it works with the devices you have attached to it.
Diskette 1, which comes with OS/2, contains a CONFIG.SYS file. The file is added to your root directory during installation.  There might be instances in which you will be instructed in this chapter to edit your CONFIG.SYS file in order to add a statement, "remark out" a line, or modify an existing line in the file.
If you need to alter the CONFIG.SYS file before you install OS/2, you will need to make the changes to the CONFIG.SYS file on Diskette 1.
Note:  If the CONFIG.SYS file is changed incorrectly, you might not be able to
restart your computer.  Be careful when editing the file.
To edit the CONFIG.SYS file that is on Diskette 1, use an ASCII text editor.
If you do not have a text editor installed on your computer, use the editor that comes on the OS/2 installation diskettes. Follow these steps:
  1. Insert the Installation Diskette into drive A.
  2. Turn on your computer.  If your computer is already on, press Ctrl+Alt+Del
      to restart it.
  3. When you are prompted to do so, remove the Installation Diskette and
      insert Diskette 1.
  4. When the Welcome to OS/2! screen appears, press F3 to display the command
      prompt.
  5. At the command prompt, type TEDIT CONFIG.SYS and press Enter. The file
      will appear on your screen, and you can make any changes or additions to
      it.  (Press F1 if you need help using the editor.)
  6. When you are done working on the file, press F2 to save it.
  7. Press F4 to quit the editor.
===Installation Error Messages 208/2===
If you receive one of the following error messages on your screen while installing OS/2, try to resolve the problem with the suggested action.
Only some files were copied.  You may be out of disk space.
Explanation:  The installation program stopped transferring files because there
              was not enough hard disk space available.
Action:      Move non-OS/2 operating system files out of the installation
              partition.  You can store these files in another partition or on
              a diskette.  If you intend to format the installation partition,
              remember to first use the BACKUP command to save any important
              files.
An error occurred when System Installation tried to copy a file.
Explanation 1: The installation diskette might contain errors.
Action:      Request a replacement diskette from your place of purchase.
Explanation 2: The installation program stopped transferring files because
              there was not enough hard disk space available.
Action:      Move non-OS/2 operating system files out of the installation
              partition.  You can store these files in another partition or on
              a diskette.  If you intend to format the installation partition,
              remember to first use the BACKUP command to save any important
              files.
Explanation 3: The hard disk might contain errors.
Action:      Follow the CHKDSK procedure outlined in Recovering from Errors on
              the Hard Disk.
An error occurred when System Installation tried to transfer system files to
your hard disk.  Your hard disk might be unusable.
Explanation:  The installation program stopped transferring files because an
              error occurred while the boot record was being written.
Action:      Format the installation partition and restart the installation.
              Remember to first use the BACKUP command to save any important
              files.
System Installation failed trying to load a module into memory.
Explanation:  The installation program could not load a system module because
              there is not enough memory.  OS/2 requires a minimum of 4MB of
              memory.
Action:      Add more system memory (RAM).
An error occurred when System Installation tried to allocate a segment of
memory.
Explanation:  The installation program could not allocate a segment of memory
              because there is not enough memory.  OS/2 requires a minimum of
              4MB of memory.
Action:      Add more system memory (RAM).
FDISK unsuccessful.
Explanation:  Your hard disk controller might not be supported.
Action:      Make a copy of Diskette 1.  Locate the Device Support Diskette
              supplied by the manufacturer of your hard disk controller. Copy
              the OS/2 device driver from that Device Support Diskette onto the
              copy of Diskette 1.  Then add the statement BASEDEV=xxx.SYS
              (where xxx is the name of the device driver) to the CONFIG.SYS
              file on the copy of Diskette 1, and restart the installation.
An error occurred when System Installation tried to locate the dynamic link
library.
Explanation:  The installation program could not load the dynamic link library
              because there is not enough random access memory (RAM). OS/2
              requires a minimum of 4MB of memory
Action:      Add more system memory (RAM).
A disk read error occurred.
Explanation:  The BIOS level of the Future Domain** adapter is not compatible.
Action:      Contact Future Domain for a BIOS upgrade if you own the
              following:
  o  Future Domain TMC-850/860/875/885 with BIOS revision level 7.0
  o  Future Domain TMC-1660/1670/1680 with BIOS revision level 2.0
OS/2 is unable to operate your hard disk or your diskette drive.
Explanation 1: This might indicate some incompatibility between OS/2 and the
              diskette drive controller or hard disk controller in your system.
Action:      Edit the CONFIG.SYS file on the diskette or hard disk from which
              you are starting OS/2.  Remove all lines with
              BASEDEV=xxxxxxxx.ADD (where xxxxxxxx can be any characters), and
              make sure the following two lines appear in the CONFIG.SYS:
              BASEDEV=IBMxFLPY.ADD
              BASEDEV=IBMINT13.I13
              (where x is replaced by a 2 if you are using a Micro Channel
              system, and a 1 if you are using any other system.)
Explanation 2: A diskette drive or a hard disk drive controller might have an
              additional device (such as a tape backup) attached to it.
Action:      Disconnect additional devices, if possible.
Explanation 3: There might be an interrupt request (IRQ) level conflict between
              the diskette drive or hard disk controller and other devices
              installed on your system.
Action:      Change IRQ levels to eliminate conflicts.
Explanation 4: The hard disk partition on which you are installing OS/2 was
              compressed with a DOS data compression program.
Action:      Use the data compression program to decompress the partition.
              Then restart the installation procedure.
TRAPxxx
Explanation:  In general, traps are symptoms of software-related problems.
              After you have pursued these symptoms from a software failure
              perspective, you should consider the potential of a hardware
              cause relating to caches and memory, such as the following:
  o  If your computer has an 80486 microprocessor, your computer might require
      faster RAM chips (60ns or 70ns).
  o  There might be a problem with the external (level-2) CPU memory cache or
      main memory system on ISA or EISA systems.
Action:      Try the following:
  1. From the setup/diagnostics diskette or the BIOS Setup program built into
      the computer, try disabling all shadow RAM and external (level- 2) CPU
      memory caches.
  2. If problems persist during the installation of OS/2 after performing the
      above action, turn off the turbo switch (if one is available) on your
      system and retry the operation.  Disable caching during installation or
      turn the turbo switch off.
Some of the more common traps are listed below.  If you receive a trap error
that is not listed, you can view help for the trap after OS/2 is installed, by
typing HELP followed by the trap number at an OS/2 command prompt.  For
example:
HELP 0002
If the trap error contains a letter, as in a TRAP D error you must convert the
hexadecimal number (D) to decimal then add it to 1930.  For example, TRAP D
converted would be 1943 because D hexadecimal is 13 decimal (13 added to 1930
equals 1943).  So you would type HELP 1943 at an OS/2 command prompt.
A list of the hexadecimal to decimal conversions are listed below:
A = 10      D = 13
B = 11      E = 14
C = 12      F = 15
TRAP0002
Explanation:  A TRAP0002 error is a hardware error and is usually related
              directly to memory.  Mismatched memory modules can often cause
              these kinds of errors.  Your computer might have a variety of
              single inline memory modules (SIMMs) that were produced by
              different manufacturers or that operate at different speeds.
              (For example, a 1 x 9 module cannot be used with a 1 x 3 module.)
Action:      Try the following:
  o  Have your computer checked by a service representative.
  o  If your computer memory is okay and the problem persists, make sure that
      your system BIOS is of a recent date (1991 or later). Refer to Chapter 17,
      "Special Hardware Considerations," for more information about BIOS, or
      contact the manufacturer of your computer BIOS to receive the latest
      version.
SYS0005
Explanation:  When you perform a redirected remote installation of OS/2 using
              SYSINST2 for panel installation, the error message SYS0005
              appears while the computer attempts to copy UNPACK2.EXE.
Action:      This Access Denied Error is caused by damage to the extended
              attribute data on the NetWare** Server.  To correct this problem,
              delete the old disk images on the server and create new OS/2 disk
              images.
SYS1200 and EC=00BF
Explanation:  The DOS environment cannot be created.
Action:      If you see the error message SYS1200 while attempting to use the
              Dual Boot feature to change to DOS, and you also see error code
              EC=00BF, check your CONFIG.SYS file.  Make sure your virtual DOS
              device drivers have not been remarked out of or removed from your
              CONFIG.SYS file.  If necessary, look at the CONFIG.SYS file in
              the OS2\INSTALL directory (the CONFIG.SYS file as it was
              originally installed) to see how the DOS device drivers should be
              listed.
SYS1201
Explanation:  A device driver specified in the CONFIG.SYS file cannot be found,
              is the incorrect device driver (ex. DOS device driver), or is
              specified twice within the file.
Action:      Make sure the correct device driver for the device is installed,
              and then check the CONFIG.SYS file to make sure the information
              specified is correct.
SYS1475
Explanation:  The file OS2BOOT cannot be found.  This is a hidden system file
              and must reside in the root directory of the drive from which the
              operating system is started.
Action:      Remove the diskette from drive A and restart the system.  If the
              problem was not caused by a diskette in drive A, then the OS2BOOT
              file might be missing.  Try the following procedure:
  1. Insert the Installation Diskette into drive A.
  2. Turn on the computer.  If the computer is already on, press Ctrl+Alt+Del
      to restart it.
  3. When you are prompted to do so, remove the Installation Diskette and
      insert Diskette 1.
  4. Press Enter.
  5. When the Welcome to OS/2! screen appears, press F3 to display the command
      prompt.
  6. Reinsert the Installation Diskette.
  7. Type sysinstx c: and press Enter.  (If your operating system resides on a
      drive other than C, use the appropriate drive letter instead.)
              If this procedure does not correct the problem, it might be
              necessary to reinstall the operating system.
SYS1719
Explanation:  The file IBM386FS\HPFS386.IFS does not contain a valid device
              driver or file system driver.
Action:      Edit your CONFIG.SYS file and delete the following line:
              IFS=x:\OS2\HPFS.IFS
SYS2025
Explanation:  A disk read error occurred.  This might be a disk error or a
              damaged system boot record.
Actions:      Try the following:
  o  If this error occurred while the system was loading, follow the procedure
      in Recovering from Errors on the Hard Disk.
  o  If this error occurred when the system was reading the installation
      diskettes, there might be an error on the diskette.  If you already have
      an operating system installed on your computer, use the XDFCOPY command to
      make a copy of the installation diskettes.  Retry the installation with
      the newly copied diskettes.
  o  If your computer has BIOS supplied by AMI** or Phoenix**, you might need
      to upgrade the BIOS.  Refer to Chapter 17, "Special Hardware
      Considerations."
  o  If your system has a local bus IDE controller card, disable the BIOS on
      the 32-bit local bus IDE controller card and use the generic INT13 driver
      instead of IBM1S506.ADD.
  o  Make sure that there is not a hardware problem with your hard disk
      controller or your diskette drive.
SYS2026
Explanation:  The file OS2LDR cannot be found.  This is a hidden system file
              and must reside in the root directory of the drive from which the
              operating system is started.
Action:      Try the following:
              Make sure a non-system diskette is not in the diskette drive.  If
              a diskette is in the drive, remove it and restart the system.
              If the OS2LDR file is still missing:
  1. Insert the Installation Diskette into the diskette drive and restart the
      system.
  2. When prompted, remove the Installation Diskette and insert Diskette 1.
  3. When the Welcome to OS/2! screen appears, press F3 to access a command
      prompt.
  4. Copy the OS2LDR file from the Installation Diskette to the root directory
      on the OS/2 partition.
  5. Restart the system.
SYS2027
Explanation:  This message usually accompanies messages SYS1475 and SYS2025,
              and means that the system must be restarted.  See the explanation
              and actions for these messages for more specific information.
Action:      Insert a system diskette and restart the system.
SYS2028
Explanation:  The system cannot find the OS2KRNL file.  This is a hidden system
              file and must reside in the root directory of the drive from
              which the operating system is started.
Action:      Try the following:
  1. Insert the Installation Diskette into the diskette drive and restart the
      system.
  2. When prompted, remove the Installation Diskette and insert Diskette 1.
  3. When the Welcome to OS/2! screen appears, press F3 to access a command
      prompt.
  4. Copy the OS2KRNLI file from the Installation Diskette to the root
      directory of the OS/2 partition.  Type: A:OS2KRNLI C:\OS2KRNL and press
      Enter. (Where A: is the diskette drive containing the Installation
      Diskette and C: is the drive on which you are installing OS/2.) Notice the
      change in name of the OS2KRNL file.
  5. Remove the diskette from the drive.
  6. Restart the system.
SYS2029
Explanation:  The file OS2KRNL is damaged or not readable.
Action:      Copy the OS2KRNLI file from the Installation Diskette to the root
              directory of the drive containing the operating system.  Follow
              the instructions for error message SYS2028.
SYS2030
Explanation:  The system does not have enough memory to start the operating
              system.  OS/2 requires a minimum of 4MB of memory.
Action:      Add more memory to the system.
SYS3146
Explanation:  The system cannot find the OS2LDR.MSG file.  This is a hidden
              system file and must reside in the root directory of the drive
              from which the operating system is started.
Action:      Copy the OS2LDR.MSG file from the Installation Diskette to the
              root directory of the drive containing the operating system.
SYS3147
Explanation:  The OS2LDR.MSG file is not readable.  The file might be damaged.
Action:      Copy the OS2LDR.MSG file from the Installation Diskette to the
              root directory of the drive containing the operating system.
SYS3161
Explanation:  The system detected an 8086, 8088, or 80286 processor.  These
              processors are not supported by OS/2.
Action:      Upgrade your system so that your processor is compatible with the
              80386 processor.
===Installation Diskette Problems 209/2===
Following are solutions to problems that might occur while you are using the installation diskettes to install OS/2.
;Diskette 1:If the installation procedure stops while Diskette 1 is in the diskette drive, there might be a problem with the features of the hard disk controller. If the controller has on-board disk caching, disable the caching. If the controller can do asynchronous memory refreshes, turn off that feature. Make sure that other IRQ settings do not conflict with the hard disk controller IRQ setting. If multiple hard disk controllers or hardcards are installed in the system, it might be necessary to remove one of them.<br />The following apply to machine-specific problems:
*If you are installing on a system with an Allways** IN2000 SCSI adapter, and an IPE or FDISK error is displayed during the installation of Diskette 1. Upgrade your system to the current BIOS level of VCN:1-02.  The Allways IN2000 SCSI adapter might require an EPROM upgrade to operate with OS/2. You might find that you have some problems when trying to install over DOS partitions.  To correct these problems, you need to install the EPROM and reformat the hard drive.
*If you are installing OS/2 on a Mylex** system, a TRAP0008 error occurs during the installation of Diskette 1. For more information on this error, contact Mylex.
*If you are installing on a Compaq** 386/331 Deskpro system, a TRAP000D error occurs during the installation of Diskette 1.  To correct this problem, do the following:
1. Make a copy of Diskette 1.  You will modify the copy.
2. Use a text editor to edit the CONFIG.SYS file that exists on the copy of Diskette 1.
3. Delete the following statement from the CONFIG.SYS file:
      BASEDEV=IBM2SCSI.ADD
4. Use the copy of the diskette during the installation process instead of the original.
;Diskette 3: If the installation program continues to prompt you to insert Diskette 3, you have a 1.44 MB diskette drive that can work in either IBM* PC/XT* mode or IBM PCAT mode.  Contact your service representative to determine if there are hardware-specific considerations.
;Any Diskette: If several diskettes are successfully installed, then the system refuses a diskette and makes a beeping sound, your system might be infected with the Joshi virus. (This symptom usually appears after the first phase of the installation is complete and the system is restarted.) The Joshi virus is a DOS virus that interferes with OS/2 and causes random lockups. The Joshi virus:
* Operates by trapping disk reads and writes.  If the virus is active in memory, programs that try to locate the virus on diskette will have problems detecting it.
* Is carried on the boot sector of an infected data diskette or system diskette. This virus originated in DOS but can survive in OS/2.  When you start an infected system, the virus resides in memory and survives a Ctrl+Alt+Del startup.  If you do not type Happy Birthday Joshi, the system will stop.
* Is copied to the boot sector of every diskette. The virus will be transferred to any computer on which the user performed any diskette operation that included reading from, or writing to, the infected diskette.
* Spreads from infected diskettes to DOS and OS/2 systems when the systems are started from diskettes.
* Interferes with the startup from the hard disk of OS/2-based systems. The warning that OS/2 will give is that the IBM1FLPY.ADD file is bad or missing.
Many antivirus packages are effective at detecting this virus.
In DOS, the Norton Antivirus Version 2.1 can both detect and clear the virus.
In OS/2, Central Point Anti-Virus** can detect the virus.
McAfee** Clean and Scan and IBM Anti-Virus/2* (AV/2) can both detect and clear the virus.
===Installation Screen Problems 210/2===
Following are solutions for problems you might have with your screen during the installation of OS/2.
White Screen during Installation
If the display screen is white during the installation of OS/2 and there is no system activity, set the video adapter to operate on an 8-bit mode and move the adapter to an 8-bit slot.  Do the following:
  1. Turn off the computer and disable the autosensing capability of the video
      adapter.
  2. Modify the settings.  Refer to the documentation that came with your video
      adapter.
  3. Place the adapter in an 8-bit slot.  Then install OS/2.
  4. Return the adapter to the 16-bit slot and set back to the 16-bit mode.
White Screen with Disk Light On Constantly
If you are installing OS/2 on a fast 486 ISA-bus computer, you might encounter a white screen and the disk light constantly on.  To correct this problem, try to reduce the speed of the computer by turning off the turbo mode of the computer.  Refer to the documentation that came with your computer to find out how to change the mode.
Black Lines on an OS/2 Logo Screen
During the installation on a Gateway** 2000 with an 80486/66MHz processor, a local bus, and an ATI** Graphics Ultra Pro, the system will get to the screen with the colorful OS/2 logo, and then the installation will stop. The display screen shows horizontal bands of video separated by black bands that scroll horizontally across the screen.  To correct this problem, do the following:
1. Start DOS.
2. At the DOS prompt, type CD \MACH32 and press Enter.
3. Type install and press Enter.
4. At the Main Selection screen, select Set Power Up Configuration.
5. Select Monitor Type and press Enter.
6. Select 1572 Monitor with 72Hz Refresh Rate and press Enter.
7. Select IBM Default (or 60Hz) as the new display.
Note:  After OS/2 is successfully installed, repeat the steps to reselect the 1572 Monitor type.
===Installation CD-ROM Problems 211/2===
Cannot Access CD-ROM During Installation
If the device driver for your CD-ROM is not included in the OS/2 package, but is available from the CD-ROM manufacturer, you can modify Diskette 1 to add the device driver.  Refer to "Chapter 17, Special Hardware Considerations" for instructions.
If you cannot access your CD-ROM drive during installation from a CD, but you can access the drive using DOS, you can install OS/2 using disk images.  Disk Images are copies of the installation program that you put on diskette.  You create disk images by using the XDFCOPY utility  program to copy images from the CD to diskettes.  You then use these diskettes to install OS/2.
Note:  Installation diskettes are in a special format called XDF. The only command you should use with an XDF disketee is XDFCOPY.
Be sure to use formatted diskettes for this procedure.  To find out exactly how many diskettes you will need:
  1. Place the CD in the CD-ROM drive
  2. Type: DIR X:\DISKIMGS\OS2\35 /W (where: X is the drive letter of your
      CD-ROM drive and 35 is the diskette size.)
  3. Press Enter.  A list of files will appear on your display.
  4. Count the files that end with the extension .DSK.  Each .DSK file will
      require a separate diskette.
Use the following command to create each disk image:
X:\DISKIMGS\XDFCOPY
X:\DISKIMGS\OS2\size\diskname.dsk Y:
where:
X:                      is the drive letter of the CD-ROM drive.
\DISKIMGS\XDFCOPY        is the location and name of the program used to create
                          the diskettes
DISKIMGS\OS2\size        is the location of the files containing the disk
                          images. Substitute 35 for the size parameter.  Use 35
                          for 3.5-inch 1.44MB and 2.88MB diskettes.
diskname.dsk            is the disk image file name (for example, DISK0.DSK).
Y:                      is the drive letter of your diskette drive.
For example, to create the Installation Diskette (DISK0.DSK) on a 3.5-inch
diskette, type the following and press Enter.
E:\DISKIMGS\XDFCOPY E:\DISKIMGS\OS2\35\DISK0.DSK A:
Where: E: is the CD-ROM drive and A: is the diskette drive.
===Miscellaneous Installation Problems 212/2===
Following are solutions to miscellaneous problems that might occur while you are installing OS/2.
Missing Device Driver Needed for Installation
If the device driver needed to install OS/2 on your computer is missing from the installation diskettes, obtain the device driver from either the device manufacturer or a bulletin board, then do the following:
  1. Make a backup copy of Diskette 1.
  2. Copy the needed device driver file (.ADD) to the backup copy of Diskette
      1.
  3. Edit the CONFIG.SYS file on the backup copy of Diskette 1 and change the
      BASEDEV= statement to include the file name and extension of the new
      device driver.  Example:  BASEDEV=IBM1FLPY.ADD
  4. Save the file, and use the updated copy of Diskette 1 to install OS/2.
Computer Beeps Constantly
If your computer beeps constantly while you are changing diskettes during
installation, you might have a defective diskette drive controller or cable.
Check the controller and cable for damage, and also check all their
connections.
Promise IDE Cached Controller
To install OS/2 on a system with a Promise IDE Cached Controller, you must edit
the CONFIG.SYS file on Diskette 1 and change the following line:
BASEDEV=IBM1S506
to
BASEDEV=IBM1S506 /!SMS
ATI Graphics Ultra Pro Adapter
ATI makes various display adapters that are comparable with the IBM 8514/A
display adapter.  The ATI Graphics Ultra, 8514 Ultra, and Graphics Vantage can
all be treated as IBM 8514/A adapters for the OS/2 installation process.
However, if you have an ATI Graphics Ultra Pro, you must follow these steps
before you install OS/2.  The INSTALL utility program used in the following
steps will set your display to run as a VGA display so that OS/2 can be
installed.  After OS/2 is installed, you can run the INSTALL utility program
again to select the correct display attached to the system.
Note:  Following these steps incorrectly might cause your system to hang with a
black screen or distort your display with static.  Refer to the ATI
documentation if you encounter problems configuring the Ultra Pro memory.
To prepare your ATI Graphics Ultra Pro adapter for use with OS/2:
  1. Start your system using DOS, preferably from a diskette.  You will need to
      start DOS again after OS/2 is installed because the ATI INSTALL utility
      program runs only in DOS.
  2. Type INSTALL at the DOS command prompt.
  3. If your adapter has 1MB of video memory, select SHARED.  If your adapter
      has 2MB of video memory, ensure that the aperture is properly configured.
  4. Select Monitor Setup.
  5. Select Custom.
  6. Set the refresh rate for 640 x 480 to IBM DEFAULT (or 60Hz).
  7. Set the refresh of all other resolutions as appropriate for your display.
  8. Save the configuration.
  9. Install OS/2.  Make sure that during the installation of OS/2, you select
      8514 as the primary display type.
IBM PS/2* Model 30-286 Upgrades
OS/2 is not supported on IBM PS/2 Model 30-286 upgraded to a 386
microprocessor.
Aox** Systems
If your computer has an Aox add-in microprocessor adapter and you encounter
problems either installing or starting up your OS/2 system, call the Aox
Corporation and ask for the latest "flash-prom" code upgrade.
IOMEGA** PC Powered Pro 90
If you are using an IOMEGA PC Powered Pro 90, call the IOMEGA service number
and request OAD Driver Version 2.3.
IBM PS/2 Model 90 and 95 Computers
  o  If you are experiencing problems with your Model 90 or 95, ensure your
      system is at the latest engineering change (EC) level. Your IBM service
      representative can assist you.
  o  You must ensure that you have matched pairs of single in-line memory
      modules.  This means that each pair of single in-line memory modules, as
      described in your technical reference manual, must be matched in memory
      size and speed.  Mixing these modules can cause some computers to report
      memory errors.
All ISA, EISA, and PCI Systems
If you are installing OS/2 on a ISA, EISA, or PCI system, some CMOS settings
might need to be adjusted:
  o  Turn off ROM shadowing (system and video) if it is not essential to
      starting your system.
      Usually only extremely fast systems require ROM shadowing during a
      startup.  Do not turn ROM shadowing on again after installing OS/2.
  o  If you get a TRAP0002 error, add wait states (both read and write, if the
      option is given).  Add two wait states and see if the TRAP0002 error goes
      away.
      Note:  Take as few of the actions here as are necessary to prevent the
      TRAP0002 error, because you must retain whatever setting makes the system
      function.  If you added wait states, do not remove them later without
      adding faster (matched) DRAM to your system.
  o  If you experience other traps or complete system hangs while installing,
      turn off your external processor cache (internal cache is not a problem).
      If this corrects the problem, have the system board repaired or replaced
      before you turn on the cache again.
===Solving Problems After Installation 213/1+===
This chapter provides information to help you solve problems you might encounter after OS/2 has been installed.  It includes information about what to do if you have problems, plus specific instructions for startup, memory, display, mouse, CD-ROM, hard disk, and Desktop problems.  In addition, procedures are given for recovering the Desktop, CONFIG.SYS file, user INI file, hard disk, and memory state data.
Use the table of contents at the beginning of this chapter to locate the information dealing with a particular problem.
===What to Do If You Have Problems 214/2===
OS/2 is a stable operating system and, in most cases, you will not experience problems.  However, if you do encounter a problem while using OS/2, do the following:
# Read through this chapter to see if the problem you are experiencing is documented.
# If your problem is not addressed in this section, refer to the Service and Support brochure in your OS/2 package for instructions on how to get additional assistance.
Before you call for assistance, make sure you call from a telephone that is near your computer and gather the following before you speak with the OS/2 specialist:
*Your registration number (located in the Service and Support brochure in the US only)
*The brand and model of the equipment you are using
*The error message or number, if any, that appeared on your screen
*Paper and pencil for taking notes
*The number for your fax machine, or the number of a fax machine to which you have access
===Editing the CONFIG.SYS File in Your Root Directory 215/2===
A CONFIG.SYS file contains lines of instructions that control how your computer starts up and how it works with the devices you have attached to it.
During installation, the CONFIG.SYS file is copied from Diskette 1 and added to your root directory. There might be instances in which you will be instructed in this chapter to edit your CONFIG.SYS file in order to add a statement, "remark out" a line, or modify an existing line in the file.  If you need to alter the CONFIG.SYS file after you install OS/2, you will need to make the changes to the CONFIG.SYS file located in the root directory on the hard disk (usually drive C).
Note:  If the CONFIG.SYS file is changed incorrectly, you might not be able to restart your computer.  Be careful when editing the file.
To edit the CONFIG.SYS file that is in your root directory (after installing OS/2), follow these steps:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Type COPY CONFIG.SYS CONFIG.OLD and press Enter.
  4. Type E C:\CONFIG.SYS and press Enter.
      where: E is the command used to start the System Editor that comes with
      OS/2
                C: is the letter of the drive where OS/2 was installed
                \ is the symbol for root directory
      The CONFIG.SYS file will appear on your screen, and you can make changes
      to it.
  5. When you are done working on the file, select File, then select Save.
  6. Select Type... in the Save notification window.
  7. Select Plain Text, then select Set.
  8. Press Alt+F4 to exit from the System Editor.
  9. Shut down your computer.  (You must restart your computer anytime you make
      changes to the CONFIG.SYS file in order for the changes to take effect.)
For more information about the statements that can appear in the CONFIG.SYS file, refer to the Command Reference that is located in the Information folder on the OS/2 Desktop.
===Startup Problems 216/2===
Following are solutions to problems that might occur when you try to start your system after installing OS/2.
Internal Processing Error Message Appears
The system stops and the screen displays INTERNAL PROCESSING ERROR at the top of a message.
Record the information exactly as it displayed on the screen, and write a description of what you were doing when the trap occurred.  Then, refer to the Service and Support information in your OS/2 package for instructions about calling for additional assistance.
Boot Manager Menu Does Not Appear:
If you installed the Boot Manager partition but the Boot Manager startup menu does not appear as expected when you start the system, you will need to make the Boot Manager partition startable.  Do the following:
  1. Turn on the computer.  If the computer is already on, press Ctrl+Alt+Del
      to restart it.
  2. When a small white box appears in the upper left-hand corner of your
      screen, press Alt+F1.
  3. When the Recovery Choices screen appears, press C.
System Will Not Start DOS from the Boot Manager Menu
On a system with a VESA** SUPER I/O controller and two disk drives, the system might not start from the Boot Manager menu.  Instead, it will display a
non-system disk or disk error message.  For more information on this message,
check the VESA controller documentation or contact the manufacturer.
Dual Boot Does Not Work
If the BOOT command is unsuccessful when you try to switch from DOS to OS/2,
you might have one or more active terminate-and-stay-resident (TSR) or DOS
cache programs.  If so, end the programs before you use the BOOT command.  For
TSR programs that are loaded from AUTOEXEC.BAT, you must deactivate the
programs before using the BOOT command.
Error When Using Dual Boot on a PS/1 System
On PS/1 systems preinstalled with DOS 5.0, using Dual Boot from OS/2 to DOS
might result in an error.  To correct this problem, press Ctrl+Alt+Del to
restart the system.
===Memory Problems 217/2===
Following are solutions to problems you might encounter with memory after installing OS/2.
IBM PS/2 Model 90 or 95 Memory Parity Errors
If your Model 90 or 95 is a 33 MHz system and you are having difficulty
identifying intermittent memory parity errors such as TRAP0002, which force you
to restart your system, then ECA053 might apply.  If your microprocessor card
has part number 84F9356, contact your IBM representative to assist you with a
replacement.
IBM PS/2 Model 90 Memory Errors
If your Model 90 is experiencing intermittent memory errors, ECA084 might apply
if the part number of your memory riser card is N33F4905 or 84F9356.  Your IBM
representative can assist you with a replacement.
===Display Problems 218/2===
Following are solutions to problems you might encounter with your display after installing OS/2.
White Screen after Installation
If the display screen is white after installation and there is no system
activity, set the video adapter to operate on an 8-bit bus and move the adapter
to an 8-bit slot.  If possible, disable the autosensing capability of the video
adapter.  For information on modifying these settings, refer to the
documentation that came with your video adapter.
Blank Screen after Installation
If the Desktop appears to be blank when you restart the system after the
complete installation of OS/2, and you are using a ProComm** Micro Channel* SCSI
adapter, do not attempt to run CHKDSK on the drive connected to the adapter.
Contact ProComm to receive the device driver needed for the SCSI card.
System Stops at Logo Screen
If you have a Future Domain 16xx SCSI controller, you might have installed OS/2
successfully but then found a problem the next time you started OS/2.  If the
system stopped running with the logo screen displayed, there might be a conflict
with the interrupt settings of your hardware devices. Check all interrupt
request (IRQ) settings on all your hardware devices and make sure that each one
is using a unique IRQ.  Future Domain controllers are shipped from the factory
preset to use IRQ5.  However, IRQ5 is the interrupt that is normally assigned to
LPT2.  Also, it is common for IRQ5 to be used by sound or communications
adapters.  You might not see a problem immediately because of interrupt
conflicts, but eventually a problem can occur.
System Will Not Restart on a High-Resolution Display
If you installed support for a high-resolution display adapter and your system
will not restart, follow the procedure below.  This procedure will set the
adapter support to a lower resolution (VGA) but will enable your system to
start.
  1. Turn on the computer.  If the computer is already on, press Ctrl+Alt+Del
      to restart it.
  2. When a small white box appears in the upper left-hand corner of your
      screen, press Alt+F1.
  3. When the Recovery Choices screen appears, press V.
  4. Use Selective Install to install support for another high-resolution
      display adapter.
Graphics Mode and Refresh Rates Incorrect for Hardware
Most video adapters are sensitive to the characteristics and capabilities of
the display attached to them.  The video BIOS on these adapters detects and
sets the hardware to support a desired graphics mode.
Some adapters have configuration dip switches to select desired vertical
refresh rates for high-resolution modes (800 x 600 and 1024 x 768).  Others are
shipped with DOS video-configuration utility programs that allow selection of
refresh rates. Usual refresh rates range from 56Hz to 72Hz non-interlaced or
88Hz interlaced.  The display has to be capable of synchronizing to this
frequency for proper mode set.
When the desired refresh rate has been set using either the dip switches or the
video-configuration utility program run the \OS2\SVGA.EXE utility program to
store the hardware setup in an \OS2\SVGADATA.PMI file.  At a DOS full-screen
session, type: C:\OS2\SVGA ON; then press Enter.
The Installation Program Installed VGA Support instead of SVGA
During the installation of OS/2, the installation program might have installed
only VGA support for your display.  To install the Super VGA (SVGA) drivers,
you can use Selective Install in the System Setup folder.  (System Setup is in
the OS/2 System folder).
Video Corruption or Stacked or Missing Icons
  1. Display the Desktop pop-up menu (click mouse button 2 on the OS/2 desktop
      background).
  2. Select Refresh to redraw the Desktop.
  3. If the screen goes blank, press Alt+Esc (to switch between the programs)
      to force repainting of the screen.
Synchronization Lost Under OS/2 But Not DOS
The resolution or refresh rate loses synchronization under OS/2 but not DOS.
To correct this problem, generate the \OS2\SVGADATA.PMI file under a specific
version of DOS using the following instructions:
  1. Start DOS.
  2. Type \OS2\SVGA ON DOS
  3. Press Enter.
  4. Type RENAME \OS2\SVGADATA.DOS \OS2\SVGADATA.PMI
  5. Press Enter.
  6. Restart OS/2.
If this does not fix the problem, try selecting a different vertical refresh
rate (refer to your adapter manual); then generate the PMI file again.
If your display remains out of synchronization or is stable and synchronized
after restarting the system but loses synchronization after a session switch,
this might be due to your video adapter's hardware implementation.
Note:  Some video adapter hardware cannot be fully saved and restored in all
graphics modes for all refresh rates.
Using After Dark** for Windows** with S3** Adapter
If you have an S3 adapter and are using After Dark for Windows, images that
move from left to right will not perform properly.
Switch to any resolution other than 640 x 480 x 16M.
Using Ventura Publisher** for Windows with an S3 Adapter
If you have an S3 display adapter and are using Ventura Publisher for Windows,
you might experience a General Protection fault when starting the program.
Switch to a 256-color resolution to avoid this problem.
Using Lotus 1-2-3 for OS/2 with S3 Adapter
If you have an S3 display adapter and are using Lotus 1-2-3 for OS/2 your
system might trap.
Switch to any resolution other than one using 16M colors.
Using Lotus** 1-2-3** for OS/2 or Lotus Freelance for OS/2
If you have an XGA or SVGA display adapter and are using Lotus 1-2-3 for OS/2
or Lotus Freelance** for OS/2, your system might trap.
Switch to a resolution that uses 256 colors or less.
Using WordPerfect** 5.1 or 5.2 for Windows with S3 Adapter
If you have an S3 display adapter and are using WordPerfect 5.1 or 5.2 for
Windows you might experience a General Protection fault when the Print Preview
option is selected.
Use any resolution other than the 800 x 600 x 64K or 600 x 480 x 16 million
color modes.
Using Software Motion Video Feature with S3 Adapter
If you have an S3 display adapter and are using the software motion video
feature you might experience poor performance of video playback in 64K-color
modes.
Normally, the software motion video feature will take advantage of a 1MB
aperture on video adapters and systems where it is available. For those systems
with nonstandard locations, the actual physical address of the aperture must be
provided in the following CONFIG.SYS statement:
SET VIDEO_APERTURE=xxxh
where "xxx" is a hexadecimal value in units of 1MB, representing the actual
physical address to map to the aperture.  For example, the IBM PS/ValuePoint*
systems must have the statement:
SET VIDEO_APERTURE=400h
to use a physical address at 1GB.
Blank Screen on IBM ValuePoint system
If you have one of the following IBM ValuePoint systems, you might encounter a
blank screen while switching from one window to another.
PS/ValuePoint Display Models:  6314    6317    6319
PS/ValuePoint System Models:    6382    6384    6387
To correct or avoid this problem, make sure that the flash EEPROM level of your
system is 62 or later.
To check the EEPROM level:
  1. Begin the Configuration Utility program by turning the system off and then
      on again.
  2. During the memory count, press F1.  (The memory count appears in the upper
      left corner of the screen as numbers followed by KB.)
  3. When the Configuration Utility screen appears, look for the Flash EEPROM
      Revision Level.
  4. The fifth and sixth characters in the Flash EEPROM Revision Level
      represent the actual revision level.
  5. If the revision level is less than 62, you must install the ValuePoint
      Flash BIOS update.
To get the required ValuePoint Flash BIOS update do the following: Access the
IBM PC Company Bulletin Board System, then download the VP2FL62A.DSK file,
which is the Flash BIOS Update Level 62.
If you do not have access to a modem, you can call the IBM Help Center and
request this update on diskette.
Video Corruption with Video 7** Adapter
If you experience minor video corruption when switching from an OS/2
full-screen session to the Desktop using Alt+Esc, exit the OS/2 session and
restart it.
Video Corruption Using 8514/A Adapter with WIN-OS/2
If you are running a WIN-OS/2 full-screen session with an 8514/A adapter in a
high-resolution mode, do not switch to a different session while the program is
updating the screen or displaying an hourglass.  The actual problem you
experience (for example, video corruption, system hang) depends upon what the
display driver is doing at the time of the switch.
Color Icons and Bit Maps Improperly Drawn
Windows programs that use color icons or color bit-map backgrounds must run in
the foreground to be properly drawn.  Do not switch from a Windows program
while it is being started or before it completes drawing color icons and color
bit-map backgrounds.
Discolored Bit Map Using 8514/A Adapter
If you are using an 8514/A display adapter, 256-color bit maps might become
discolored. after you start a WIN-OS/2 window session.
This discoloration is due to the sharing of the 256-color palette and should
not affect the running of the programs.
Corrupted Graphics in DOS Programs
Some DOS programs with graphics use a non-standard VGA mode that the adapter
can support, but the operating system cannot.  The graphics in these programs
might be corrupted when displayed in a window.  To avoid this problem run these
programs in DOS full-screen sessions.
Corrupted Colors in DOS Programs
Some DOS programs experience color corruption when running in a window on the
Desktop in VGA mode.  This is a limitation of the VGA mode because the color
palette of the DOS session has to be translated to the Presentation Manager*
and the Desktop in VGA mode does not offer enough colors to do an optimal
translation.
The best solution is to use an OS/2 display driver that supports the 256-color
mode or run the program in a DOS full-screen session.
Corrupted DOS Full-Screen Session on IBM ThinkPad* 750C Series
If you are using a ThinkPad 750C Series, after installing OS/2, you might find
that your DOS full-screen session is corrupted.  To fix this problem you must
reinstall the video driver from the ThinkPad video features diskette.
  1. Restart your system by pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del.  Press Alt+F1 when the small
      white box appears in the upper left-hand corner of your screen.
  2. When the Recovery Choices screen appears, press V to return to VGA mode.
  3. Restart your system, and then reinstall the ThinkPad 750c video drivers
      from the ThinkPad video features diskette.
WIN-OS/2 Fails to Start on IBM ThinkPad
If a WIN-OS2 window fails to come up on an IBM Thinkpad, make sure that your
CONFIG.SYS file contains the following statement:
DOS=LOW,NOUMB
Also, make sure that the WIN-OS/2 settings have DOS set to LOW and UMB set to
OFF.
Notebook Computers Using DOS Window
Some notebook computers get a trap D error or other problems when a DOS window
is opened.  This error is caused by improper video register shadowing. To
correct the problem:
  1. Edit your C:\CONFIG.SYS file.
  2. Change
      DEVICE=C:\OS2\MDOS\VVGA.SYS
      to
      DEVICE=C:\OS2\MDOS\VSVGA.SYS
  3. Save the C:\CONFIG.SYS file.
  4. Shut down and restart the computer.
Text Strings Clipped on Display
OS/2 uses a system proportional font that is designed to meet the International
Organization for Standards (ISO) 9241 standard and the German DIN 66234
standard when using certain ISO compliant hardware. If you do not want to use
ISO compliant fonts, you can modify the OS2.INI file to install fonts that are
not ISO compliant.  Font changes made in the OS2.INI file are global across all
programs.  If you have REXX installed, you can type the following information
into a CMD file and use it to change the font.
  call RxFuncAdd "SysIni", "RexxUtil", "SysIni"
  AppName = "PM_SystemFonts"
  KeyName = "DefaultFont"
  FontName = "10.System Proportional Non-ISO"
  call SysIni "USER", AppName, KeyName, FontName||"0"x
  exit
After the file has been run, shut down and restart the system.
Poor Performance of Windows Programs Using 8514/A Adapter
If your system has an 8514/A adapter, you can improve the performance of your
Windows programs by changing their settings.  Open the Settings notebook for
each Windows program and change the following WIN-OS/2 settings:
      VIDEO_8514A_XGA_IOTRAP to OFF
      VIDEO_SWITCH_NOTIFICATION to ON
Corrupted Desktop with the ATI Graphics Ultra Pro Adapter
If your system has the 1MB version of the ATI Graphics Ultra Pro adapter with
the memory set to SHARED, some DOS programs running in the background might
corrupt the Desktop.
To correct this problem, you must upgrade to the 2MB version of the ATI
Graphics Ultra Pro and set the VGA memory to 256K or greater.
Note:  If you are using the 1MB version of the ATI Graphics Ultra Pro adapter
with the OS/2 8514/A display driver, the VGA memory must be set to SHARED.
System Hang Using PM Debugger
To correct this problem, use an XGA* or 8514/A adapter with the debugger. An
access violation will occur when you exit the debugger, but you will not have
to restart your system and you will not have system problems as a result of
using the debugger.
Video Corruption on XGA Display Using Windows Screen Savers
A Windows screen saver program that starts while in a background session might
display a corrupted image being displayed when you switch back to the Windows
session.  The image can be refreshed by moving the mouse or pressing any key.
You can eliminate this problem by changing your WIN-OS/2 settings for the
screen saver program using the Settings Notebook.  Change the settings to:
      VIDEO_8514A_XGA_IOTRAP to ON
      VIDEO_SWITCH_NOTIFICATION to OFF
Using Dual Displays (XGA and VGA)
If you are using a dual display system with XGA as the primary display and VGA
as the secondary display, you might see some minor corruption when the XGA
display is set to a resolution with 65536 colors.
This corruption will be on the display that does not have focus and will not
interfere with the operation of the system.
Using Dual Displays with Windows programs in a Window Session
On dual display configurations with XGA-2 as the primary display and VGA as the
secondary display, the DOS full-screen session might be corrupted if a Windows
program is started in a window session.
To recover from this situation, shut down and restart the system.
Using XGA-2 Adapter with Dual Boot
If you are using Dual Boot with an XGA-2 adapter, you must modify the
CONFIG.DOS file:
  1. Edit the \OS2\SYSTEM\CONFIG.DOS file.
  2. Locate the line
      DEVICE=C:\DOS\EMM386.EXE RAM 2048 X=nnnn-nnnn
  3. Change nnnn-nnnn to C000-CFFF.
  4. Save and exit the file.
Screen Corruption on IBM P75 Systems
On IBM P75 systems, there might be some corruption on the screen whenever
several icons are selected and moved together.
This corruption can be eliminated by selecting Sort from the Desktop pop-up
menu.
Limited Resolutions on IBM P75 Systems with External Displays
An IBM P75 system with an external display attached might only have the 640 x
480 x 16,772,216 resolution selection on the the System Settings Screen page.
If the external display is capable of displaying higher resolutions, use the
P75 Reference Diskette to disable the built-in plasma display.
Color Changes Behind Icons on XGA Displays
If you are using an XGA display, the diagonal lines behind the icons of open
objects might change color unexpectedly.
This does not interfere with the operation of the system.
Extra Lines on OS/2 System Clock on XGA Displays
If you are using an XGA display, extra lines might appear on the face of the
OS/2 System Clock between the quarter (:15) and half (:30) hour.
These lines do not interfere with the operation of the clock.
Display Power Management Signaling Not Enabled on XGA Displays
If you are using an XGA display, the XGA DMQS (\xga$dmqs\*.dqs) files in this
version of the operating system do not have DPMS (Display Power Management
Signaling) enabled for the DPMS supported displays.
You must use the DPMS OVERRIDE parameter provided with the Power Management
Utility program that is located in System Setup.
PS/ValuePoint System with Radius XGA Display Adapter
If you are using a Radius XGA display adapter on a PS/ValuePoint system, it
might not work correctly.
To correct this problem, you need to obtain and use the VPXGA.EXE utility
program. For a copy of this utility program, check your Radius Installation
Diskette or contact a service representative at Radius.
Zenith Data Systems** and Hewlett Packard Systems with Headland Adapters
Zenith Data Systems with Headland HT208 and Hewlett Packard systems with HT209
display a white half-screen whenever high-resolution modes are selected.
These systems do not support high-resolution modes even though you can
successfully install high resolution drivers and select the modes.  To correct
this problem, use Selective Install to install VGA.
ZEOS** Systems with Speedstar VGA
If you are using a ZEOS system with Speedstar VGA, the video display adapter
might not configure.
Use the VMODE utility program supplied with the system to configure the display
during the display driver installation.
Video Corruption with Sigma Legend** Adapter
If you have a Sigma Legend display adapter you might experience minor video
corruption on the Desktop when you switch between the Desktop and DOS if they
are running in different modes.
Use the DOS utility program that is packaged with this display adapter to set
the DOS session to the same mode as the Desktop.
System Hang with Sigma Legend Adapter
If you are using a Sigma Legend display in 1024 x 768 x 256 color mode, the
system might stop.
Use only 640 x 480 x 256 or 800 x 600 x 256 mode with this adapter.
===Mouse Problems 219/2===
The following information provides solutions to problems you might encounter with your mouse.
Existing Mouse Not Working Correctly
If the mouse you had connected to your computer before installing OS/2 now works
improperly (movements appear "jerky" or the mouse does not respond when you move
it), do the following:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Open OS/2 Window.  If you installed OS/2 from a CD, continue with step 4.
      If you installed from diskettes, go to step 5.
  4. Type ATTRIB -R C:\OS2\MOUSE.SYS and press Enter (where c is the drive
      where OS/2 is installed).
  5. Insert the diskette that came with your mouse into drive A (this diskette
      contains the mouse device driver).
  6. Type COPY A:\MOUSE.SYS C:\OS2\MOUSE.SYS and press Enter (where C is the
      drive where OS/2 is installed).
  7. Shut down the system.
Mouse Not Working after Installation
If you installed a mouse during the installation of OS/2, or used selective
installation to install a new mouse and the mouse is not working, you will need
to edit your CONFIG.SYS file.  Do the following:
  1. Edit the C:\CONFIG.SYS file and press Enter (where C is the drive where
      OS/2 is installed).
  2. Delete the mouse device driver statements from the CONFIG.SYS file (there
      might be more than one such statement).  For example:
      DEVICE=C:\OS2\MOUSE.SYS
  3. Shut down the system, and then restart it.
  4. Use Selective Install to install a different mouse driver.
Serial Mouse Not Working
If the serial mouse is connected to a serial port, make sure that the serial
port is configured for default settings.
Logitech** Mouse Not Working after Installation
If you have a Logitech mouse that does not work after installation, you might
have to select another mouse driver.  Before 1991, Logitech sold "C-Series"
serial mice. Since 1991, Logitech has sold only "M-Series" Microsoft-compatible
serial mice.  To determine which mouse you have, look at the bottom of the
mouse.  If it says "CA" or "C7," then it is a C-Series mouse.  If not, then you
have an M-Series mouse.  Use Selective Install to select the correct Logitech
mouse driver.
Logitech Mouse Not Working after Dual Boot from DOS
If your Logitech mouse is not working on a Dual Boot system after you run DOS
and switch to OS/2, your mouse might be running in a mode set by a DOS-based
mouse device driver.  To correct the problem:
  1. If COM2 port is being used, switch back to DOS and type the following at
      the DOS command prompt:
      MOUSE PC
      or
      MOUSE 2 PC
      This will reset the mouse to a mode that is recognized by OS/2.
      Note:  You must use the MOUSE.COM that came with the mouse, or the command
      will not work.
  2. Then type the following:
      C:\OS2\BOOT /OS2
  3. Press Enter.  OS/2 should start and your mouse should work.
  4. If this does not work, disconnect and reconnect the mouse.
  5. If these methods do not work, close your programs and turn off the
      computer.  Then, turn the computer on again.
Mouse Does Not Work on an IBM PS/2 Model 90 or 95
If your Model 90 or 95 has the Unattended Start Mode option set (through the
System Programs), the mouse driver will not load during startup.
To correct this situation, disable the Unattended Start Mode.
Mouse Does Not Work on COM3 or COM4
OS/2 supports connection only to COM1 or COM2, at the standard input/output
(I/O) address and interrupt request (IRQ) setting.
Mouse Pointer Does Not Move
When you move your mouse, the mouse pointer on the screen does not move.
Verify that each device on your computer that uses an IRQ setting is not
conflicting with another IRQ setting.
Mouse Statements in CONFIG.SYS
The mouse statements that should appear in your CONFIG.SYS depend on the type
of mouse connected to your computer.
The correct CONFIG.SYS statements for running a serial mouse are:
DEVICE=C:\OS2\MDOS\VMOUSE.SYS
DEVICE=C:\OS2\POINTDD.SYS
DEVICE=C:\OS2\PCLOGIC.SYS SERIAL=COMx
DEVICE=C:\OS2\MOUSE.SYS TYPE=PCLOGIC$
Where:  C is the drive on which OS/2 is installed, and COMx is either COM1 or
COM2.
The correct CONFIG.SYS statements for running a Microsoft or IBM mouse are:
DEVICE=C:\OS2\MDOS\VMOUSE.SYS
DEVICE=C:\OS2\POINTDD.SYS
DEVICE=C:\OS2\MOUSE.SYS
Where:  C is the drive on which OS/2 is installed.
Three-button Mouse Not Working Correctly
You have a 3-button mouse and error SYS1201 is displayed on the screen.
OS/2 supports only the 2-button mode on a 3-button mouse.  If your mouse has a
switch to change to a 2-button mode, change the switch.  If it doesn't, replace
the mouse with a 2 button mouse.
Erratic Mouse Pointer in WIN-OS/2 Sessions
If you have an erratic pointer in your WIN-OS/2 programs.
Set the following WIN-OS/2 settings:
  o  MOUSE_EXCLUSIVE_ACCESS to On
  o  IDLE_SENSITIVITY to 100
  o  IDLE_SECONDS to 20
Mouse Not Recognized on Non-IBM Computer
If your mouse is not recognized on a non-IBM computer that has a mouse port
with an attached mouse, the mouse might be incompatible with the mouse port
because of the chip on the mouse adapter.
Attach the mouse to a serial port.  If the mouse still does not work, try a
different mouse with the mouse port.
Mouse and Keyboard Stop Working
If you have AMI BIOS, you might have an old version.  Contact your computer
manufacturer for an updated BIOS level.
===CD-ROM Problems 220/2===
Following are solutions to problems you might encounter with your CD-ROM after installing OS/2.
Philips** CM 205 CD-ROM
If you have a Philips CM 205 drive and it doesn't work with OS/2, edit your
CONFIG.SYS file and change the line containing LMS205.ADD to LMS206.ADD.
If your CD-ROM drive is not working correctly (does not respond, or generates
errors when trying to read a CD), do the following:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Open OS/2 Window.
  4. Insert the diskette that came with your CD-ROM drive into drive A. (This
      diskette contains the CD-ROM device driver.)
  5. Type the following, pressing Enter after each:
      COPY A:*.ADD C:\OS2\
      COPY A:*.IFS C:\OS2\
      COPY A:*.DMD C:\OS2\
      where * represents the actual name of the file.
  6. Edit the C:\CONFIG.SYS file and press Enter (where c is the drive on which
      OS/2 is installed).
  7. Add the following statements to the CONFIG.SYS file (if not already
      there):
      DEVICE=C:\OS2\CDFS.IFS /Q
      IFS=C:\OS2\CDFS.IFS /Q
      BASEDEV=OS2CDROM.DMD
      BASEDEV=*.ADD
      where * represents the actual name of the .ADD file on the device driver
      diskette.
  8. If the following statement appears in the CONFIG.SYS file, change it from:
      DEVICE=C:\OS2\CDROM.SYS /Q /N:4
      to
      REM DEVICE=C:\OS2\CDROM.SYS /Q /N:4
  9. Shut down the system.
Problems with Sony, Mitsumi, or Hitachi** CD-ROM Drives
If you are using a Sony, Mitsumi, or Hitachi CD-ROM drive and cannot access it,
do the following:
  1. Copy the following files from Diskette 1 to the hard disk, as follows:
      COPY A:\OS2CDROM.DMD C:\OS2
      COPY A:\CDFS.IFS C:\OS2
  2. Edit your CONFIG.SYS file on the hard disk and add the following
      statements:
      DEVICE=C:\OS2\OS2CDROM.DMD /Q
      IFS=C:\OS2\CDFS.IFS /Q
  3. Shut down the system.
Problems with Sound Blaster CD-ROM Drives
If you are using a Sound Blaster CD-ROM drive with the device driver SBPCD2.SYS
and cannot access the drive, restart your system and do the following:
  1. Copy the following file from Diskette 1 to the hard disk, as follows:
      COPY A:\CDFS.IFS C:\OS2
  2. Edit your CONFIG.SYS file on the hard disk and add the following
      statement:
      IFS=C:\OS2\CDFS.IFS /Q
  3. Open OS/2 System.
  4. Open Selective Install from the System Setup folder.
  5. Select the icon next to CD-ROM Device Support on the System Configuration
      screen.
  6. Select OTHER from the bottom of the CD-ROM selection list; then select OK.
  7. When the selective installation is complete, edit the CONFIG.SYS file and
      delete the following line:
      DEVICE=C:\OS2\OS2CDROM.DMD /Q
  8. Shut down the system.
===Hard Disk Problems 221/2===
Following are solutions to problems you might have with hard disk drives after installing OS/2.  Also refer to Recovery Procedures.
Slow SCSI Support
After installation, you might experience slow SCSI support.  If this occurs,
make sure that the hard disk and the controller card are both set for the ASYNCH
mode or the SYNCH mode.
Problem with Quantum Hardcard or IDE Controller
Add the required switch settings (adapter number and IRQ level) to the
IBM1S506.ADD device driver statement in your CONFIG.SYS file. If you need
assistance with the switch settings or need a BIOS upgrade (for certain Quantum
Hardcards), contact a service representative at Quantum.
Hard Disk Controller Problem
  1. Determine the controller manufacturer, model number, and type.  Then,
      determine which device driver is installed for the controller (for
      example, FD7000EX.ADD).
  2. Verify that the installed device driver is the correct one.
  3. Verify that the BASEDEV= statements are correct in your CONFIG.SYS file.
      Verify that the correct device driver is listed in a BASEDEV= statement.
      Also, verify that the correct device driver is the only device driver
      listed for that controller.  For more information about BASEDEV=
      statements, refer to the Command Reference in the Information folder.
Cannot Set Up a Primary Partition
If you have more than two hard disk drives and you cannot set up a primary
partition on one of the hard disk drives, your BIOS could be preventing the
setup.
With OS/2, you can have a primary partition on two hard disk drives; however,
the BIOS in your computer determines which two hard disk drives can have
primary partitions.
Cannot Access Entire Hard Disk
Your hard disk drive has more than 1024 cylinders, and you cannot access the
entire drive space, the device driver for your controller might not support
more than 1024 cylinders.
If you have a non-IBM controller and device driver, contact the manufacturer of
the device driver to ask if your level of the driver supports more than 1024
cylinders.
===Desktop Problems 222/2===
Following are solutions to problems you might have with your Desktop after installing OS/2.
System Stops Working
The system stops and the keyboard and mouse do not respond.
  1. Press Ctrl+Esc or Alt+Esc and wait a few seconds to see if the system
      responds.
  2. Determine if you can move your mouse but cannot select any object when you
      press mouse button 1.
  3. Press the Caps Lock and Num Lock keys to see if their status lights come
      on.
  4. Record a description of what you were doing when the system stopped.  If
      any messages were displayed on the screen, be sure to record the message
      text and number.
  5. Refer to the Service and Support brochure in your OS/2 package for
      instructions about calling for additional assistance.
Missing Icons
After restarting your system, some of your Desktop icons might be missing.
Check the documentation for the hard drive and the controller card to ensure
that their settings are both set for the ASYNCH mode or the SYNCH mode.
Stacked Icons
If the objects on your Desktop appear to be stacked on each other, you can
refresh your Desktop:
  1. Position the mouse pointer on a blank area of the Desktop.
  2. Press mouse button 2.  A pop-up menu appears.
  3. Select Refresh.
  4. If your screen goes blank, press Alt+Esc to switch between programs and
      force the "repainting" of your screen.
DOS and Windows Programs Not Added to the Desktop
During the installation of OS/2, your existing DOS and Windows programs are
automatically added to your OS/2 Desktop. However, the installation program
might not find all programs (for example, programs located on remote servers).
If this happens, restart the system, then run the Add Programs to Desktop
utility program.  (Add Programs to Desktop is located in the System Setup
folder which is located in the OS/2 System folder.)
OS/2 2.x Programs Not Added to the Desktop
If you installed OS/2 on a system that already had OS/2 2.x installed on it and
your OS/2 2.x programs were not added to your Desktop, do the following:
  1. Turn on the computer.  If the computer is already on, press Ctrl+Alt+Del
      to restart it.
  2. When a small white box appears in the upper left-hand corner of your
      screen, press Alt+F1.
  3. When the Recovery Choices screen appears, press C.
  4. Delete the DESKTOP directory.
  5. Press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart your system.  The Desktop should be
      re-created.
  6. If the problem continues, re-create the INI files.  Follow the
      instructions in Rebuilding Your Desktop.
If you moved program groups off the Desktop and into a folder, you should move
them back on the Desktop before installing OS/2.  Otherwise, duplicate icons
could appear on the screen.  If you try to delete these icons, the original
icons will also be deleted.
Blank Desktop and Missing Objects
If the Desktop is blank, objects are missing, you cannot delete an object, or
you have another problem that involves objects, run the CHKDSK (check disk)
program until the results indicate there are no errors.  To run CHKDSK, do the
following:
  1. Insert the Installation Diskette in drive A. Press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart
      your system.
  2. When prompted, remove the Installation Diskette and insert Diskette 1.
  3. Press F3 in the Welcome screen to exit to the command prompt.
  4. Insert Diskette 2.
  5. Type: CHKDSK C: /F and press Enter (where: C: is the drive where OS/2 is
      installed).
For more information about CHKDSK, select Command Reference in the Information
folder.
Missing Objects in the OS/2 System Folder
Follow the instructions in Rebuilding Your Desktop.
Folders Open and Close Immediately
Follow the instructions in Recovering Archived System Files.
Missing, Empty, or Multiple Objects on Desktop
  o  The Desktop is missing objects or there is more than one icon for the same
      object.
  o  One or more Desktop folders are empty.
  o  After you shut down the computer and start it again, the objects on the
      Desktop are not displayed the same as when you shut down.
Recover the archived Desktop, using the procedure in Recovering Archived System
Files.
If that does not fix the problem, follow the instructions for Rebuilding Your
Desktop.
Object Cannot Be Deleted
If you cannot delete an object, do the following:
  1. Create a folder.
  2. Drag the object you want to delete to the new folder and drop it.
  3. Drag the new folder to the Shredder and drop it.
If you cannot shred the folder, do the following:
  1. At an OS/2 command prompt, type: CD DESKTOP and press Enter.
  2. After the DESKTOP directory opens, type: RD directory and press Enter.
      (Where: directory is replaced by the name of the directory (folder) that
      you want to delete.)
===Recovery Procedures 223/2+===
The procedures that follow provide information about recovering from Desktop
problems and system failures, including:
  o  A damaged, unusable, or unstartable desktop
  o  An invalid CONFIG.SYS file
  o  A damaged INI file
  o  Hard disk errors
  o  A forgotten lockup password
Note:  Backing up your system regularly might help you avoid having to
re-create files in the event of a system failure.
If your Desktop becomes damaged, unusable, or unstartable, you can recover in
two ways:
  o  Use the Archive/Recover utility program to restore your Desktop to a
      previously saved state
  o  Rebuild your existing Desktop
===Recovering Archived System Files 224/3===
OS/2 has the capability of archiving key system files as well as the DESKTOP
directory each time you start OS/2.  The default setting for this feature is
OFF.  (The Archive function can be turned ON via the Archive page of the Desktop
Settings notebook.)
When the Archive function is turned ON, the state of the key system files and
Desktop as they existed at the last three "starts" of OS/2 are saved.  Each time
you restart OS/2, the oldest set of archived system files is deleted and the
current system files are saved.  OS/2 also keeps a permanent archive of your
Desktop and key files as they existed when OS/2 was first installed, so you can
always restore your system to its original state.
To use archived system files, do the following:
  1. Turn on your computer.  If your computer is already on, perform a shut
      down, then press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart it.
  2. When a small white box appears in the upper-left corner of your screen
      (before the OS/2 logo screen appears), press Alt+F1.
  3. A screen appears, listing the three most recent archives.  Do one of the
      following:
        o  Type the number of the archive you want to use to restore your
          system.
        o  Type X to restore your system to its original state (as it was when
          you first installed OS/2).
        o  Type C to get an OS/2 command prompt (for example, if you want to
          edit your CONFIG.SYS file).
        o  Type V to reset your primary display to VGA (for example, if you
          think your Desktop is not damaged but cannot be seen because you need
          to reinstall your VGA device drivers).
===Recovery Choices during Restart 225/3+===
The Recovery Choices screen enables you to specify how the system is to restart
while a restart is in progress.  You can display the Recovery Choices screen
during restart by pressing Alt+F1 when a small white box appears in the upper
left-hand corner of your screen. If you want the system to display the Recovery
Choices screen each time it restarts, you can select Display Recovery Choices at
every system restart  on the Archive page of the Desktop Settings notebook.
The Recovery Choices screen allows you to:
  o  Select the set of archived system files that the system is to use to
      restart
  o  Continue using the original installation files to restart, and go to a
      command line
  o  Continue using the current system files to restart, and reset your primary
      display to VGA
  o  Restart your system using a customized CONFIG.SYS file that you have
      created
Each set of archived files appears on the Recovery Choices screen with the date
and time when the files were archived. The files are numbered 1, 2, 3 or, for
the original installation files, X.  Select the files that you want the system
to restart with by pressing 1, 2, 3, or X on your keyboard.  The system will
continue to restart using the set of archived files represented by the number
you pressed.
To go to a command line without changing the system files, press the C key on
your keyboard.
To reset your primary display to VGA, press the V key on your keyboard.
The character keys that you press can be uppercase or lowercase letters.
To restart your system using a customized version of the CONFIG.SYS file, enter
an alphabetic character that corresponds to the name of a CONFIG.SYS file that
you have created. Creating Your Own CONFIG.SYS Files describes how to create
and name your own customized version of CONFIG.SYS.  Displaying Your CONFIG.?
Choices on the Recovery Choices Screen describes how to display your customized
CONFIG.SYS choices on the Recovery Choices screen.
===Creating Your Own CONFIG.SYS Files 226/4===
In some cases, you need different CONFIG.SYS files to create environments that are specific to the kinds of work you are doing. For example, when you use a laptop computer with a docking station, you might want a CONFIG.SYS file that supports your laptop computer and one that supports your regular machine. You can create different versions of the CONFIG.SYS file, and, during restart, specify from the Recovery Choices screen which version the system is to use. You can also customize the Recovery Choices screen to display your customized CONFIG.SYS file choices.
The following steps describe how to create and use multiple CONFIG.SYS files. In these steps, ? is any unique single alphabetic character except: X, x, C, c, V, or v.  These steps use C as the root directory. If you installed OS/2 on adrive other than C, replace the C in the path name with your own root directory.
#Save a copy of the current CONFIG.SYS file.<br/>You can save a copy of the current CONFIG.SYS file by copying it to a diskette. Otherwise, you can copy the current CONFIG.SYS file to the C:\OS2\BOOT subdirectory, and rename it to CONFIG.?. If you copy and rename CONFIG.SYS, be sure to make a note of the new name and directory so you can restore it later.
#On the C:\OS2\BOOT subdirectory, create a file called CONFIG.? and customize it with the modifications that you need.
#Copy your customized CONFIG.? file to the current CONFIG.SYS file. There are two ways to copy your CONFIG.? file. You can enter the copy command at the OS/2 command prompt, or you can create an OS/2 batch file that will run during restart after the system processes C:\CONFIG.SYS.
#:a. Replacing Your CONFIG.SYS file with CONFIG.?
#::If you have only one customized CONFIG.? file, or if you do not plan to change between CONFIG.SYS and CONFIG.? often, you might choose to copy over CONFIG.SYS with your customized CONFIG.? file. Copying over C:\CONFIG.SYS with your customized CONFIG.? file replaces CONFIG.SYS in the root directory, and makes your customized file the default CONFIG.SYS file.
#::The command to copy your customized file to the current CONFIG.SYS file is: <tt>COPY C:\OS2\BOOT\CONFIG.? C:\CONFIG.SYS</tt>
#::Using your customized CONFIG.? file as the default file allows you to restart without selecting a CONFIG.? file at the Recovery Choices screen.
#::You can now restart your system. When you restart, the system will automatically use the file in the root directory named CONFIG.SYS.
#:b. Creating a Batch File to Replace CONFIG.SYS with CONFIG.?
#::If you have several customized CONFIG.SYS files, using the batch file allows you to specify the CONFIG.? you want to use without entering multiple copy commands. You can simply change the ? character in your batch file, and enter that character at the Recovery Choices screen.
#::Create a batch file on C:\OS2\BOOT, and name it ALTF1?.CMD, where ? is the character that you used in the name of your CONFIG.? file. Put the following COPY command in the batch file.
#::COPY C:\OS2\BOOT\CONFIG.? C:\CONFIG.SYS
#::Display the Recovery Choices screen by pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart your system and then pressing Alt+F1.
#::At the Recovery Choices screen, press the key for the ? single character in the name of the CONFIG.? file you want to use.
#::The system continues the restart using your customized CONFIG.? file.
Note:  If you enter a character from the Recovery Choices screen for which there is no corresponding ALTF1?.CMD batch file, the system will use the CONFIG.? file that corresponds to that character. If no CONFIG.? file corresponding to that character exists, the system will return to the Recovery Choices screen.
Example
The following example shows how to create a CONFIG.SYS file named CONFIG.A, and a batch file to copy it during restart. The system is installed on the C drive. Before you start, save a copy of your current CONFIG.SYS file.
1. Copy the system version of CONFIG.SYS into a new file called
CONFIG.A
COPY CONFIG.SYS C:\OS2\BOOT\CONFIG.A
2. Change to the C:\OS2\BOOT directory
CD OS2
CD BOOT
3. Edit CONFIG.A to customize it, and save your changes
E CONFIG.A
4. Edit a file called ALTF1A.CMD file
E ALTF1A.CMD
5. Put the following COPY command into ALTF1A.CMD, and save your changes
COPY C:\OS2\BOOT\CONFIG.A C:\CONFIG.SYS
6. Restart your system by pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del. Press Alt+F1 when the small white box appears in the upper left-hand corner of your screen.
7. When the Recovery Choices screen appears, press the letter A.
===Displaying Your CONFIG.? Choices on the Recovery Choices Screen  227/4===
You can customize your Recovery Choices screen to display the list of customized CONFIG.? files that you created.  Customizing the Recovery Choices screen will help you to remember which character to enter for a particular version of CONFIG.?, by displaying your selections.
To customize the Recovery Choices screen, edit the file
C:\OS2\BOOT\ALTF1BOT.SCR. (If you installed OS/2 on a drive other than C,
specify the drive on which OS/2 is installed.) You can add up to 6 lines of text
to the bottom of this file.
Each line that you add should represent a single CONFIG.? file that you created.
Each line should include the alphabetic character that identifies that CONFIG.?
file.  You might also want to include a brief, one-line description of when to
use that version of the CONFIG.? file.
For example, to display the option for the CONFIG.A file on the Recovery Choices
screen, you might add the following to the file C:\OS2\BOOT\ALTF1BOT.SCR:
A CONFIG.A (file for laptop computer)
===Rebuilding Your Desktop 228/3===
Use the following procedure if the Archive/Recover procedure did not restore your Desktop, this procedure will rebuild the Desktop by making new INI files.
#Turn on the computer. If the computer is already on, press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart it.
#When a small white box appears in the upper left-hand corner of your screen, press Alt+F1.
#When the Recovery Choices screen appears, press C.
#Change to the OS/2 directory on your hard disk. Type the following commands and press Enter after each:<br/><tt>C:<br/>CD\OS2</tt>
#Type the following commands and press Enter after each:<br/><tt>MAKEINI OS2.INI INI.RC<br/>MAKEINI OS2SYS.INI INISYS.RC</tt>
#Delete the hidden file, WP?ROOT.?SF, from the startable partition. Type the following commands and press Enter after each:<br/><tt>ATTRIB -h -s -r \WP?ROOT.?SF<br/>DEL \WP?ROOT.?SF</tt>
#Restart the system.
===Recovering the CONFIG.SYS File 229/3===
The CONFIG.SYS file contains command statements that are used to configure your system during startup.  If the file is changed incorrectly, you might not be able to restart the system or edit the file. (For example, some programs write information to the CONFIG.SYS file when they are installed. In some cases, this information can cause the CONFIG.SYS file to be unusable.) To recover the original version of the CONFIG.SYS file (as it was created when OS/2 was
installed), you can use the following procedure:
#Turn on the computer.  If the computer is already on, press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart it.
#When a small white box appears in the upper left-hand corner of your screen, press Alt+F1.
#When the Recovery Choices screen appears, press C.
#Type C: and press Enter (where C represents the drive on which your operating system resides).
#Rename the damaged CONFIG.SYS file. For example, type: <tt>REN CONFIG.SYS CONFIG.BAD</tt>
#Press Enter.
#Copy the backup version of the CONFIG.SYS file to the root directory of the drive where your operating system resides. (The CONFIG.SYS backup file was created during OS/2 installation).  Type: <tt>COPY C:\OS2\INSTALL\CONFIG.SYS C:\CONFIG.SYS</tt>
#Press Enter.
#Press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart your system.
As stated, this procedure reestablishes the original version of the CONFIG.SYS file (as it was created during OS/2 installation). If you made any changes to the CONFIG.SYS file after that time, you will have to edit the newly copied CONFIG.SYS file and add those changes.
===Recovering the User INI File 230/3===
The OS2.INI file, also referred to as the user INI file, is an operating system
startup file that contains system settings such as program defaults, display
options, and file options.  The OS2SYS.INI file, also referred to as the system
INI file, is an operating system file that contains information about installed
fonts and printer drivers.  If you receive a message that the OS2.INI file has
been "corrupted", replace both the OS2.INI file and the OS2SYS.INI file on your
hard disk.
Use the following procedure to replace these two files with versions containing
default values:
  1. Turn on the computer.  If the computer is already on, press Ctrl+Alt+Del
      to restart it.
  2. When a small white box appears in the upper left-hand corner of your
      screen, press Alt+F1.
  3. When the Recovery Choices screen appears, press C.
  4. Type C: and press Enter (where C represents the drive where your operating
      system resides).
  5. Type CD \OS2 and press Enter.
  6. Type ATTRIB -s -h -r OS2*.INI and press Enter.
  7. Type REN OS2.INI OS2.OLD and press Enter.
  8. Type MAKEINI OS2.INI INI.RC and press Enter.
  9. Type REN OS2SYS.INI OS2SYS.OLD and press Enter.
  10. Type MAKEINI OS2SYS.INI INISYS.RC and press Enter.
  11. Press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart your system.
You can protect your INI files by having them automatically backed up each time
you start your system.  For example, if you include the following statements in
your CONFIG.SYS file, a backup copy of your current INI files and a backup copy
of the INI files as they existed at the previous system startup will be made.
(Note that this example assumes that OS/2 is installed on drive C.  Use the
letter of the drive on which you have OS/2 installed.)
CALL=C:\OS2\XCOPY.EXE C:\OS2\*.INX C:\OS2\*.INY
CALL=C:\OS2\XCOPY.EXE C:\OS2\OS2*.INI C:\OS2\*.INX
By copying the INI files this way, you will always be able to recover a recent
version of these files in case the user INI file becomes damaged.
===Recovering from Errors on the Hard Disk 231/3===
The CHKDSK command with the parameter /F can be used to correct disk and
directory errors.  However, when you use the /F parameter, no activity can occur
on the disk.  Therefore, if you need to correct errors on the drive from which
you normally start OS/2, you must use the version of CHKDSK that is on the
installation diskettes (or installation CD) instead of the version that has been
installed on the hard disk.  You can also use the version of CHKDSK on the
installation diskettes or CD if the disk is in use or locked by another process.
To run CHKDSK /F using diskettes:
  1. Insert the Installation Diskette in drive A. Press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart
      your system.
  2. When prompted, remove the Installation Diskette and insert Diskette 1.
  3. Press F3 in the Welcome screen to exit to the command prompt.
  4. Insert Diskette 2.
  5. To correct the errors on your hard disk, type CHKDSK C: /F:2, then press
      Enter.  (Where: C: is the drive on which OS/2 is installed.)
  6. Remove the diskette from drive A.
  7. Press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart your system.
To run CHKDSK /F from a CD:
  1. Insert the Installation Diskette in drive A. Press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart
      your system.
  2. When prompted, remove the Installation Diskette and insert Diskette 1.
  3. Press F3 in the Welcome screen to exit to the command prompt.
  4. Insert the OS/2 CD into the CD-ROM drive and press Enter.
  5. Type E: (where E is your CD-ROM drive) and press Enter.
  6. Type CD\OS2IMAGE and press Enter.
  7. Type CD DISK_2 and press Enter.
  8. To correct the errors on your hard disk, type CHKDSK C: /F:2, then press
      Enter.  (Where: C: is the drive on which OS/2 is installed.)
  9. Press Enter.
Recovering Memory State Data    232/3
The process OS/2 uses to recover the state of memory at the time of a failure is
called a memory dump.  A memory dump is performed when a problem is difficult to
reproduce or other methods of problem determination do not identify the problem.
Memory dump information can then be analyzed by a team of technical experts and
determine the cause of the problem.
Important  Do not perform a memory dump unless your Service and Support Group
has recommended this action. :enote.
There are two types of memory dumps:
  o  Manual memory dump (used for system hangs and traps that cause the system
      to stop)
  o  Automatic memory dump (used for application programs, system traps, and
      internal processing errors)
A system memory dump can be placed on a FAT hard-disk partition or formatted
diskettes.
Different situations determine which type of memory dump is needed.  Refer to
the Service and Support brochure in your OS/2 package for instructions about
calling for additional assistance.
Using TRACE in CONFIG.SYS File
Before you create the memory dump diskettes, you must use the OS/2 Event
Tracing Service to capture a sequence of system events.  To enable system
event-tracing, add the following statements to your CONFIG.SYS file:
TRACEBUF=63
TRACE=ON
The default for TRACE=ON is to trace all static system events.
Restart your system to activate TRACE.  Also, turn on two dynamic trace points
as follows:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Open OS/2 Full Screen or OS/2 Window.
  4. Type the following at the command prompt:
      trace on kernel  (press Enter)
      trace on doscall1 (press Enter)
Performing the Memory Dump
If you are sending a memory dump to diskettes, you must use formatted
diskettes.  Generally, one 1.44MB diskette is used for each 2MB of RAM.  For
example, if you have a 16MB system, you will probably use eight 1.44MB
formatted diskettes.
If you are sending a memory dump to a hard disk, you must first create a FAT
partition labeled SADUMP and give it a size greater than the amount of physical
memory (RAM) in your system.  For example, if your system has 16MB of RAM, set
the size of the SADUMP partition to 17MB.
To run a memory dump, the Memory Dump facility must be started manually or
automatically as follows:
To start it manually:
Press and hold down the Ctrl and Alt keys, and then press the Num Lock key
twice.  After a few seconds, the screen clears; after a minute the system beeps
and one of the following messages is displayed:
When dumping to diskettes:
Insert a formatted diskette to commence dumping.
When dumping to a hard disk:
The memory dump is being performed.
The total amount of memory to be dumped is xxxx.
To start it automatically:
Type one of the following statements in your CONFIG.SYS file and restart your
system:
TRAPDUMP=OFF,drive letter:
TRAPDUMP=ON,drive letter:
TRAPDUMP=R0,drive letter:
where:
  o  TRAPDUMP=OFF,drive letter: indicates that no automatic dump is to be
      taken.  This is the default value; it is generally used when initiating a
      manual memory dump.
      If REIPL=ON is specified in the CONFIG.SYS file, the system will restart
      automatically and no dump will be taken when a system trap or internal
      processing error occurs.
  o  TRAPDUMP=ON,drive letter: specifies the drive to which system dump
      information is written for any access violations.  The system will restart
      after the TRAPDUMP process has completed.  The default drive is A if no
      drive is specified.
  o  TRAPDUMP=R0,drive letter: specifies the drive to which system dump
      information is written for system traps and internal processing errors.
      The system will restart after the TRAPDUMP process has completed.  The
      default drive is A if no drive is specified.
TRAPDUMP now initiates a memory dump, depending on which TRAPDUMP statement is
placed in the CONFIG.SYS file.
Warning: Setting TRAPDUMP to ON or R0 enables your system to automatically
initiate a memory dump.  Do not enable TRAPDUMP unless you need to troubleshoot
your system and have been instructed to do so by your technical coordinator.
Note:  If dumping to diskettes, complete steps 1 through 5.  If dumping to hard
disk, skip steps 1 through 5 and read step 6.
  1. When prompted, insert the diskette labeled Dump Diskette 1 and press any
      key to start the dump process.  The following message will be displayed:
      The memory dump is being performed...
  2. When the memory dump has completed or the current dump diskette is full,
      the following messages are displayed:
      The diskette is full.  Insert another formatted diskette in drive A.
      The storage address ranges on this diskette are:
      DUMPDATA.xxx      yyy - zzz
      Press any key to continue.
      where xxx is the dump diskette number, yyy is the beginning memory
      address, and zzz is the ending memory address on the disk.
      Note:  If you press Enter without changing the diskette, the system will
      prompt you once more before the dump process overwrites the contents of
      the current diskette in the drive. :enote.
  3. Insert the next dump diskette into drive A and press any key.  This action
      continues the dump process and displays the following message:
      The memory dump is being performed...
      Warning: Any data on the dump diskettes will be overwritten by the Memory
      Dump facility.
  4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the dumping is completed and the following
      message is displayed:
      Insert memory dump diskette number 1 to complete dump.
      The storage address ranges on this diskette are:
      DUMPDATA.xxx        yyy - zzz
      Press any key to continue.
  5. You must reinsert Dump Diskette 1 at this point to properly terminate the
      dump process.  The control program will write the dump summary record to
      Dump Diskette 1 and end the process.  After the process has ended, the
      following messages are displayed:
      The memory dump has completed.  Remove the dump diskette and restart the
      system.
  6. When a memory dump is initiated, the system begins writing the system
      memory to the dump partition.  When completed, the system restarts
      automatically.
Mailing the Dump Diskettes
Do not send dump diskettes unless instructed by the Service and Support Group.
Diskettes must be clearly labeled with the identification number (which is the
PMR number that is provided by the Service and Support Group) and your name.
Also, be sure to number the diskettes.
Send the dump diskettes to the address provided by the Service and Support
Group.  Refer to the Service and Support brochure in your OS/2 package for
instructions about calling for additional assistance.
Recovering from A Forgotten Password    233/3
If you forgot your lockup password, you must use the LOCK.RC file located in the
\OS2 directory to reconfigure the OS2.INI file.  To do this:
  1. Turn on the computer.
  2. When a small white box appears in the upper left-hand corner of your
      screen, press Alt+F1.
  3. When the Recovery Choices screen appears, press C.
  4. Change from drive A to the drive on which OS/2 is installed.  Type: C: and
      press Enter.
  5. Change to the OS2 directory.  Type CD \OS2 and press Enter.
  6. Type the following:
      MAKEINI OS2.INI LOCK.RC
  7. Press Enter.
  8. Restart the computer.
===Video Procedures    234/1+===
This chapter provides information to help you install and fine tune your OS/2
video.  It includes supported chip sets and resolutions, instructions for
changing video settings, plus specific procedures for SVGA, XGA, and LCD or
Monochrome Plasma displays.
Use the table of contents at the beginning of this chapter to locate the
information.
===Video Device Drivers for OS/2 235/2+===
OS/2 contains video device drivers that support the chip sets found on many system boards and display adapters.
The following table lists the supported chip sets and the video device driver that should be selected during installation.
===Non-Accelerated Video Device Drivers 236/3===
{|class="wikitable"
!MANUFACTURER||CHIP SET||VIDEO DEVICE DRIVER
|-
|ATI Technologies||ATI28800  256 color||ATI Technologies ATI28800
|-
|Cirrus Logic||CL-GD5422, CL-GD5424||Cirrus Logic
|-
|Headland Technologies||HT209  256 color||Headland Technologies HT209
|-
|IBM||IBM VGA  16 color||Video graphics adapter (VGA)
|-
|IBM||IBM VGA256C||IBM VGA256C
|-
|Trident Microsystems||TVGA8900B, TVGA8900C 256 color||Trident Microsystems TVGA8900
|-
|TSENG||ET4000||TSENG Laboratories ET4000
|-
|Western Digital||WD90C11, WD90C30, WD90C31 (in WD90C30 compatibility mode) 256 color||Western Digital WD90C11, C30, C31 (C30 mode only)
|-
|colspan=3|NOTE: Use the Selective Install icon to change the resolution and number of colors for non-accelerated video device drivers.
|}
===Accelerated Video Device Drivers 237/3===
{|class="wikitable"
!MANUFACTURER||CHIP SET||VIDEO DEVICE DRIVER
|-
|IBM||IBM 8514||Display Adapter 8514/A
|-
|IBM||IBM XGA||Extended graphic adapter (XGA)
|-
|S3 Corporation||S3 86C801, 86C805, 86C928||S3 86C801, 86C805, 86C928
|-
|S3 Corporation||S3 86C864||S3 864
|-
|Cirrus Logic||Cirrus Logic 5426, 5428, 5430, 5434||Cirrus Logic 5426, 5428, 5430, 5434
|-
|Western Digital||WD 90C24, 90C24A, 90C24A2, 90C31||WD 90C24 - 90C31
|-
|Western Digital||WD 90C33||WD 90C33
|-
|ATI Technology||MACH 32||ATI MACH 32
|-
|ATI Technology||MACH 64||ATI MACH 64
|-
|TSENG||ETW32, ETW32i, ETW32p||TSENG ET4000/W32, /W32i, /W32p
|-
|Weitek||Power 9000||Weitek Power 9000
|-
|colspan=3|NOTE:  Not all system boards and display adapters that use these chip sets are supported.  For more information about display adapter and chip set compatibility, select HELP from the Display Driver Install window in Selective Install or refer to the README file on the Installation Diskette.
These drivers will be installed in 640x480x256 colors by the OS/2 installation program. Use the system icon to change the resolution and number of colors if you are using any of the accelerated video device drivers except IBM 8514.
|}
===Supported Resolutions for Accelerated Drivers 238/3===
The resolutions that can be set for a particular display adapter, are dependent on the:
* Specific display adapter being used
* Graphics accelerator chip set on the adapter
* Video device driver being used
* Amount of video memory on the adapter
The video device drivers shipped with OS/2 (see the previous table) support the following resolutions and number of colors.  Not all of the device drivers support all of the resolutions.  For more information about the resolutions supported by each adapter and device driver, select Help from the Display Driver Install window in Selective Install or refer to the README file on the Installation Diskette.
3 RESOLUTIONS    3 NUMBER OF      3 VIDEO MEMORY    3 NOTE
3                3 COLORS          3 REQUIRED
3 640 x 480      3 256            3 1MB
3 800 x 600      3 256            3 1MB            3
3 1024 x 768      3 256            3 1MB            3
3 1280 x 1200    3 256            3 2MB            3
3 1600 x 1200    3 256            3 4MB            3
3 640 x 480      3 65,536          3 1MB            3
3 800 x 600      3 65,536          3 1MB            3
3 1024 x 768      3 65,536          3 2MB            3
3 1280 x 1024    3 65,536          3 4MB            3 2
3 640 x 480      3 16,777,216      3 1MB or 2MB      3 1,3
3 800 x 600      3 16,777,216      3 2MB            3 1,4,6
3 1024 x 768      3 16,777,216      3 4MB            3 1
3 1280 x 1024    3 16,777,216      3 4MB            3 1,2
3 1360 x 1024    3 16              3 1MB            3 5
3 NOTE:
3
3 1.  The Western Digital device drivers do not support
3    16,777,216 colors.
3 2.  Most adapter/chip set combinations do not support
3    these resolutions and colors.
3 3.  The amount of video memory required for this resol-
3    ution is dependent on the display adapter and the
3    video device driver installed.
3 4.  Display adapters with the TSENG W32p Rev A chip set
3    do not support this resolution.
3 5.  This resolution is supported only for XGA-2.
3 6.  Cirrus adapters require more than 2MB of video memory
3    for this resolution.
===Installing a Video Device Driver 239/2===
All display adapters must tailor their output to the capabilities of the display
attached to the system.  Unfortunately, there is no standard for communicating
the capabilities of the display to the display adapter.  The result is that many
display adapters supply a program to define and select the type of display
attached to the system.  OS/2 responds to this situation by permitting the DOS
display selection utilities provided by the manufacturers to be used to properly
configure the system.  OS/2 then configures the system in the same manner each
time your computer is started.
If no display is specified, many display adapters make an assumption about the
type of display attached to the system.  This default setting is designed to
work with the widest range of displays possible; therefore, it is the safest
choice.
During this installation procedure, you will be asked to make a decision about
whether you want to use the defaults for your display type, or use the display
adapter utility program provided by the manufacturer of the adapter.  You should
use the utility program provided by the manufacturer if any of the following
apply:
  o  Your display adapter is produced by Diamond Computer Systems, Inc..
  o  Your display supports non-interlaced operation only.
  o  Your display does not support VESA standard refresh rates.
  o  Your display adapter requires software configuration to function properly
      in DOS.
  o  You want to configure your system to take advantage of the full refresh
      capabilities of your display.
Note:  Using the utility program provided by the manufacturer requires exact
knowledge about the capabilities of your display.  If the wrong display type is
selected, your system might not start.
If you have an SVGA adapter in your system, you must restore it to work in VGA
mode before you can use the following instructions to install a different
adapter in your system.  See Preparing to Switch to a Different Display Adapter
for instructions.
To install a new display adapter or video device driver:
  1. Install the display adapter using the manufacturer's instructions.
  2. Restart your system.
  3. Open OS/2 System.
  4. Open System Setup.
  5. Open Selective Install.
  6. Select Primary Display or Secondary Display from the System Configuration
      window.
      Note:  A secondary display is used for only DOS and full-screen sessions.
      Even if two displays are attached to the system only one is active at a
      time.
  7. Select the display driver that you want from the list provided.  (If you
      are unsure of which driver to choose, select Help.)
  8. Select OK.
  9. Follow the instructions on the screen.
===Video Settings 240/2===
To change video settings for a program:
  1. Point to the program icon.
  2. Click mouse button 2.
  3. Select Settings.
  4. Select the Session tab.
  5. Select the DOS settings or WIN-OS/2 push button.
  6. Change the settings (See the online documentation for detailed a
      explanation of these settings).
  7. Select the Save push button.
  8. Close the Settings notebook.
===SVGA Procedures 241/2+===
The following procedures provide instructions for enabling and disabling SVGA
after OS/2 is installed.
===Enabling SVGA in WIN-OS/2 Full-Screen Sessions 242/3===
You can enable WIN-OS/2 full-screen sessions to run in high-resolution (1024 x 768) mode while the OS/2 Desktop runs in VGA mode.
To enable WIN-OS/2 full-screen sessions for SVGA:
Note:  Follow the instructions very carefully.  Otherwise, you could cause your WIN-OS/2 sessions to become inoperable.
  1. Use Selective Install to install VGA (640 x 480) support for OS/2.
  2. Back up the SYSTEM.INI and WIN.INI files as follows:
        a. Open OS/2 System.
        b. Open Command Prompts.
        c. Open OS/2 Full Screen.
        d. At the C prompt, do the following:
            o  Type: CD\OS2\MDOS\WINOS2 and press Enter.
            o  Type: COPY WIN.INI WIN.BAK and press Enter.
            o  Type: COPY SYSTEM.INI SYSTEM.BAK and press Enter.
  3. Check the OS2\MDOS\WINOS2\SYSTEM directory for the desired high-resolution
      display device driver.
        o  If the device driver is already on the system, go to step 4.
        o  If the device driver is not found, use your OS/2 or Windows
          installation disk to copy the driver to the \OS2\MDOS\WINOS2\SYSTEM
          directory.
          For example, to use the OS/2 diskettes and install the 8514.DRV
          high-resolution device driver:
            a. Search the OS/2 installation diskettes for the WIN8514 and
                *F.FON files and then do the following:
                  -  DIR A:WIN8514 and press Enter
                  -  DIR A:*F.FON and press Enter
                    After you find the files, you have to unpack them.  The
                    files are packed with their standard target directory coded
                    into the packed file.
            b. Copy the file to the system disk in the proper directory, using
                the UNPACK utility program:
                  -  Type UNPACK A:WIN8514 and press Enter.
                  -  Type UNPACK A:*F.FON and press Enter.
                    The SVGA driver and font files are now unpacked and in the
                    correct directory.
  4. Edit the SYSTEM.INI file and find the following line:
      FDISPLAY.DRV=VGA.DRV
      This line specifies the device driver used in WIN-OS/2 full-screen
      sessions.
      Note:  DISPLAY.DRV is the driver used for Microsoft Windows. FDISPLAY.DRV
      is the driver used for WIN-OS/2 full-screen sessions. SDISPLAY.DRV is the
      driver used for WIN-OS/2 windowed sessions.
  5. Change this line to point to the high-resolution device driver that was
      unloaded in the steps above.  In this example, the device driver is
      8514.DRV.
      Note:  To install a different driver, substitute the name of your driver
      in the statement: FDISPLAY.DRV=8514.DRV
      The modified line should look like the following:
      FDISPLAY.DRV=8514.DRV
  6. Change the SYSTEM.INI font entries:
        o  In SYSTEM.INI, these entries are:
          FIXEDFON.FON=VGAFIX.FON
          OEMFONTS.FON=VGAOEM.FON
          FONTS.FON=VGASYS.FON
        o  For 8514/A, these entries must be changed to:
          FIXEDFON.FON=8514FIX.FON
          OEMFONTS.FON=8514OEM.FON
          FONTS.FON=8514SYS.FON
        o  Save the changes to the SYSTEM.INI file.
  7. Change the WIN.INI font entries
        o  In WIN.INI, the entries are:
          SYMBOL 8,10,12,14,18,24 (VGA RES)=SYMBOLE.FON
          MS SANS SERIF 8,10,12,14,18,24 (VGA RES)=SSERIFE.FON
          MS SERIF 8,10,12,14,18,24 (VGA RES)=SERIFE.FON
          SMALL FONTS (VGA RES)=SMALLE.FON
          COURIER 10,12,15 (VGA RES)=COURE.FON
        o  For 8514/A, these entries must be changed to:
          SYMBOL 8,10,12,14,18,24 (8514 RES)=SYMBOLG.FON
          MS SANS SERIF 8,10,12,14,18,24 (8514 RES)=SSERIFG.FON
          MS SERIF 8,10,12,14,18,24 (8514 RES)=SERIFG.FON
          SMALL FONTS (8514 RES)=SMALLG.FON
          COURIER 10,12,15 (8514 RES)=COURG.FON
        o  Save the changes to the SYSTEM.INI file.
The system is ready to run Windows programs in WIN-OS/2 full-screen sessions high-resolution mode.
===Preparing to Switch to a Different Display Adapter 243/3===
Because SVGA adapters are only compatible at the VGA level, the system must be restored to VGA in order to safely install a different display adapter.
To set your system back to VGA:
  1. Turn on the computer.  If the computer is already on, press Ctrl+Alt+Del
      to restart it.
  2. When a small white box appears in the upper left-hand corner of your
      screen, press Alt+F1.
  3. When the Recovery Choices screen appears, press V.
Your display adapter is restored and can work in VGA mode.  If you want to install a new display adapter or video device driver, complete the steps under Installing a Video Device Driver.
===Recovering from an Incorrect Display Type Selection 244/3===
If you performed the steps in Installing a Video Device Driver and selected an incorrect display driver you can recover by restoring to VGA mode.
To restore to VGA mode:
  1. Turn on the computer.  If the computer is already on, press Ctrl+Alt+Del
      to restart it.
  2. When a small white box appears in the upper left-hand corner of your
      screen, press Alt+F1.
  3. When the Recovery Choices screen appears, press V.
  4. Use Selective Install to install support for another high-resolution
      display adapter.  See Installing a Video Device Driver for instructions.
===Capturing the Display Configuration 245/3===
SVGA display and video mode configuration under OS/2 is controlled by the SVGADATA.PMI file.  This file can be provided by the display adapter manufacturer or created using the SVGA utility program.
The SVGA utility program gets information from the SVGA chip set to set each video mode and captures the current state of the display adapter. This information is stored in the SVGADATA.PMI file and used when the system is started.
Both the SVGA.EXE and SVGADATA.PMI are located in the \OS2 directory.
To create the SVGADATA.PMI file, type one of the following commands at a DOS
command prompt and press Enter.
SVGA ON          Generates the SVGADATA.PMI file which enables OS/2 SVGA
                  support.
SVGA ON DOS      Generates PMI information when executed outside the OS/2 DOS
                  environment.  This generates an SVGADATA.DOS file that can be
                  renamed to .PMI and copied to the \OS2 directory.  This entry
                  might be required if your SVGA adapter uses DOS device
                  drivers to configure the display. Trident** adapters are an
                  example.
SVGA ON INIT      Generates default display information for some TSENG** and
                  Cirrus Logic** based display adapters.
SVGA OFF          Deletes the SVGADATA.PMI file, disabling OS/2 SVGA support.
SVGA STATUS      Returns your graphics chipset, as it appears to OS/2.
Note:  The SVGA utility program might be affected by video configuration
programs, Terminate Stay Resident programs (TSR), and switches and jumpers on
the display adapter.  Configure your video adapter properly before using the
SVGA utility program to create the SVGADATA.PMI file.
===Switching to a Display with Less Capability 246/3===
Switching to a lower capability display after installing high-resolution (SVGA) drivers might cause the system to start out of synchronization.  Follow this procedure to switch to a display with less capability:
  1. Open DOS Full-Screen command prompt.
  2. Run the DOS display configuration utility program supplied with your SVGA
      adapter to properly configure your display adapter and display.
  3. Change to the \OS2 directory on your hard disk.
  4. Type SVGA ON.
  5. Press Enter to start the SVGA utility program.  This utility program saves
      the current state of your video configuration.
  6. Shut down your system.
  7. Restart your system to enable the new display.
Note:  You can also use these instructions if you start a specific version of DOS.  Substitute the following step for step 4.  Type SVGA ON DOS and press Enter.  When the SVGA utility program finishes, type:
RENAME\OS2\SVGADATA.DOS \OS2\SVGADATA.PMI
Press Enter.
===XGA Procedures 247/2+===
The following information relates to specific situations with high-resolution XGA displays.
===XGA-2 Display Type Override 248/3===
To correctly operate your display, OS/2 needs to determine the type and characteristics of the device by using a display identification number.  Some displays have the same identification number but different characteristics.  If OS/2 does not operate your display at the correct refresh rate or display mode, and you are running an XGA-2 adapter, do the following:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open System.  The System Settings notebook appears.
  4. Select page 2 of the Screen page.  (You can go to page 2 by selecting the
      right arrow in the lower-right corner of the notebook.)
  5. Select the appropriate display type using the list provided.
      Note:  If an incorrect display type is selected, your display might be
      unusable after you restart your system.
  6. Close the Settings notebook.
===Recovering from an Incorrect Display Type Selection 249/3===
If you performed the steps in XGA-2 Display Type Override and your display is not usable, you can revert back to the previous display type.  To erase the display type override information:
1. Turn on the computer.  If the computer is already on, press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart it.
2. When a small white box appears in the upper left-hand corner of your screen, press Alt+F1.
3. When the Recovery Choices screen appears, press C.
4. Change to the C:\XGA$DMQS directory and delete the XGASETUP.PRO file.
    This erases all override information from your system.
5. Remove the diskette and restart your system by pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del.
    Your display now operates using its default settings.
Note: If you plan to change or replace your display, first delete the file XGASETUP.PRO from the XGA$DMQS directory and then turn off the system. If your new display does not operate correctly, repeat the preceding procedure.
===Changing Screen Resolution and Number of Colors 250/3===
Note: You cannot use this procedure if you are using the VGA, 8514, or SVGA driver.
To change the screen resolution or number of colors:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open System.
  4. Select the desired resolution and number of colors from the list.
  5. Close the Settings notebook.
  6. Shut down and restart your system to make the new resolution and number of
      colors operational.
Note: The Microsoft Windows XGA full-screen driver does not support all the graphic modes handled by the OS/2 PM XGA driver. The full-screen Windows driver does not support 1024 x 768 x 16 color. If this mode is selected, the OS/2 Desktop will run at 1024 x 768 x 16 color, but the Windows full screen will operate in 1024 x 768 x 256 color mode.
===Laptop LCD or Monochrome Plasma Displays 251/2===
Laptop LCDs and computers with monochrome plasma displays use 16 shades of gray and operate like VGA displays.
Note:  If you run VGA DOS graphics programs on the OS/2 Desktop and your system does not have VGA support, your Desktop might be corrupted.
You can optimize the color scheme for gray-scale usage, and also provide a good set of colors for a VGA Desktop presentation on a laptop LCD or monochrome plasma display. To change the color scheme and create a more readable display image:
1. Use your Reference Diskette or hardware Setup program to set your hardware
    to VGA color, if possible.
2. Open OS/2 System.
3. Open System Setup.
4. Open Scheme Palette.
5. Select the monochrome scheme in the right-hand column.
6. Close the Scheme Palette.


==Appendix A==
==Appendix A==

Revision as of 11:15, 29 January 2018

Reprint Courtesy of International Business Machines Corporation, © International Business Machines Corporation

continues...

Using Pop-up Menus

Now that you know a little bit about the objects on the Desktop, you should also know that each object has its own menu known as a pop-up menu. Pop-up menus contain items that relate specifically to an object as well as items that are common to all objects. Some of the standard pop-up menu items include:

Open
Opens an object or folder and displays its contents, starts a program, or displays a data file. Selecting Open is the same as double-clicking on an object. Some items have an arrow to the right of Open that lets you choose how you want your icons to be displayed. You have three choices:
Icon View Displays the icons randomly within the folder.
Tree View Displays the objects in a hierarchy.
Details View Displays the properties of the objects (for example, the date and time the object was created, the full name of the object, and any other special attributes associated with the object).
Settings Opens the Settings notebook for the object. The Settings notebook looks like a book with tabs and enables you to view and change the current settings for the object.
Help Displays general help information about the object. Select the arrow to the right of Help to display a list of the types of help available for the object.
Help Index Displays an alphabetic list of available help topics for the active program.
General Help Displays help information about the active window. This is the same information you would see if you were to select Help from the pop-up menu or press the F1 key while the open window is active.
Using Help Explains all the ways you can get help for objects on the Desktop.
Keys Help Explains the different groups of keys you can use with OS/2.
     When you select a specific group, additional help is displayed with a list
     of the keys provided for the group.
Create another Lets you create another object from the pop-up menu and works
the same as if you were to drag a template from the Templates folder.
Copy Makes a duplicate of the selected object and its contents.
Move Lets you move an object to a new location anywhere on the Desktop.
Create shadow Creates a duplicate of an object but differs from a copy in that
it automatically exchanges data between the shadow and the original object.
When you make changes in the shadow object, the original object is updated with
the same data.
Pickup and Drop Enables you to move an object and perform other tasks before
you drop the object in its new location.  Drop will not be displayed on the
pop-up menu until you have selected Pickup.
Window Displays additional menu items that enable you to manage the size and
location of the window and close the open window.
Find Helps you locate any object in the system.
Arrange and Undo Arrange Organizes the objects on the Desktop or the open
active window in horizontal rows across the top of the screen.  Undo Arrange
places the objects in the location where they were before you selected Arrange.
 Undo Arrange will not be displayed on the pop-up menu until you have selected
Arrange.
Try It!
The Desktop has its own pop-up menu, and each object has its own pop-up menu.
To display the pop-up menu for the Desktop, try the following: c.
  1. Move the mouse pointer to an empty area on the Desktop.
  2. Press mouse button 2 to display the Desktop pop-up menu.
     Look at the menu items on the pop-up menu.  The Desktop pop-up menu
     contains items that no other pop-up menu has - Lockup now, Shut down, and
     System Setup.
To display the pop-up menu for an object, try the following.  In this example,
you will display the pop-up menu for the OS/2 System object. c.
  1. Move the mouse pointer to OS/2 System.
  2. Press mouse button 2 to display the pop-up menu for the object.
     Notice that some of the items on the pop-up menu for the object are
     different from those you saw on the Desktop pop-up. Each object has menu
     items that are exclusive to that object.

For more information about pop-up menus, select the menus topic in the Master Help Index, and then select any of the topics of interest to you.

Using Settings Notebooks

Each object has its own Settings notebook. The Settings notebook enables you to customize settings for each object. Just as the pop-up menus for an object have exclusive and common menu items, the Settings notebooks have exclusive settings pages. Some of the standard settings pages are as follows:

View
Use the View page to select how icons and their text are displayed.
Include
Use the Include page to include objects that you want in your folder and exclude objects you don't want in your folder.
Sort
Use the Sort page to determine the menu items listed when you select the arrow to the right of Sort in the pop-up menu. You determine how you want the objects in folders sorted by selecting the items from the pop-up menu.
Background
Use the Background page to select an image or color to display in the background of any open folder, including the Desktop. You can select a different image or color for each and every folder on the Desktop.
Menu
Use the menu page to customize your pop-up menu items. You can add, delete, or change the items on the pop-up menu or the cascaded menu that is displayed when you select the arrow to the right of a menu item.
File
Use the File page to view the file name and path of a file object. You can also define the object as a work area object. A work-area folder lets you put together objects that are related to a specific task. For more information about the Files page, select files topic from the Master Help Index and then select File information about objects. For more information about work-area folders, select the folders topic from the Master Help Index and then select Creating a work-area folder.
Window
Use the Window page to customize the window behavior for each object on the Desktop. Window behavior includes how and where you want your object to be minimized, how you want the window to open, and which button (hide or minimize) you want to appear on the window. every time you double-click on it.
General
Use the General page to change the name or the icon displayed for the folder currently selected or open.

There are additional settings pages available, but the pages listed above are some of the most common. You can get help for settings pages by selecting the Help push button, which is available on every page. Try It!

Use the following procedure as a guide to displaying the Settings notebook for an object:

  1. Move the mouse pointer to OS/2 System.
  2. Press mouse button 2 to display the pop-up menu for the object.
  3. Select Settings to display the Settings notebook for the object.
     Notice that each page is identified by a tab on the right side of the
     notebook.
  4. Select the Window tab to display the Window page.
     Look at the bottom of the page.  You will see Window - Page 1 of 2, which
     lets you know that there is more than one page associated with the Window
     tab.
  5. Click on the right arrow at the bottom of the page to display page 2 for
     the Window tab.
     Some of the tabs in the notebooks can have up to 3 or 4 pages with which
     they are associated.  Simply select the right arrow to move forward
     through the pages and the left arrow to move backward through the pages.
     You can also use the arrows instead of the tabs to page through the
     notebooks.
  6. Double-click on the title-bar icon to close the notebook.

When you make changes to the Settings notebook, the changes take effect immediately after you close the notebook.

Finding Information

OS/2 provides plenty of information online, in the form of help information and books, that you can use as you are working.

Getting Help

Help information is available for every object on the Desktop, every menu item on pop-up and pull-down menus, and every place you see a Help push button. Try It! If you want to learn how to use the online help functions, be sure the Using OS/2 tutorial is displayed. Then use the following procedure:

  1. Select the About Help push button.
  2. Review the panels about OS/2 Help.
  3. Read the instructions on the right side of the window and in the
     information box.
  4. Select the Practice push button to try it out.

Return to this book when you are finished.

F1 Help

F1 help provides information about objects, pop-up menu items, entry fields, and push buttons. You use the F1 help by selecting or highlighting an item and pressing the F1 key on your keyboard. Try It! To get F1 help for each item on a pop-up menu, try the following:

  1. Click on the down arrow icon in the upper-left corner of the tutorial
     window. The title-bar icon menu for the OS/2 tutorial is displayed.
  2. Press the Down Arrow key on your keyboard and watch the focus box move
     from menu item to menu item.  Try this several times and stop at the Close
     menu item.
  3. Now press the F1 key on your keyboard.
     A helpful explanation about why you might want to use this menu item is
     displayed.
  4. Double-click on the title-bar icon in the upper-left corner of the help
     window, next to Help for Close, to close the help window.
Return to this book when you are finished.

Help Push Button 32/4

Another way to get help is to use the Help push button available on most of the object pop-up menus and notebook pages. These Help push buttons let you work with the object while you learn how to use it. Try It! To learn how to use the Help push buttons, try the following:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Solid Color Palette.
  4. Click on the Edit Color push button.
  5. When the Edit Color window is displayed, move it to the left side of the
     screen to make room for the help panel.
  6. Click on the Help push button.
  7. Read the information provided in the help window.  Notice the highlighted
     words within the help text.  These words indicate that additional
     information is available.
     You can use the Edit Color window while the Help information is displayed.
  8. When you are finished reading the help information, you can close the help
     window by double-clicking on the title-bar icon in the upper-left corner
     of the help window.
Another way to get help is by using an online book called the Master Help
Index.  For more information refer to "Mastering the Master Help Index" in Part
3 of this book.

Viewing Information Online 33/3+

When you installed OS/2, online information and books were added to the Information folder. These books and information describe information about printing in OS/2, using Windows programs in OS/2, program and performance considerations, using OS/2 multimedia programs, a book that identifies trademarks used in the online information, a glossary of terms and the Master Help Index, which is your main online help resource. The following books are in the Information folder.

Master Help Index 34/4

The Master Help Index provides help for practically everything you want to know about using OS/2. It is set up like a dictionary that has tabs. These tabs can help you find topics quickly. After you select a tab, use the scroll bar to page down to the topic you are looking for. You will sometimes find that after you select a topic, a secondary list of topics is displayed. This list of topics is related to the topic you selected. Try It!

To learn about the Master Help Index:

  1. Select the About Help push button.
  2. Select the Using the Master Help Index topic.
  3. Read the instructions on the right side of the window and in the information box.
  4. Select the Practice push button to try it out.

Hint:

You can use the keys on your keyboard to move to sections in the index. Simply press the key that corresponds to the first letter of the topic, and the entries that start with that letter will be displayed.

For more information refer to "Mastering the Master Help Index" in Part 3 of this book.

Command Reference 35/4

If you are familiar with using a command line or you want to learn how to use one, you will find the online Command Reference to be very helpful. This book contains descriptions of all the commands you can use at an OS/2 command prompt.

You might already be familiar with some of the commands because some are actually identical to those you have used with DOS. Some of the commands are new and some contain additional parameters specific for use with OS/2. For more information about command lines, see "Using Command Prompts" in Part 3 of this book. Try It!

To learn how to use the Command Reference, review the "Using the Command Reference" topic located in the About Help section of the tutorial. When you are finished, close the tutorial and try the following steps:

  1. Open the Information folder.
  2. Open the Command Reference.
  3. Select the + sign next to OS/2 Commands By Name to display all the OS/2 commands.
  4. Open the command for which you want information.

Note: You might see + signs next to some of the commands in the list. The + signs indicate that additional information pertaining to these commands is available. Click on the + sign to view the additional topics.

Glossary

The Glossary provides definitions for terms used in the OS/2 information. The Glossary looks like a dictionary and can be used in the same way the Master Help Index is used. You can use the tutorial to find out more about the Glossary.

REXX Information

This book provides information to acquaint you with the REXX language and programming concepts.

Windows Programs in OS/2

This book provides information about using OS/2 and Windows programs together under OS/2.

Application Considerations

This book provides information about the settings or tasks you need to perform to enable certain programs to run under OS/2.

Performance Considerations

This book provides information about how to improve the performance of your system, memory management, model-specific computer problems, and COM ports.

Printing in OS/2

This book provides information for everything you want to know about printing in OS/2-from installing a printer to solving printer problems.

Multimedia

This book provides information pertaining to the multimedia programs available with OS/2.

Trademarks

This book provides trademark information for trademarks mentioned in the online books and online help information.

Using the LaunchPad

The LaunchPad holds the objects and push buttons that you use most often. Some of the most commonly used objects are already on the LaunchPad.

Using LaunchPad Push Buttons

The push buttons at the left side of the LaunchPad let you secure your computer while you are away, shut down your computer when you are done working for the day, locate things on the Desktop, and display a list of all the windows you have open on the Desktop. The following describes the push buttons on the LaunchPad.

Lockup Push Button

You can use Lockup to lock up your computer keyboard and display at any time. By locking up your computer, you can keep others from using your computer while you are away. Try It! To lock up your computer, you must first decide on a password. Your password can be from 1 to 15 characters long. Think of a password now, write it down, and put it in a safe place. Then try the following:

  1. Select the Lockup push button on the left side of the LaunchPad.
  2. Read the text in the window and type your password in the Password field next to the blinking cursor.
  3. Press the Enter key on your keyboard and the cursor will start blinking in the Password (for verification) field.
  4. Type the same password again to verify that you entered the password correctly.
  5. Select the OK push button.
  6. Select the Lockup push button on the LaunchPad. The OS/2 Logo screen is displayed and a Help push button is available at the bottom right side of the screen.
  7. Type your password, and then press Enter. You will return to the Desktop.

Note: After you have specified your password, your screen will automatically lock up within three minutes if there is no action being performed on the Desktop. Realize that it is very important to be sure to:

 REMEMBER YOUR PASSWORD!

After you have decided upon a password and entered it into the Password window, you will not see the password window again unless you decide at some later time that you want to change your password. Now, whenever you select Lockup on the LaunchPad, your computer will be automatically locked up. To change your password, or any of the other settings associated with the Lockup push button, you must use the settings menu choice in the Desktop pop-up menu. Try It! To see the Lockup settings available and to change your password, try the following:

  1. Using mouse button 2, click on an open area on the Desktop. The Desktop pop-up menu is displayed.
  2. Select Settings to display the Settings notebook for the Desktop.
  3. Select the Lockup tab.
    Notice that the Lockup tab has three pages associated with it. The bottom right corner of the page is labeled Lockup - Page 1 of 3. The page currently displayed is the Timeout page. Use this page to change the current settings for how much time you want to pass before the computer automatically locks up. Timeout is set for 3 minutes by default. The second page enables you to decide what graphics or colors you want to be displayed while your computer is locked up. The Lockup screen is set to display the OS/2 Logo screen by default. The screen is displayed in the Preview area of the page. Page 3 is the page you use to change your current password.
  4. Move the mouse pointer to the right arrow and select it until the Password Page in the notebook is displayed.
  5. Type your new password in the Password field and then again in the Password (for verification) field. If you need help, select the Help push button.
  6. Select OK.

Remember to lock up your computer when you are away to prevent someone from using it.

Find Push Button

The Find push button helps you locate objects in the system. If you can't remember where to find your favorite game, you can use the Find option to help you locate it.

Try It!

To learn how to use Find, try the following:

  1. Select Find on the LaunchPad. The Find Objects window is displayed.
  2. Select the Help push button at the bottom of the window.
  3. Read the information about how to use Find. Be sure to read through to the end of the help information, where you can find a list of the fields available on the Find Objects window. You can double-click on the highlighted items to display additional information about how to use these fields. Be sure to select the Previous push button at the bottom of the help window to return to the original help information for Find.
  4. Double-click on the title-bar icon in the help window when you are finished using the help information. This will close the help window.

Window List Push Button

You can use the Window List push button to help you locate open objects, reopen minimized windows, or close open windows. Try It! To learn about the Window List, try the following:

  1. Select the Window List push button.
    A list of open active windows is displayed. The Desktop is the first window in the list. The list also includes the LaunchPad and any other active objects or folders you might have already opened.
  2. Select the title-bar icon located in the upper-left corner of the window.
  3. Select the arrow to the right of Help.
  4. Select General Help.
  5. Read the information in the help window to learn more about the Window List and how to use it.

Shut Down Push Button

After you have given OS/2 its daily workout, you must take care and remember to shut down your computer. Shut down is the cool-down exercise for this powerful operating system. When you shut down your computer, information about which windows are open and where they are located on the Desktop is saved in the storage buffer on your hard disk. When you select Shut down, you will see a window asking if you are ready to shut down. Simply select the OK push button and you will be on your way to performing a successful shutdown. Remember to use the Shut down option when you are finished working for the day. Note: Be sure to check all programs for unsaved information (such as data files you might be editing) before you start the shutdown procedure. Note: Never turn off the power on your computer until you have completed a shutdown.

Using Objects on the LaunchPad

The objects on the right side of the LaunchPad are shadows of objects that already exist elsewhere in OS/2. A shadow object is linked to the original object but it can reside in a different location on the Desktop. The purpose of a shadow object is to allow you to use an object from the Desktop whether or not it is located on drive C. When you make a change to the shadow, the change also occurs in the original. By creating a shadow of the original object instead of creating a copy, you can save space on your hard disk and still use the functions of the object. The following are the objects on the LaunchPad:

Drive A Object

The Drive A object gives you access to the information provided on a diskette you insert into the diskette drive slot on your computer. When you select the drawer button for the Drive A object, you will see that it contains the Drive C object (if Drive C is the drive where you installed OS/2). This object gives you access to the contents of Drive C in your computer. For more information about accessing drives, see "Using Drives" in Part 3 of this book.

OS/2 Window Object

The OS/2 Window object gives you access to an OS/2 command prompt in a window on the Desktop. You can use the OS/2 command prompt in much the same way as a DOS command prompt - by typing a command at the command prompt. When you select the drawer button for the OS/2 Window object, you will see that it contains the DOS Window object. The DOS Window object provides you access to a DOS command prompt in a window on the Desktop. Here you can use the DOS commands with which you are already familiar. For more information about using a command prompt, refer to the online Command Reference, or the "Using Command Prompts" in Part 3 of this book.

Using OS/2 Object

The Using OS/2 object gives you instant access to the OS/2 tutorial. Use the tutorial to learn something new, to refresh your memory about how to do something, or to experience hands-on practice using OS/2.

Shredder Object

The Shredder provides a quick way for you to delete files, objects, or folders that you no longer have a use for. For more information about the Shredder, see the online Master Help Index.

Printer Object

The printer object is added to the LaunchPad only if a printer was set up when you installed OS/2. You might not have a printer object on your LaunchPad. If you want to know how to set up a printer, use the information provided in the online Printing in OS/2 book located in the Information folder.

Adding Objects to the LaunchPad

You can easily add any object you want to the LaunchPad by simply dragging the object to the right side of the LaunchPad. The LaunchPad will expand to include the object on the panel. Try It! When adding an object to the LaunchPad, use the following example as a guide. In this example, the System Clock is added to the LaunchPad:

  1. Open the OS/2 System folder.
  2. Open the System Setup folder.
  3. Move the mouse pointer over the System Clock object.
  4. Press and hold mouse button 2 and move the object in between two objects on the LaunchPad until you see a single, solid black bar. This black bar indicates where the object will be added to the LaunchPad.

For more information about the LaunchPad, refer to the Master Help Index, the Using OS/2 tutorial, and the help information provided with the LaunchPad.

Part 3 - Using OS/2 57/1

Customizing Your System 58/1+

The System Setup object contains objects that help you customize your system. To open System Setup:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.

or:

  1. Point to an empty area on the Desktop.
  2. Click mouse button 2.
  3. Select System Setup.

Color Palette 59/2+

The Color Palette is used to customize the colors on your screen. You can change the color of the following parts of the Workplace Shell*:

  • Desktop
  • Titles of the objects on the Desktop and in folders
  • Different parts of the windows, such as push buttons, scroll bars, and the background.

There are two colors palettes, one is a Solid Color Palette for low resolution displays and one is a Mixed Color Palette for high resolution displays. The Solid Color Palette contains 16 solid colors and the Mixed Color palette contains 256 mixed colors. Use the OS/2 Tutorial for an interactive demonstration of how to use the Color Palettes. The following steps can be used for both the Solid and the Mixed Color Palettes.

Changing Screen Colors 60/3

To globally change the color of an item (for example, change the color of the background in every window):

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Color Palette.
  4. Make sure that the item you want to change is visible.
  5. Point to a color on the color palette.
  6. Press and hold Alt.
  7. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  8. Drag the color to the item you want to change. The mouse pointer changes to a paint bucket.
  9. Release mouse button 2.
  10. Release Alt. The color of all instances of the item changes to the new color.
  11. Point to the title-bar icon.
  12. Double-click.

To change the color of a specific item (for example, change the color of the vertical scroll bar in this window only):

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Color Palette.
  4. Make sure that the item you want to change is visible.
  5. Point to a color on the color palette.
  6. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  7. Drag the color to the item you want to change.
  8. Release mouse button 2. The color of the item changes to the new color.
  9. Point to the title-bar icon.
  10. Double-click.

Changing the Color of Object Titles 61/3

To change the color of the titles of objects:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Color Palette.
  4. Make sure an object title is visible in the folder. (You cannot change an individual title color. Changing one title color changes every title color in the folder.)
  5. Point to a color on the Color Palette.
  6. Press and hold Ctrl.
  7. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  8. Drag the color to a title in the folder.
  9. Release mouse button 2.
  10. Release Ctrl. The color of every title in the folder changes to the new color.

Changing the Colors on the Color Palette 62/3

You can change the colors available on the Color Palette:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Color Palette.
  4. Select the color on the Color Palette that you want to change.
  5. Select Edit color. A window appears in which you can make adjustments to or change the color. For more information about the choices available in this window, select the Help push button.
  6. When the correct color appears in the box on the color bar in the window, point to the title-bar icon.
  7. Double-click. The Color Palette window is displayed with the new color.

Country 63/2

When you installed OS/2, you determined settings like date, time, numbers, and currency of a specific country. The Country settings notebook lets you change these settings. You can select a specific country and have all the formats changed automatically, or you can make individual format selections. To change country formats:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Select Country.
    Tip Using the Selective Install object in the System Setup folder, you can
    reconfigure the operating system to support another national language
    without having to reinstall the entire operating system (see Selective
    Install).

For country-dependent information, refer to the COUNTRY statement in the online Command Reference.

Device Driver Install 64/2

Many devices that you attach to a computer, such as a CD-ROM drive, mouse, display, and printer come with a device driver diskette. The device driver diskette (sometimes called a device support diskette) contains the code needed by the computer to recognize and operate the device. The Device Driver Install object is used to install any device driver except those for printers and plotters. To install a device driver for a printer or plotter, see Installing a Printer. To install a device driver (other than one for a printer or plotter):

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Device Driver Install.
  4. Insert the device driver diskette.
  5. Select Install.
  6. Select the device driver to install from the list.
  7. Select OK.

For additional information, refer to the documentation that came with the device. Note: Do not use the Device Driver Install object to install device drivers found on the OS/2 Installation diskettes.

Font Palette 65/2+

The Font Palette allows you to:

  • Change the typeface of any text in the Workplace Shell interface
  • Change sample typefaces currently available on the Font Palette
  • Add new fonts to your system
  • Delete existing fonts from your system

A font is a collection of characters and symbols of a particular size and style used to produce text on displays and printers. When you install OS/2, the IBM Core Fonts are automatically installed, unless you specify otherwise. The IBM Core Fonts can be used by your display and IBM LaserPrinter, HP** LaserJet**, and PostScript** printers. The IBM Core Fonts consist of a set of 13 Adobe** Type 1 fonts that work with the Adobe Type Manager** (ATM). The table that follows lists the IBM Core Fonts.

IBM Core Fonts
FAMILY NAME TYPEFACE
Times New Roman** Times New Roman
Times New Roman Bold
Times New Roman Bold Italic
Times New Roman Italic
Helvetica** Helvetica
Helvetica Bold
Helvetica Bold Italic
Helvetica Italic
Courier Courier
Courier Bold
Courier Bold Italic
Courier Italic
Symbol Set Symbol Set

The Adobe Type Manager is an integral part of the OS/2 operating system and works with existing OS/2 and Windows application programs to produce the sharpest possible fonts on the screen and on the printed page. Because it incorporates PostScript outline font technology, the ATM program eliminates jagged fonts so that your screen can display high-quality typefaces of any size or style. The ATM program also enables even inexpensive printers to print PostScript language fonts that are crisp and smooth. Note: If you want to use the fonts for both OS/2 and Windows applications, you must install the font files using both the Font Palette and the ATM Control Panel.

Changing Fonts 66/3

The Font Palette window displays sample typefaces of eight of the fonts installed on your system. You can use these samples to change any text in the Workplace Shell interface. To change the typeface of text:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Font Palette.
  4. Point to the sample typeface you want to use.
  5. Press and hold mouse button 2. The mouse pointer changes to a pencil.
  6. Drag the sample typeface to the object whose text font you want to change.
    If you drag a sample typeface to an object on the Desktop, the text of all the objects on the Desktop changes to that typeface. If you drag a sample typeface to an open object, such as a folder, the typeface will change only for the objects within the folder.
  7. Release mouse button 2.

Selecting Sample Typefaces for the Font Palette 67/3

To change which sample typefaces appear on the Font Palette:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Font Palette.
  4. Select the sample typeface you want to change.
  5. Select Edit font.  The Edit Font window appears.
  6. Select the down arrow for the Name field.
  7. Select a new typeface from the list.
  8. Select the Style and Size if desired.
  9. Select the appropriate Emphasis if desired.
 10. Point to the title-bar icon.
 11. Double-click.

Adding Fonts to Your System 68/3

There are thousands of additional font styles in the Adobe Type 1 font-file format that are available for use with the OS/2 operating system. These fonts require two files for each typeface. These files have an AFM and PFB file-name extension. The Font Palette converts the AFM file to an OFM file when it installs the new font. Note: If the set of fonts you want to install is supplied on multiple diskettes, you might need to copy the files into a temporary directory, because the font installation process requires that both files for a given typeface be available at the same time. To add more fonts to your system:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Font Palette.
  4. Select Edit font.  The Edit Font window appears.
  5. Select Add.
  6. Follow the instructions on the Add Font window; then select Add.
  7. Select the names of the font files that you want to install on your
     system.
  8. Select Add.
  9. Point to the title-bar icon.
 10. Double-click.

See Selecting Sample Typefaces for the Font Palette if you want to add one of the new typefaces to the Font Palette samples.

Removing Fonts from Your System 69/3

To remove a font from your system:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Font Palette.
  4. Select Edit font.  The Edit Font window appears.
  5. Select Delete.
  6. Select the names of the font files that you want to delete from your
     system.
  7. Select Delete.
  8. When the files have been deleted, point to the title-bar icon.
  9. Double-click.

Note: Removing a font deletes the corresponding files from your hard disk unless they are needed by the Windows Adobe Type Manager. For more information about the Windows Adobe Type Manager, see the online Windows Programs in OS/2 book located in the Information folder.

Keyboard 70/2

The Keyboard object is used to adjust the blink rate of the cursor, change the speed at which a key repeats when held down, and customize the keyboard to make it easier to use for those with special needs. To customize the keyboard:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Keyboard.
  4. Select the tab for the setting you want to change.
  5. Point to the title-bar icon.
  6. Double-click.

Note: If the keyboard speed is set in Windows, when that WIN-OS/2 session is started, the keyboard speed for the entire system is reset and remains reset even after that WIN-OS/2 session is closed.

Select the Special Needs tab to change the settings to meet your special requirements. For example, you can make keys "sticky" so that you can press and release a series of keys (for example, Ctrl+Alt+Del) sequentially but have the keys operate as if the keys were pressed and released at the same time.

To enable sticky keys:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Keyboard.
  4. Select Special Needs.
  5. Select the Settings activation On radio button.
  6. For each key you want to act as a sticky key, press Shift three times;
     then press the key you want to stay stuck down.
  7. Repeat the previous step for each key that you want to operate as a sticky
     key.
  8. Point to the title-bar icon.
  9. Double-click.

To deactivate sticky keys, press and release each sticky key once.

Add Programs 71/2

Some programs do not place a program object in a folder or on the Desktop during their installation. Without the object, you cannot use the Workplace Shell to start the program. To correct this situation, you can use the Add Programs object. Add Programs uses a database to identify possible programs, set the correct DOS settings, and select an appropriate program object for the newly added OS/2, DOS, and Windows programs. You can create your own database to be used with Add Programs. For more information, see the OS/2 Tutorial, the help information provided with Add Programs or the Master Help Index. To add programs to the Desktop:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Add Programs.  The Add Programs to the Desktop window appears.
  4. Select Add new programs
  5. Select Ok.  A message is displayed when the process is complete.
  6. Select Ok.

The Add Programs program creates a DOS Programs folder, a Windows Programs folder, and a Windows Groups folder. Some Windows groups contain DOS programs. After you add them to the Desktop, these DOS program objects are placed in the WIN-OS/2 Groups folder and also in a DOS folder if you added DOS programs.

    Tip If your computer had a previous version of the OS/2 operating system,
    you might see a folder on your Desktop with the same name as one of your
    old groups.  This folder contains program objects that represent your old
    programs; however, Add Programs also puts these programs and program
    objects in new folders (DOS Programs or Windows Programs folders).
    Use the program objects in these new folders rather than the old group name
    folders because the preselected settings will work best for the performance
    of your program.

Mouse 72/2

The Mouse object is used to change the behavior of your mouse. You can:

  • Control the speed of the mouse pointer
  • Change the look of the pointer
  • Change the length, size and color of the pointer tail
  • Change the mouse for left-hand use
  • Customize the Alt, Shift, and Ctrl key combinations
  • Change the length and look of the mouse pointer tail

Note: You can change the speed of your mouse for your Windows sessions using the Windows Control Panel. Use the OS/2 Tutorial for an interactive demonstration of how to customize mouse settings.

To change the mouse settings:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Mouse.

Use the Timings page to change the speed at which actions occur when you use the mouse. Use the Setup page to customize the mouse for left-hand use or right-hand use. If you change the setting, the button settings on the Mappings page are automatically updated; however, you also can use the Mappings page to customize them individually. Use the Comet Cursor page to change the length and look of the mouse pointer's tail.

Tip Using the Selective Install object in the System Setup folder, you can reconfigure the operating system to support another pointing device without having to reinstall the entire operating system (see Selective Install).

Scheme Palette 73/2+

The Scheme Palette contains many different predefined color schemes. Each scheme has a preset color for the following:

  • Desktop
  • Titles of the objects on the Desktop and in folders
  • Different parts of the windows such as push buttons, scroll bars, and the background.

You can use these schemes as they are, or you can change their colors. In addition, you can also use the Scheme Palette to change the width of the borders around the windows, and the font used.

Changing Color Schemes 74/3

To use a predefined scheme to change the colors of one folder or window:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Scheme Palette.
  4. Make sure that the folder or window you want to change is visible.
  5. Point to a scheme on the palette.
  6. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  7. Drag the color scheme to the window.
  8. Release mouse button 2. The window colors change to the new scheme.

Globally Changing Color Schemes 75/3

To use one of the predefined schemes to change the colors for all the folders that do not have their colors individually set:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Scheme Palette.
  4. Point to a scheme on the palette.
  5. Press and hold Alt.
  6. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  7. Drag the color scheme to the Desktop.
  8. Release mouse button 2.
  9. Release Alt. The colors change to the new scheme.

Changing the Colors on the Scheme Palette 76/3

To change the colors within a scheme on the Scheme Palette:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Scheme Palette.
  4. Select the scheme on the Scheme Palette that you want to change.
  5. Select Edit Scheme.
  6. Select the part of the window (in the Window area field) whose color you want to change.
  7. Select Edit Color. A window appears in which you can make adjustments to or change the color. (For more information about the choices available in this window, select the Help push button.)
  8. Adjust the color until the correct color appears in the box on the color bar in the window.
  9. Point to the title-bar icon.
  10. Double-click. The selected window part changes to the new color on the Scheme Palette.
  11. When all the color changes have been made, point to the title-bar icon.
  12. Double-click.

Tip You can point to an area on the sample palette and click mouse button 2 to select the part of the window to be changed, instead of using the Window area field to select it. This reduces the amount of scrolling needed to find the correct window part.

Changing the Fonts in a Scheme 77/3

To change the font of text within the scheme:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Scheme Palette.
  4. Select the scheme on the Scheme Palette that you want to change.
  5. Select Edit Scheme.
  6. Select the part of the window (in the Window area field) whose font you
     want to change.
  7. Select Edit Font.
  8. Select the name, style, size, and emphasis that you want to use.
  9. Point to the title-bar icon.
 10. Double-click.  The font of the selected window part changes on the Scheme
     Palette.  For more information about fonts, see Font Palette.
    Tip To display a colorful picture (bit map) on the background of your
    folder windows or the Desktop folder:
      1. Display the pop-up menu for a folder.
      2. Select Settings.
      3. Select the Background tab.
      4. Select the Image radio button in the Background type field.
      5. Select the arrow to the right of the Image File field.
      6. Select a file with a .BMP file-name extension.
    The image appears in the background of your folder.

Sound 78/2

The Sound object is used by an application to generate a warning beep. The beep can be turned off. You can indicate whether a beep should be heard when a warning message is displayed or an invalid key is pressed. To customize the sound settings:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Sound.

Note: If you install OS/2 Multimedia additional sound options are available.

For more information, see the online Multimedia book.

Spooler 79/2+

The Spooler stores jobs that are waiting for an available printer or port. OS/2 includes a spooler for printouts you request in OS/2, DOS, and Windows sessions (an instance of a command prompt or started program). When you print, the system creates a spool file which is held in place in the SPOOL directory. The SPOOL directory is created by the system during installation. You can use the Spooler object to change the location of the spooler path and to disable or enable the spooler.

Enabling the Spooler 80/3

To enable the spooler:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Spooler.
  4. Point to the title-bar icon.
  5. Click mouse button 2.
  6. Select Disable spooler
  7. Point to the title-bar icon.
  8. Double-click. (Spooling takes effect immediately.  You do not need to
     restart your system.)

Changing the Spooler Path 81/3

Use this procedure if you print often, or if you print large jobs and need a separate storage area, such as a large disk, for spool files. Be sure to wait until all your jobs finish printing, or delete any pending jobs.

To change the spooler path:

  1. Select all the printer objects.
  2. Select Hold from the pop-up menu of each printer object.
  3. Open OS/2 System.
  4. Open System Setup.
  5. Open Spooler. By default, the Spooler Settings notebook appears.
  6. Select Spool path.
  7. In the Spool path field, type the new path.
  8. Point to the title-bar icon.
  9. Double-click.

Changing the Print Priority 82/3

You can set the print priority higher or lower to adjust the speed at which spooled print jobs are printed.

To set the print priority:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Spooler. By default, the Spooler Settings notebook appears.
  4. Select the Print priority page.
  5. Move the slider arm to select priority.
  6. Point to the title-bar icon.
  7. Double-click.

Disabling the Spooler 83/3

You might want to disable the spooler to print jobs that have a high-security risk. Disabling the spooler prevents others from viewing your print jobs in a printer-object window. However, you cannot disable spooling to a network printer on a network server.

To disable the spooler:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Spooler.
  4. Point to the title-bar icon.
  5. Click mouse button 2.
  6. Select Enable spooler.
  7. Restart your system.

When the Spooler is disabled, your print jobs go directly to a printer. However, a printout might contain material from different jobs mixed together.

System 84/2+

The System object is used to change system defaults. You can select how you want a window that is already open to be displayed and where you want windows that you have minimized to be displayed. This notebook is also used to specify confirmation messages and to turn off the product information window. For more information about each tab, select the help push button provided on each page.

Confirming Delete Actions 85/3

To specify if you want a confirmation message displayed each time you delete an object or a folder:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open System.
  4. Select the Confirmations tab.
  5. Place a check mark next to each item you want a confirmation message for.
  6. Point to the title-bar icon.
  7. Double-click.

Directing Keyboard and Mouse Activity 86/3

To enable or disable the direction of any keyboard and mouse activity during the startup of any Presentation Manager program.

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open System.
  4. Select the Input tab.
  5. Place a check mark next to Enable type ahead or Disable type ahead. (The default is Enable type ahead.)
  6. Point to the title-bar icon.
  7. Double-click.

Resolving Title Conflicts 87/3

To specify how the system is to respond to title conflicts if you create, copy, or move an object into a folder that already has an object with the same name:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open System.
  4. Select the Title tab.
  5. Select the choice that best describe how you want the system to respond when a title conflict appears.
  6. Point to the title-bar icon.
  7. Double-click.

Changing System Defaults 88/3

To change the system defaults for a window:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open System.
  4. Select the Window tab.
  5. Select the choices that best describe how you want the windows to behave.
  6. Point to the title-bar icon.
  7. Double-click.

Printing a Screen 89/3

To be able to print the information in an open window:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open System.
  4. Select the Print Screen tab.
  5. Select Enable.
  6. Point to the title-bar icon.
  7. Double-click.

To print the open window:

  1. Select the open window.
  2. Press Print Screen.

Displaying Logos 90/3

To specify if you want a logo to be displayed and how long to display it:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open System.
  4. Select the Logo tab.
  5. Select the choices that best describes how you want the system to handle product information and logos.
  6. Point to the title-bar icon.
  7. Double-click.

Changing Screen Resolution 91/3

To change the screen resolution for an XGA display adapter:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open System.
  4. Select the Screen tab.
  5. Select the resolution you want to use.
  6. Point to the title-bar icon.
  7. Double-click.

Note: The Screen tab will not appear if you are using the VGA, 8514, or SVGA driver.

Tip After changing screen resolutions from a higher resolution to a lower resolution, some applications might open windows that are partially off the screen. If this occurs:

  1. Press Alt+Spacebar.
  2. Select Move.
  3. Use the mouse or the arrow keys to move the window.
  4. Click mouse button 1 or press Enter.

or:

  1. Point to an empty area on the Desktop.
  2. Click mouse buttons 1 and 2 at the same time.
  3. Point to the name of the program.
  4. Click mouse button 2.
  5. Select Tile or Cascade. The window will now appear on the screen.

System Clock 92/2

The System Clock object is used to set the system date and time or to set an alarm. You can display the clock in either analog or digital mode.

To set the system clock:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Select System Clock.
  4. Display the pop-up menu for System Clock.
  5. Select Settings.
  6. Select the tab for the setting you want to change.
  7. Select View; change to the View page if necessary. (To view a different View page, use an arrow at the lower-right corner of the window.)
  8. Point to the title-bar icon.
  9. Double-click.

WIN-OS/2 Setup 93/2

The WIN-OS/2 Setup object is used to select a public or private clipboard or dynamic data exchange (DDE). The clipboard and DDE are features that allow data exchange between programs. You also can use this object to preselect WIN-OS/2 settings for all Windows programs before you start them. Use the Fast load setting to automatically start a WIN-OS/2 session when you start OS/2. If you change a setting, the change affects only subsequent Windows programs that are started. Programs that are currently running are not affected.

If you are using Windows programs that can share information using the clipboard or Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) feature, then you can change the way these features work in all WIN-OS/2 sessions.

Note: Be sure you check with the instructions that came with your program to determine if these features are supported.

The clipboard is an area that temporarily holds data. Data is placed in the clipboard by selecting cut or copy from a menu. You can cut (move) or copy data from one document and paste it into another document, even if the other document is in a different program. For example, you can place a spreadsheet from one program into a document from another program.

The DDE feature enables the exchange of data between programs. Any change made to information in one file is applied to the same information in an associated file. In the example above, if changes are made to the original spreadsheet, corresponding changes are made to the spreadsheet in the document. If changes are made to the spreadsheet in the document, corresponding changes are made to the original spreadsheet.

The clipboard and DDE can be set to Public or Private. When DDE is set to Public, information can be shared with OS/2 and WIN-OS/2 sessions. Information cannot be shared with DOS sessions. When the clipboard or DDE is set to Private, sharing data between sessions is restricted. This means that only information for those programs running in that single session can be shared.

When OS/2 is installed, the clipboard and DDE are set to Public. Windows programs that have the clipboard or DDE feature are set up during installation of the OS/2 operating system to use a Public setting for all WIN-OS/2 sessions. You can use the WIN-OS/2 Setup object to set these features to private. You can further customize the way you use these features by using the Settings notebook of the program object.

Note: Changing the clipboard and DDE features to Private will not affect the performance of your Windows programs.

To change the clipboard or DDE feature to Private:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open WIN-OS/2 Setup.
  4. Select Data Exchange.
  5. Select Private for Dynamic Data Exchange or Clipboard.
  6. Point to the title-bar icon.
  7. Double-click.

Note: If you change the settings for the clipboard or DDE while a program is running in a WIN-OS/2 session, the settings for the program will take effect immediately.

For related information about the clipboard, DDE, WIN-OS/2, and Windows Programs, see the Windows Programs in OS/2 located in the online Information folder or the Master Help Index.

Power 94/2+

The Power object manages and tracks power consumption in battery-powered computers that support the Advanced Power Management (APM) standard. The APM standard defines the way the hardware and software work together to reduce power consumption and help extend battery life. If your computer supports the APM standard, the Power object might be automatically installed during the OS/2 installation process. If it was not installed, you can install it by using Selective Install and selecting Advanced Power Management. For information about Selective Install, see Selective Install.

Note: This power management feature is not available if your computer does not have APM BIOS or a device driver that emulates APM BIOS.

OS/2 APM support relies on the power status information returned from the BIOS on your computer. You might notice incorrect battery life or status within the Power icon on your computer. If this occurs, rely on the LEDs on your computer for accurate power status information.

Turning the APM setting to Off also turns off the BIOS power management. If you want to turn off APM, but not the BIOS power management, place REM before the APM device driver statement in your CONFIG.SYS file, and then restart your system to invoke the change.

For example:

REM DEVICE=C:\OS2\APM.SYS

Power Object 95/3

To open the Power object:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Power.

To display the Power pop-up menu:

  1. Point to the Power object.
  2. Click mouse button 1 or 2.

Power Settings 96/3

To set power management support:

  1. Display the Power object pop-up menu.
  2. Select Settings. The Power - Settings notebook appears.
  3. Select Power.
  4. Set Power management to On or Off. If set to On, power consumption will be reduced and power status will be tracked. If set to Off, the suspend mode, power status, and battery status features are disabled.
  5. Set Confirm on power state changes if you want to confirm requests to go to suspend mode. (See Suspend Mode.)

To set the default status view of the status window:

  1. Display the Power object pop-up menu.
  2. Select Settings. The Power - Settings notebook appears.
  3. Select View.
  4. Select Full status or Battery only for Default status view.
  5. Set Refresh (of the status window) to On or Off.
  6. If you set Refresh to On, select the number of minutes (from 1 to 30) for Refresh rate. The system will automatically update the status window at the intervals you specified.

You can also update the status window by selecting Refresh Now from the Power object pop-up menu.

Power Status 97/3

To display the power status:

  1. Display the Power object pop-up menu.
  2. Select the arrow to the right of Open.
  3. Select Full status or Battery status. A full-status Power window or a power-gauge Power window is displayed, depending on your selection.

Note: You cannot change the size of the Power window.

A full-status Power window displays the following information:

  • Battery life. This information is displayed as a power gauge that shows the power level of the battery compared to the capacity of the battery. When the power gauge indicator is completely shaded, the battery is at full power. The shaded area of the gauge moves up or down as the battery power level increases or decreases. When the power gauge indicator is dimmed, there is no battery in the computer or the computer cannot provide battery information.
  • Power source for the computer. If the system cannot determine the power source, no power source information is displayed.
  • Battery state, which is the charge state of the battery. Battery state information is displayed as follows:
High        Battery charge is OK; continue using your computer.
Low         Recharge the battery or switch to another power source
            such as another battery or AC power.
Critical    Battery charge is depleted.  Recharge the battery or
            switch to another power source immediately to avoid a
            system failure or data loss.
Charging    System is restoring the battery charge.
Unknown     System cannot determine the battery state or there is no
            battery in your computer.

Suspend Mode 98/3

To set the suspend mode:

  1. Display the Power object pop-up menu.
  2. Select Suspend.

When suspend mode is activated, battery power is conserved by dimming the display and turning off devices that are not in use. If Confirm on power status changes is set in the Power - Settings notebook, a message is displayed that asks you if you want to continue before switching to suspend mode.

Note: Different computers have different procedures for exiting suspend mode and resuming operation. Refer to the documentation that came with your computer for information about its suspend mode features.

After you exit suspend mode, you will notice a startup delay before you can resume operation of your system. This delay might be a few seconds, depending on your system.

Selective Install 99/2+

The Selective Install object is used to add features that you did not include when you originally installed the operating system. You also can use the Selective Install object to change the mouse, display adapter, or country information for your system.

Note: You will need the OS/2 installation diskettes for each of the procedures that follow.

Adding Options after Installation 100/3

To add options after installation:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Selective Install.
  4. Select from the System Configuration window any of the choices that you want to change or add.
  5. Select OK.
  6. Place a check mark to the left of any feature you want to add. (For more information about a feature, press F1.) If a More push button is displayed to the right of a feature, select it to see additional choices.

Adding Online Documentation after Installation 101/3

To add online documentation after installation:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Selective Install.
  4. Select OK when the System Configuration window is displayed.
  5. Select the check box to the left of Documentation.
  6. Select More to the right of Documentation.
  7. Select the check box to the left of any documentation units to deselect the ones you do not want to add.
  8. Select OK.
  9. Select Install.
  10. Follow the instructions on the screen.

Changing Display Adapter Support 102/3

To change the display adapter support after installation:

1. Open OS/2 System.
2. Open System Setup.
3. Open Selective Install.
4. Select Primary Display or Secondary Display from the System Configuration
   window.
5. Select the display adapter that you want from the list provided.
6. Select OK.
7. Follow the instructions on the screen.

Adding PCMCIA Support after Installation 103/3

To add PCMCIA** support after installation:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Selective Install.
  4. Select OK when the System Configuration window is displayed.
  5. Select the check box to the left of PCMCIA Support to display the Select
     PCMCIA system window.
  6. Select the appropriate system (this should either be a direct match with
     your target install system or a known compatible system).
  7. Select OK.
  8. Select Install.
  9. Follow the instructions on the screen.

PCMCIA 104/2+

OS/2 provides software support for Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) hardware. PCMCIA is the standard for PC card adapters associated with portable computers. A PC card is a small form-factor adapter about the size and shape of a credit card. You can use PC cards with laptops, notebooks, tablets, and other portable computer systems that are equipped with a PCMCIA slot.

Installing PCMCIA 105/3

PCMCIA can be automatically installed during OS/2 installation or it can be installed through Selective Install after OS/2 installation. To install PCMCIA support after installation, see Adding PCMCIA Support after Installation.

PCMCIA Components 106/3

PCMCIA consists of the following services and client device drivers (CDDs):

  • Card services - Provide an industry-standard interface layer between the Client device driver (CDD) and hardware-specific socket services.
  • Socket services - Provide an industry-standard interface layer across hardware platforms for specific chip-set support.
  • Resource Client - A special-purpose CDD that provides Card Services, detailing the resources in use and available at start up.
  • Modem Card Manager - A generic CDD that provides a Card Manager level of support for PCMCIA modem cards.

Plug and Play for PCMCIA 107/3+

Plug and Play for PCMCIA is an OS/2 application that displays PC card information, socket status, assigned resources, and card type. There are two basic types of PC cards:

  • Memory cards, which contain specific types of memory devices
  • Input/output (I/O) cards, which contain devices such as modems and disks

Both card types are assigned system resources, which are used to communicate with the card's devices.

Plug and Play for PCMCIA also allows you to start applications automatically when their objects (icons) are registered to a PC card type.

To open the Plug and Play for PCMCIA object:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Plug and Play for PCMCIA.

Socket and Card Information 108/4

The Plug and Play for PCMCIA window displays the following information:

No.           Socket number.
Card Type     Card-type icon and text.
Card Status   Card-status icon and text.

Card Types 109/4

o  Booted
o  Communication - for the following card types:
          3270          5250
          Ethernet      LAN
          SDLC          Token Ring
o  Hard Disk
o  I/O - for multi-function, parallel, and SCSI card types.
o  Memory
o  Modem, Serial

Card Status 110/4

o  Empty
o  Inserted
o  Ready
o  Not Ready
o  Inserted for Memory

Memory Card - Details View 111/4

To receive additional information about an inserted memory card:

  1. Select the memory card.
  2. Press Enter.

The Memory Card - Details View appears with the following information:

Card information
Vendor name and card description data retrieved from card.
Write protect
Yes or no.
Battery
Good, low, or dead.
Region
Region of card memory for memory devices such as SRAM.

I/O Card - Details View 112/4

To receive additional information about an inserted I/O-type card:

  1. Select the appropriate card.
  2. Press Enter.

The I/O Card - Details View appears with the following information:

Card information     Vendor name and card description data retrieved from card.
Assigned resources   System resources used by this PC card:
     IRQ    Interrupt request level.
     I/O    Input/output ports.

Options 113/3+

The Options menu bar choice has two selections, Customize and Register Object. The Customize option allows you to turn a beep on and off, display the Plug and Play for PCMCIA window when a PC card is used, and keep Plug and Play for PCMCIA visible when other applications are running in the foreground. The Register Object option allows you to register objects to be launched (started or opened) when a specific type of PC card is used. (It is not necessary to have a card inserted when registering objects.) If more than one object is registered to the same card type or the manual option is selected, the Object Launcher window is displayed where you can select which registered object to launch.

Note: Objects can be launched only after Plug and Play for PCMCIA is opened.

Customize 114/4

To use the Customize window:

  1. Select Options.
  2. Select Customize.
  3. To display the Plug and Play for PCMCIA window whenever a PC card is
     inserted, removed, ready, or not ready, select the appropriate check box
     under Display window.
  4. To hear a beep whenever a PC card is inserted, removed, ready, or not
     ready, select the appropriate check box under Beep.
  5. To keep the Plug and Play for PCMCIA icon or window in the foreground
     (visible) when running another application, select Yes.
  6. To return to the original default settings, select Defaults.
Note:  Plug and Play for PCMCIA must be open for your selections to become
active.

Register Object 115/4

To register an object:

  1. Select Options.
  2. Select Register Object.
  3. Click on the down arrow to the right of the Select a card type field to
     display a list of available card types.
  4. Select the desired card type.
  5. Drag a copy of each object that you want to register to this card type to
     the Object List field.  The name of the object appears in the list.  (If
     you have registered more than one object for this card type, see also
     Object Launcher.)
  6. Select Automatically or Manually to indicate how you would like the object
     to be launched.  (If you have selected Manually, see also Object
     Launcher.)
  7. Select any of the choices under When card is to indicate when you would
     like to launch the object.
     Note:  The Ready and Not ready choices work only with I/O card types.
  8. To return to the original default settings, select Defaults.

To deregister an object:

  1. Select the object to be removed from the Object List.
  2. Select Remove.
     Note:  Selecting Remove does not affect the original object.

Object Launcher 116/3

The Object Launcher is displayed when Plug and Play for PCMCIA is open and one or both of the following occurs:

  o  More than one object is registered for the inserted PC card type.
  o  Manually is selected under Launch Choices.

To launch an object:

  1. Select the object to launch.
  2. Select Launch.

Selective Uninstall 117/2

The Selective Uninstall program allows you to remove operating system files, programs, and device drivers from your hard disk. You might want to uninstall files to free hard disk space for other programs. Warning: Do not remove operating system files, programs, or device drivers from your hard disk unless you have backed up the operating system (as it was originally installed). Use the BACKUP.EXE program from the utility diskettes you created with "Create Utility Diskettes" program to back up your system. After system files, programs, or device drivers are removed, they are unavailable for future use. You can recover files, programs, or device drivers that you delete (as they were originally installed) only by using the RESTORE.EXE file from the Utility Diskettes you created.

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Locate the Selective Uninstall object inside the System Setup folder.
  4. Open Selective Uninstall.  The Selective Uninstall window appears.

For information about Selective Uninstall, press F1. Or, place the mouse pointer on the Help push button and click once. To close the Help window, press Esc.

  1. To make a selection, press the Tab key until your choice is highlighted;
     then press the Spacebar. A check mark (/) appears in the box next to your
     choice.  Or, place the mouse pointer on the check box beside a choice and
     click once.
  2. The More push button next to some choices indicates that a secondary
     window containing more choices associated with your selection is
     available. After you select a choice, the More push button is highlighted.
     Select More to display a list of items you can choose to remove.
     Warning: When you select More, all items in the associated choices l   ist
     are checked. Make sure you remove the check marks from those items that
     you do not want to delete from your hard disk.
     For information about the items in the window, press F1.  Or, place the
     mouse pointer on the Help push button and click once.
  3. Follow the instructions on the screen to remove operating system features
     from your hard disk.
    Adobe Type Manager
    Your hard disk contains the Adobe Type Manager program.  The program runs
    in the WIN-OS/2 environment.  Adobe Type Manager uses PostScript[**]
    outline font technology to produce the sharpest possible type on the screen
    and on the printed page.
    If you intend to use Adobe Type Manager, do not choose to uninstall Fonts.
    For more information about using Adobe Type Manager, see the online Windows
    Programs in OS/2 located in the Information folder on the desktop.

Create Utility Diskettes 118/2

The OS/2 operating system comes installed on your hard disk. Your computer has a program that creates diskettes called Utility Diskettes. Create these diskettes to help you correct problems if you cannot start your computer from the hard disk. The Utility Diskettes also allow you to start the procedure that backs up the operating system to diskettes. Backup diskettes allow you to restore OS/2 to your hard disk in the event of a computer problem. To complete this procedure, you will need three blank, high-density (2MB) diskettes for a 1.44MB drive, or one extended-density (4MB) diskette for a 2.88MB drive.

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Create Utility Diskettes. The Create Utility Diskettes window
     appears.
     For information about Create Utility Diskettes, press F1.  Or, place the
     mouse pointer on the Help push button and click once.  To close the Help
     window, press Esc.
  4. Select the drive where the Utility Diskettes will be created.  If you
     select drive A, insert a blank diskette into drive A.
  5. Type C.  Or, place the mouse pointer on the Create push button and click
     once.  Follow the instructions on the screen to prepare Utility Diskettes.
     Label the first diskette you create Utility Diskette 1, the second
     diskette Utility Diskette 2, and the third diskette Utility Diskette 3.
     Store the diskettes in a safe place.

Starting Objects Automatically 119/1+

The Startup folder contains objects that you want to automatically start every time the system starts. This chapter describes how to use the Startup folder to start objects. It also describes how to customize your system startup by placing variables in your CONFIG.SYS file.

Starting Programs Automatically 120/2+

You can start programs automatically at system startup using a Startup folder, a STARTUP.CMD file, or both. Use the OS/2 Tutorial for an interactive demonstration of how to use the Startup folder.

Startup Folder 121/3

You can place objects of frequently used programs and batch files in a Startup folder so that every time you start your computer, the programs and batch files will start. The objects in the Startup folder are started when the Desktop folder is opened at system startup. You cannot specify the order in which the objects in the folder are started. You should place a shadow of the program objects in the Startup folder instead of the original object. This ensures that any changes made to the original object are applied to the object in the Startup folder. To create a shadow of an object and place it in the Startup folder:

  1. Point to the object.
  2. Press and hold Ctrl+Shift.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag the object to the Startup folder.
  5. Release mouse button 2.
  6. Release the Ctrl and Shift keys.

STARTUP.CMD File 122/3

A STARTUP.CMD file is similar to the Startup folder in that it is used to automatically start programs and batch files at system startup. If a STARTUP.CMD file is present, it will be run prior to the starting of the Desktop. For more information about creating and running a STARTUP.CMD file, refer to the online Command Reference.

Preventing Automatic Startup 123/2

Programs located in the Startup folder or programs running at the time the computer was shut down will automatically start when the computer is restarted. To prevent these programs from starting:

  1. Press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart the computer.
  2. When you see the Desktop animation (similar to an exploding box), press
     and hold Ctrl+Shift+F1.
  3. Hold the keys for approximately 15 seconds, or until the Desktop appears.
     (If the hard disk light stops flashing during this time, your computer
     might be suspended.  Release the keys quickly, and then resume holding the
     keys until the Desktop objects appear.)

Customizing Your CONFIG.SYS for Startup 124/2

You can customize the way your Workplace Shell starts by changing the system variables at either a command prompt or in the CONFIG.SYS file. Precede each of the variables with the SET command. The system variables for the Workplace Shell are:

AUTOSTART            Determines the parts of the Workplace Shell that are
                     automatically started.  Eliminating any of the options
                     from the statement restricts the user from accessing
                     portions of the Shell.  For example:
                     SET AUTOSTART=FOLDERS, PROGRAMS, TASKLIST, CONNECTIONS
     FOLDERS           Allows a user to open additional folders after startup.
     PROGRAMS          Allows a user to open additional programs after startup.
     TASKLIST          Allows a user to open the Window List.
     CONNECTIONS       Recreates the network connections established during the
                       last log on.
     LAUNCHPAD         Creates a new LaunchPad on the Desktop.
OS2_SHELL            Sets the command processor for OS/2 sessions.  For
                     example:
                     SET OS2_SHELL=C:\OS2\CMD.EXE
RESTARTOBJECTS       Sets the objects that will be automatically started by the
                     Workplace Shell.  For example:
                     SET RESTARTOBJECTS=STARTUPFOLDERSONLY
     YES Starts all the objects that were running at the time of shutdown and
     all objects in the Startup folder.  This is the default.
     NO Does not start any of the applications that were running at the time of
     shutdown and does not start the objects in the Startup folder.
     STARTUPFOLDERSONLY Starts only those objects in the Startup folder.
     REBOOTONLY Starts objects only when the Workplace Shell is started by
     pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del or turning on the computer.
RUNWORKPLACE         Sets the interface that is started by the OS/2 operating
                     system. PMSHELL.EXE is the program for the Workplace Shell
                     interface.  For example:
                     SET RUNWORKPLACE=C:\OS2\PMSHELL.EXE
SYSTEM_INI           Determines the INI file to be used by the Workplace Shell
                     for system information about such items as default colors
                     and printer drivers. For example:
                     SET SYSTEM_INI=C:\OS2\OS2SYS.INI
USER_INI             Determines the INI file to be used by the Workplace Shell
                     for system information about such items as program
                     defaults, display options, and file options.  For example:
                     SET USER_INI=C:\OS2\OS2.INI
For more information about customizing the user interface, refer to the online
Command Reference.
The DISKCACHE statement in the CONFIG.SYS file is set up so that it
automatically runs the CHKDSK program upon startup if the system shuts down
improperly.  The CHKDSK program analyzes and fixes disk problems caused by the
improper shutdown.
If you add hard disk drives or partitions after the installation of the OS/2
operating system, you should edit the CONFIG.SYS file and update the AC:x
parameter to reflect the new additions. AC: starts the auto-check feature on
the specified drives when the system shuts down improperly.  The value x
represents the letters of the disks or partitions on the system that you want
to check.

For example, if you want to check disks C and D and your existing DISKCACHE statement is:

DISKCACHE=64,LW

Add the AC: parameter to the statement as follows:

DISKCACHE=64,LW,AC:CD

For more information about the DISKCACHE statement, refer to the online Command Reference.

Using Disk Drives 125/1+

This chapter describes how to use the Drives folder to access and use the different types of storage media installed in your computer. When opened, the Drives folder provides a view of all drive objects in the system. For example, the following drive types could be accessed from the Drives folder:

  o  Diskette
  o  Hard disk
  o  CD-ROM
  o  Tape backup
  o  Optical disc
  o  PCMCIA

To view the Drive objects:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Drives.

Note: Drive objects cannot be copied.

About Hard Disks and Diskettes 126/2

There are two kinds of disks:

Hard disk   A non-removable disk that is built into a hard-disk drive.  Hard
            disks come in a variety of capacities and can hold large amounts of
            information.  (Capacity is the maximum amount of information that a
            diskette or disk can hold.)
            Information can be stored on and erased from the disk over and over
            again.  The computer can write to and read information from the
            hard disk much faster than it can from a diskette.
Diskette    A removable disk that can be inserted in and removed from a
            diskette drive.  Diskettes come in a variety of capacities.
            Diskettes cannot hold as much information as a hard disk.
            Information can be stored on and erased from the diskette over and
            over again.  The computer cannot write to or read information from
            a diskette as fast as it can from a hard disk.  There are two sizes
            of diskettes, 5.25" and 3.5":
  o  5.25-inch diskettes are thin, flexible, and somewhat fragile.  A 5.25-inch
     diskette has a write-protect notch located on the right side. You can
     place a write-protect tab over the notch to protect the information stored
     on the diskette.
     To store information on or erase information from the diskette, you must
     remove the write-protect tab from the diskette.
  o  3.5-inch diskettes are protected by a hard plastic cover that makes them
     more durable.  A 3.5-inch diskette can be write protected by sliding a
     built-in tab to reveal the write-protect opening.
     To store information on or erase information from the diskette, you must
     slide the tab over the write-protect opening on the diskette.
            Note:  If a diskette does not have a write-protect notch or tab,
            the diskette is permanently write protected.  Many software
            manufacturers use permanently write-protected diskettes to prevent
            the information on the diskettes from being accidentally changed or
            deleted.
The capacity of a diskette and a hard disk is measured in bytes. A diskette
must be formatted at a capacity less than or equal to the capacity of the
diskette drive in order for the diskette and the drive to be compatible.  So
even though a diskette is the correct size physically, its capacity might not
be compatible with the diskette drive in the computer.
For example, a 3.5-inch diskette drive designed to work with 2.88MB diskettes
can use 1.44MB diskettes, but a 1.44MB diskette drive cannot use a 2.88MB
diskette.  The following terms are used to describe the capacity of disks and
the size of files:
Byte        Amount of space it takes to store a character.
Kilobyte    1024 bytes and is abbreviated as KB.
Megabyte    1024KB (approximately a million bytes) and is abbreviated as MB.
Gigabyte    1024MB (approximately a billion bytes) and is abbreviated as GB.
The following terms are equivalent:
1MB = 1024KB = 1048576 bytes
Each diskette drive and hard disk drive in a computer has a letter assigned to
it.  This letter is the name that both you and the computer use to identify the
drive.  For example, on many computers the diskette drive is called drive A and
the hard disk drive is called drive C.

Accessing Hard Disks and Diskettes 127/2+

You can use the Drives folder to access the information on your hard disk and diskette drives. This allows you to view disk information, display the files on the disks, and copy and move files. The files can be viewed as objects so they can easily be copied and moved with the mouse.

Tip For specific instructions on using the Drive A object, see Drive A.

Viewing Disk Information 128/3

To view the size of a disk:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Drives.
  3. Open the drive object you want information about.

Displaying Objects 129/3

The drive objects are used to display the contents of the drives on your computer. The contents of the drive can be displayed in three different views:

Icon view     Displays the contents of the disk as icons.  This is the default
              if the disk does not have folders (directories).
Tree view     Displays the contents of the disk in a tree.  This is the default
              if the disk has folders (directories).  A plus (+) sign to the
              left of a folder indicates that additional folders exist inside
              the folder.  By selecting the plus sign, you can see the other
              folders in the folder.  Pointing to a folder and double-clicking
              displays the contents of the folder in an icon view.
              Note:  When an additional folder is opened from a folder that is
              in tree view, if the default for the additional folder is also
              tree view, it is overridden and displayed in an icon view.  There
              is no need to open it again in tree view because it is already
              shown in the parent folder's tree view.
Details view  Displays the contents of the disk in a table with the following
              additional information:
  o  Icon
  o  Title
  o  Real name
  o  Size
  o  Last write date and time
  o  Last access date and time
  o  Creation date and time
  o  Flags
To display the contents of a drive as icons:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Drives.
  3. Point to the object that you want to display.
  4. Click mouse button 2.
  5. Select the arrow to the right of Open.
  6. Select Icon view.
To display the contents of a drive in a tree view:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Drives.
  3. Point to the object that you want to display.
  4. Click mouse button 2.
  5. Select the arrow to the right of Open.
  6. Select Tree view.
  7. If a plus (+) sign appears to the left of a folder, select it to expand
     the contents.
  8. To display the contents of a folder, point to the folder; then
     double-click.
To display details about the contents of a drive:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Drives.
  3. Point to the object that you want to display.
  4. Click mouse button 2.
  5. Select the arrow to the right of Open.
  6. Select Details view.
  7. Select the scroll bars at the bottom and side of the window to scroll the
     information.

Copying Objects 130/3

Note: If you want to copy the object to a folder object or another drive object, the target object must be visible before you start the copy.

To copy an object from a drive to another location:
  1. Open the drive containing the object you want to copy.
  2. Point to the object you want to copy.
  3. Press and hold Ctrl.
  4. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  5. Drag the object to a folder, the Desktop, or another drive object.
  6. Release mouse button 2.
  7. Release Ctrl.

To copy an object from another location to a drive:

  1. Point to the object you want to copy.
  2. Press and hold Ctrl.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag the object to the drive object.
  5. Release mouse button 2.
  6. Release Ctrl.

Moving Objects 131/3

There are times when you need to move an object (copy the object to a different location and delete it from the original location). Note: If you want to move the object to a folder object or another drive object, the target object must be visible before you start the move.

To move an object from a drive to another location:

  1. Open the drive containing the object you want to move.
  2. Point to the object you want to move.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag the object to a folder, the Desktop, or another drive object.
  5. Release mouse button 2.

To move an object from another location to a drive:

  1. Point to the object you want to move.
  2. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  3. Drag the mouse to the drive object.
  4. Release mouse button 2.

Deleting Objects from a Drive 132/3

You can delete (erase) unwanted objects from a drive. To delete an object from a drive:

  1. Open the drive.
  2. Point to the object you want to delete.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag the object to the Shredder.
  5. Release mouse button 2.

Formatting a Disk 133/2

You can format a disk. When a disk is formatted, it is checked for defects and prepared to accept data. During this process, all existing data is erased from the disk. Use the OS/2 Tutorial for an interactive demonstration of how to format a diskette. Note: Before you format a disk, make sure that it does not contain any information that is important.

To format a disk:
  1. Point to the disk you want to format.
  2. Click mouse button 2.
  3. Select Format disk.
  4. When the Format Disk window appears, type a Volume Label (name for the
     disk).
  5. Select the type of file system (FAT or HPFS) you want to use on the disk.
     (For more information about these file systems, see the Master Help
     Index).
  6. Select Format.
  7. When the format is complete, select OK.

Checking a Disk 134/2

You can check a disk for:

  o  Defects, which are errors in the file allocation table or directory on the
     disk.  If you select Write corrections to disk, any problems found will be
     fixed.
  o  Current usage, which is the amount of the disk used for directories, user
     files, and extended attributes.  It also indicates the amount of space
     that is reserved on the disk.
  o  File system type, which is the type of file system on the disk.
  o  Total disk space, which is the capacity of the disk in bytes.
  o  Total amount of disk space available, which is the amount of free space
     left on the disk.

Note: You cannot check a disk that is currently being used or is locked by another process (for example, the disk that OS/2 is running on).

To check a disk:
  1. Point to the drive that you want to check.
  2. Click mouse button 2.
  3. Select Check disk.
  4. Select Write corrections to disk.
  5. Select Check.  When the check is done, the Check Disk &dash. Results
     window is displayed.
  6. Select Cancel to remove the window.

Drive A 135/2+

The Drive A object provides quick access to the diskette drive in your computer referred to as A. You can use the Drive A object to:

  • Display the objects on a diskette
  • Display information about the objects on the diskette
  • Copy objects on a diskette to another location
  • Copy objects from another location to a diskette
  • Move objects on a diskette to another location
  • Move objects from another location to a diskette
  • Delete objects from a diskette
  • Format a diskette
  • Check a diskette for defects and fix it

Note: The Drive A object cannot be copied.

This chapter discusses only the Drive A object. For information about other drive objects and a discussion about disks and diskettes, see Using Disk Drives.

Displaying the Objects on a Diskette 136/3

To display the objects on a diskette:

  1. Place a diskette into diskette drive A.
  2. Open Drive A.

The Drive A window appears showing the contents of the diskette. The actual layout of the window that appears depends upon the contents of the diskette.

Tree view   Displays the objects on the diskette in a directory (tree)
            structure with folders representing the directories.  This view
            comes up when the objects on the diskette are placed in
            directories.
            To view the contents of a directory, point to a folder and
            double-click.
Icon view   Displays the objects on the diskette as pictures (icons).  This
            view comes up when all the objects on the diskette are in the root
            directory.

Displaying Information about the Objects on a Diskette 137/2

The tree and icon views give limited information about the objects on a diskette. However, the details view gives the following information about the objects on the diskette:

Title of the object   Name that appears below the icon that represents the
                      object.
Real name of object   Actual name of the object.
Size                  Amount of space in bytes that the object occupies.
Last write date       Date that the information in the object was last changed.
Last write time       Time of day that the information in the object was last
                      changed.
Last access date      Date that the information in the object was last viewed.
Last access time      Time of day that the information in the object was last
                      viewed.
Creation date         Date that the object was first created.
Creation time         Time that the object was first created.
Flags                 Characteristics of the file that allow it to be used in a
                      certain way.

To display detailed information about the objects on a diskette:

  1. Place a diskette into drive A.
  2. Open Drive A.
  3. Point to the title-bar icon.
  4. Click mouse button 2.
  5. Select the arrow to the right of Open.
  6. Select Details view.

Copying Objects to or from a Diskette 138/2

There are times when you need to copy an object (duplicate the object and place it in a different location). Note: If you want to copy the object to a folder object or another drive object, the target object must be visible before you start the copy. To copy an object from a diskette in Drive A to another location:

  1. Place a diskette into drive A.
  2. Open Drive A.
  3. Point to the object you want to copy.
  4. Press and hold Ctrl.
  5. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  6. Drag the object to a folder, the Desktop, or another drive object.
  7. Release mouse button 2.
  8. Release Ctrl.
To copy an object from another location to a diskette in Drive A:
  1. Place the diskette you want to copy the object to into drive A.
  2. Point to the object you want to copy.
  3. Press and hold Ctrl.
  4. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  5. Drag the mouse to the Drive A object.
  6. Release mouse button 2.
  7. Release Ctrl.

Moving Objects to or from a Diskette 139/2

There are times when you need to move an object (copy the object to a different location and delete it from the original location). Note: If you want to move the object to a folder object or another drive object, the target object must be visible before you start the move. To move an object from the diskette in Drive A to another location:

  1. Place a diskette into drive A.
  2. Open Drive A.
  3. Point to the object you want to move.
  4. Press and hold Shift.
  5. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  6. Drag the object to a folder, the Desktop, or another drive object.
  7. Release mouse button 2.
  8. Release Shift.

Note: When moving an object from a diskette, the Shift key must be used with mouse button 2. To move an object from another location to the diskette in Drive A:

  1. Place the diskette you want to move the object to into drive A.
  2. Point to the object you want to move.
  3. Press and hold Shift.
  4. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  5. Drag the object to the Drive A object.
  6. Release mouse button 2.
  7. Release Shift.

Note: When moving an object to a diskette, the Shift key must be used with mouse button 2.

Deleting Objects from a Diskette 140/2

You can delete (erase) unwanted objects from a diskette. To delete an object from a diskette:

  1. Place the diskette you want to delete the object from into drive A.
  2. Open Drive A.
  3. Point to the object you want to delete.
  4. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  5. Drag the object to the Shredder.
  6. Release mouse button 2.

Formatting a Diskette 141/2

You can format a diskette using the Drive A object. When a diskette is formatted, it is checked for defects and prepared to accept data. During this process, all existing data is erased from the diskette. To format a diskette:

  1. Place the diskette you want to format into drive A.
  2. Point to Drive A.
  3. Click mouse button 2.
  4. Select Format disk.
  5. When the Format Disk window appears, type a Volume Label (name for the
     disk or diskette).
  6. Select Format.
  7. When the format is complete, select OK.

Checking a Diskette 142/2

You can check a diskette for:

  • Defects, which are errors in the file allocation table or directory on the diskette. If you select Write corrections to disk, any problems found will be fixed.
  • Current usage, which is the amount of the diskette used for directories, user files, and extended attributes. It also indicates the amount of space that is reserved on the diskette.
  • File system type, which is the type of file system on the diskette. (All diskettes are formatted for the FAT file system.)
  • Total disk space, which is the capacity of the diskette in bytes.
  • Total amount of disk space available, which is the amount of free space left on the diskette.

To check a diskette:

  1. Place the diskette to be checked into drive A.
  2. Point to Drive A.
  3. Click mouse button 2.
  4. Select Check disk.
  5. Select Write corrections to disk.
  6. Select Check.
  7. After a few seconds, the Check Disk - Results window is displayed. Select Cancel to remove the window.

Using Command Prompts 143/1+

The Command Prompts folder contains objects that open DOS, OS/2, and WIN-OS/2 sessions. A session is one instance of a command prompt or started program. Each session is separate from all other sessions that might be running on the computer. To open the Command Prompts object:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.

OS/2 Command Prompts 144/2

The OS/2 Full-Screen and OS/2 Window objects are used to access an OS/2 command prompt. At these command prompts, you can start programs and enter OS/2 commands. For a description of OS/2 commands that can be used at these prompts, see the OS/2 Command Reference in the Information folder. To start an OS/2 command prompt session:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Open OS/2 Full Screen, OS/2 Window, or both.

When you close a session, the session and its related windows are automatically closed. Make sure that you save all important data in the session before you close it.

To close an OS/2 command prompt session:
  1. Type Exit.
  2. Press Enter.

You can switch (temporarily leave without closing) from an OS/2 command prompt session to another running program. When you switch sessions, your command prompt session is saved and then restored when you switch back.

To temporarily leave an OS/2 command prompt session:
  1. Press Ctrl+Esc.
  2. Point to a title on the Window List.
  3. Double-click.
or:
  1. Press Alt+Esc to switch to another open object.

DOS Command Prompts 145/2

The DOS Full-Screen and DOS Window objects are used to access a DOS command prompt. At these command prompts, you can start programs and enter DOS commands. For a description of DOS commands that can be used at these prompts, see the OS/2 Command Reference in the Information folder. To start a DOS command prompt session:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Open DOS Full Screen, DOS Window, or both.

When you close a session, the session and its related windows are automatically closed. Make sure that you save all important data in the session before you close it.

To close a DOS command prompt session:
  1. Type Exit.
  2. Press Enter.

You can switch from a DOS command prompt session to another running program. When you switch sessions, your command prompt session is saved and then restored when you switch back.

To temporarily leave a DOS command prompt session:
  1. Press Ctrl+Esc.
  2. Point to a title on the Window List.
  3. Double-click.
or:
  1. Press Alt+Esc to display the Desktop.

DOS from Drive A 146/2+

The DOS from Drive A object is used to start a specific version (3.0 or later) of DOS from a diskette. By using a specific version of DOS, you can use programs that will not run under the DOS provided with OS/2. Before you can start a specific DOS version from a diskette, you must create the diskette used to start the DOS version. This diskette is commonly known as a DOS Startup diskette or DOS bootable diskette.

Creating a DOS Startup Diskette 147/3

Note: If you already have a DOS Startup diskette, go to step 6 to make sure the diskette is set up to work correctly with the DOS from Drive A object.

To create a DOS Startup diskette:
  1. Boot your system with a version of DOS.  You can use a:
       o  DOS installation diskette
       o  Hard disk that DOS has been installed on
       o  Diskette that DOS has been installed on
  2. Type FORMAT A: /S
  3. Place a blank diskette into drive A.
  4. Press Enter.  This transfers the system files to the diskette.
  5. When the format is complete, remove the diskette.
  6. Start OS/2 by pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del.
  7. Select OS/2 System.
  8. Select Drives.
  9. Select Drive C.
 10. Open the OS/2 folder; then open the MDOS folder.
 11. Place the formatted diskette containing the system files into drive A.
 12. Copy the following data-file objects from Drive C to the Drive A object:
       o  FSFILTER.SYS
       o  FSACCESS.EXE You can copy as many additional DOS files to the
         diskette as you want.
 13. Open the Templates folder.
 14. Copy a Data File object to the Desktop.
 15. Point to the data-file object and double-click.  The OS/2 System Editor
     starts.
 16. Type the following information into the data file:
     DEVICE=FSFILTER.SYS
     DEVICE=C:\OS2\MDOS\HIMEM.SYS
     DEVICE=C:\OS2\MDOS\EMM386.SYS
     DOS=HIGH,UMB
     DEVICEHIGH=C:\OS2\MDOS\ANSI.SYS
     FILES=20
     BUFFERS=20
 17. Point to the title-bar icon of the OS/2 System Editor; then double-click.
 18. Select Save as; then type A:\CONFIG.SYS and press Enter.
 19. Point to the data-file object again and double-click.
 20. Type the following information into the data file:
     ECHO OFF
     PROMPT $P$G
     SET COMSPEC=A:\COMMAND.COM
     C:\OS2\MDOS\MOUSE.COM
     PATH A:\
 21. Point to the title-bar icon of the OS/2 System Editor; then double-click.
 22. Select Save as; then type A:\AUTOEXEC.BAT and press Enter.

Starting DOS from Drive A 148/3

To start a DOS from Drive A session:

  1. Insert the DOS Startup diskette in drive A.
  2. Open OS/2 System.
  3. Open Command Prompts.
  4. Open DOS from Drive A.
To close a DOS from Drive A session:
  1. Press Ctrl+Esc.
  2. Point to DOS from Drive A in the Window List.
  3. Click mouse button 2.
  4. Click on Close.
You can switch from a DOS from Drive A session to another running program.
When you switch sessions, your command prompt session is saved and then
restored when you switch back.
To temporarily leave a DOS from Drive A session:
  1. Press Ctrl+Esc.
  2. Point to a title on the Window List.
  3. Double-click.
or:
  1. Press Alt+Esc to display the Desktop.

WIN-OS/2 Full Screen 149/2

The WIN-OS/2 Full-Screen object is used to run multiple Windows programs in a full-screen session. For more information about WIN-OS/2, see the online WIN-OS/2 Book located in the Information folder. To start a WIN-OS/2 Full-Screen session:

  1. open the object.
To close a WIN-OS/2 full-screen session:
  1. Point to the title-bar icon.
  2. Double-click.
To switch to the OS/2 Desktop:
  1. Point to the OS/2 Desktop object in the lower left corner of the screen.
  2. Double-click.

Starting Multiple Sessions 150/2

You can have multiple sessions of any object open. To open more than one session of an object:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Copy one of the objects (for example, DOS Window) by holding down the Ctrl
     key and mouse button 2 and dragging the object to the same or another
     folder.  Then release the mouse button and the Ctrl key.
  4. Open the object to start the session.
  5. Repeat the steps to create and open another session.
Or, if you need multiple copies of objects often, you can alter the settings of
the object so that it creates another session every time you open it.  Do the
following:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Point to the object.
  4. Click mouse button 2.
  5. Select Settings.
  6. Select the Window tab.
  7. Select the Create new window radio button.
  8. Close the notebook by double-clicking mouse button 1 on the title-bar
     icon.  Now, each time you select the object a new session starts.

Starting and Exiting BASICA and QBASIC 151/2

To start the BASICA or QBASIC programs: Note: BASICA will only run on IBM computers.

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Open OS/2 Full Screen, OS/2 Window, DOS Full Screen, or DOS Window.
  4. Type BASICA or QBASIC at the command prompt; then press Enter.
To exit the BASICA program:
  1. Type SYSTEM.
  2. Press Enter.
To exit the QBASIC program:
  1. Select File.
  2. Select Exit.
  3. Select Enter.

Cleaning Up Your Desktop 152/1+

The Minimized Window Viewer is where open objects are stored when they are minimized. This keeps your desktop organized but still allows you to have multiple objects open and running. To open the Minimized Window Viewer:

  1. Point to Minimized Window Viewer.
  2. Double-click.

Displaying an Object in the Minimized Window Viewer 153/2

The objects in the Minimized Window Viewer are still open, but they are running in the background (cannot accept user input). To display an object found in the Minimized Window Viewer:

  1. Open the Minimized Window Viewer.
  2. Point to the object.
  3. Double-click.
or:
  1. Point to an empty area on the desktop.
  2. Click mouse buttons 1 and 2 at the same time.
  3. Point to the title of the object you want to display.
  4. Double-click.
Note:  There may be more titles in the Window List than objects in the
Minimized Window Viewer, because hidden windows are also displayed in the
Window List.

Minimizing an Object to the Desktop 154/2

Some frequently used objects might be easier to re-access if they are minimized to the desktop instead of the Minimized Window Viewer. To make an object minimize to the desktop:

  1. Point to the object you want to minimize to the desktop.
  2. Click mouse button 2.
  3. Select Settings.
  4. Select the Window tab.
  5. Select Minimize button.  (If the choice is present.)
  6. Select Minimize window to desktop.
  7. Point to the title-bar icon.
  8. Double-click.

Minimizing an Object to the Minimized Window Viewer 155/2

Most objects by default are set up to minimize to the Minimized Window Viewer. However, some objects are not. To make an object minimize to the Minimized Window Viewer:

  1. Point to the object you want to minimize to the Minimized Window Viewer.
  2. Click mouse button 2.
  3. Select Settings.
  4. Select the Window tab.
  5. Select Minimize button.  (If the choice is present.)
  6. Select Minimize window to viewer.
  7. Point to the title-bar icon.
  8. Double-click.

Using the Shredder 156/1+

The Shredder object provides a quick and easy way to delete objects. It is located on the LaunchPad . To delete an object:

  1. Point to the object.
  2. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  3. Drag the object to the Shredder.
  4. Release mouse button 2.
  5. Respond to confirmation messages (if applicable).

Customizing the Delete Confirmations 157/2

You can change the settings of your desktop to specify when confirmation messages appear, if any, when you delete an object. The following confirmation choices are available:

Confirm on folder delete  Displays a confirmation message whenever a folder
                          object is deleted using the Shredder object or a
                          pop-up menu.
Confirm on delete         Displays a confirmation message whenever an object is
                          deleted using the Shredder object or a pop-up menu.
    Important Disabling the confirmation messages increases your chances of
    accidentally deleting an object.
To change the settings:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open System.
  4. Select the Confirmations tab.
  5. Make sure a check mark appears in each choice that you want to enable.  To
     add or remove a check mark, select the choice.
  6. Point to the title-bar icon.
  7. Double-click.

Preparing Your System to Recover Deleted Objects 158/2

Chances are that at some point you will accidentally delete an object that you need. You can recover a deleted object if the DELDIR environment variable is enabled in your CONFIG.SYS file prior to deleting the object. To enable DELDIR:

  1. Edit your C:\CONFIG.SYS file and remove the REM statement from the
     beginning of the DELDIR statement.
       a. Open OS/2 System.
       b. Open Drives.
       c. Open Drive C.  (If the OS/2 operating system is installed on a
          different drive, open that drive instead.)
       d. After the Drive C object opens, a tree view of its contents is
          displayed.  Open the Drive C entry in the tree.
       e. Open the C:\CONFIG.SYS file.
       f. Select Edit.
       g. Select Find.
       h. Type DELDIR (all caps) in the Find field.
       i. Select Find.  (If the DELDIR statement is not found, see the online
          Command Reference for instructions on how to add it.)
       j. Select the beginning of the DELDIR line.
       k. Delete REM from the beginning of the line using the Del key.
       l. Point to the title-bar icon.
       m. Double-click.
       n. Select Save.
       o. Select Type.
       p. Select Set.
  2. Shut down your system; then restart it.  Changes made to the CONFIG.SYS
     object are not initiated until the system is restarted.
The DELDIR statement specifies the size of the directory used to hold deleted
objects.  When the directory is full, the oldest files in the directory are
removed in order to make room for the new objects.
If you delete an object, recover it as soon as possible afterwards, or it might
be too late.  For more information about DELDIR, see the online Command
Reference.
Note:  To be able to recover objects deleted in a DOS session, repeat the
preceding procedure on the AUTOEXEC.BAT file.

Recovering Deleted Objects 159/2

You can recover a deleted or erased object using the UNDELETE command. Note: The DELDIR environment variable must be enabled prior to the deletion of the object. For more information about DELDIR, see Preparing Your System to Recover Deleted Objects.

To recover a deleted object:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Open a DOS or OS/2 window.
  4. Type UNDELETE /L and press Enter to see a list of file names associated
     with the recently deleted objects.
  5. Write down the complete path and file name.  Include the drive letter,
     directory names, and the file name.  For example:
     C:\OS2\SAMPLE.TXT
  6. Type UNDELETE followed by the complete path and file name.  For example:
     UNDELETE C:\OS2\SAMPLE.TXT
  7. Press Enter.
The file associated with the deleted object has now been successfully
recovered.  For more information about UNDELETE, see the online Command
Reference.
To place the object back on the desktop:
  1. Open Drives.
  2. Open the drive that contains the recovered file (object).
  3. Find the object on the drive.
  4. Point to the object.
  5. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  6. Drag the object to the desktop.
  7. Release mouse button 2.

Using Templates 160/1+

A template is an object that you can use as a model to create additional objects. When you drag a template, you create another of the original object, as though you were peeling one of the objects off a stack. The new object has the same settings and contents as the templates in the stack.

Creating an Object from the Templates Folder 161/2+

You can create new objects by using the objects in the Templates folder. To open the Templates folder:

  1. Point to the Templates object on the Desktop.
  2. Double-click.

Creating a Folder Object 162/3

To use the Folder template to create a new folder:

  1. Open Templates.
  2. Point to the Folder template.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag a copy of the Folder template to the Desktop or to another folder.
  5. Release mouse button 2.  An empty folder is created.
  6. Rename the folder (for example, "My new folder").  For information about
     renaming, see the OS/2 Tutorial.
You can drag any objects you want (for example, program objects and data-file
objects) to the new folder.
    Tip The operating system will add new templates when you install programs
    that support them.  The MMPM/2 application supports templates for digital
    audio, MIDI, and digital video files.

Creating a Data-File Object 163/3

To use the Data File template to create a data-file object:

  1. Open Templates.
  2. Move the mouse pointer to the Data-File template.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag the Data-File template to any folder (including the Desktop folder).
     A new data-file object is created.
  5. Open the data-file object to begin editing the file with the System
     Editor.
  6. When you are ready to save the file, select File; then select Save.
     Respond to the system prompts (for example, in the Save notification
     window, indicate if you want a file type such as plain text).
  7. Double-click mouse button 1 on the title-bar icon to close the window.
  8. Rename the object currently titled "Data File".  Refer to the OS/2
     Tutorial.
Note:  If you use Save as on the File menu instead of Save, another object is
created with the new name. "Data File" remains an empty file.
If you open a data-file object that is not associated with any other program,
it automatically opens in the OS/2 System Editor.  If you prefer, you can
associate the data-file object with one or more program objects (for more
information, see the Master Help Index).  For more information about using the
OS/2 System Editor, select Help on the menu.

Creating a Program Object 164/3

A program object starts a program or a session. If you install a new OS/2, DOS, or Windows program, you might need to run the Add Programs program in the System Setup folder to create a program object. This is the recommended method of creating a program object. You also can create a program object using the Templates folder.

  1. Open Templates.
  2. Move the mouse pointer to the Program template.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag the Program template to a folder or to the Desktop.
  5. Customize the program object using the Settings notebook.  For example,
     select the session type, name the program object, or set up the
     associations.

Creating a Template of an Object 165/2

You can create a template of an object when you have an existing object (such as a form letter with a company letterhead) and you need another one. For example, you could make the form letter a template and then customize it for different customers. The new object will have the same settings (such as associations) and contents as the original. To create a template of an object:

  1. Display the pop-up menu for the object by pointing at the object and then
     clicking mouse button 2.
  2. Select Settings.
  3. Select the General tab.
  4. Select the Template check box.
  5. Close the Settings notebook.
The object is now displayed as a template.
Drag a copy of the object from the template whenever you need a new copy.
Customize the new object to your preference.  For example, you can change the
name of the object and add a new icon (see the OS/2 Tutorial or the Master Help
Index).
If you want to move a stack of templates, rather than create an object from the
top template, press the Shift key while dragging the stack.

Creating Another Object 166/2

All objects that have a Create another choice in their pop-up menu have a cascaded menu that lists their templates. When you create a template of your own, it is added to the cascaded menu. The result of Create another is identical to creating an object from a template.

If you select Create another from the pop-up menu of an object, a new object

with the same default settings and data is created. If you select the arrow to the right of Create another, a cascaded menu is displayed. This menu contains a listing of all the template objects you created. You can select one of the choices to create another object from that template. For example, suppose you created a template and named it "Company letterhead." This template is listed as a choice on the cascaded menu. Whenever you need to create a similar letter, select Company letterhead. The new data-file object contains whatever was in the original "Company letterhead" and the same settings (such as associations). To create another object using a pop-up menu:

  1. Display the pop-up menu for the object by pointing at the object and then
     clicking mouse button 2.
  2. Select Create another if you want to use one of your templates, or select
     the arrow to the right of Create another and select a template choice.
Note:  The new object appears in the active folder; for example, if the object
is on the Desktop, the duplicate appears on the Desktop.

Setting Up Printers 167/1+

If you installed a printer when you installed OS/2, a printer object is on your Desktop. The printer object is used to print jobs (data files) and check their progress. If you want to add a printer object, see Installing a Printer. Note: The explanations and instructions in this chapter apply to printers and plotters. Each printer object represents a certain arrangement of hardware, software, and configurations, which simplifies the printing process. Printer objects can represent local printers and network printers. Local printers are connected to individual computers or individual workstations on a network. Network printers are connected to local area network (LAN) servers and can be used by workstations connected to the network. For more detailed information about printer and printing, see the OS/2 Tutorial and the online Printing in OS/2 book located in the Information folder.

Installing a Printer 168/2+

Even if you did not select a printer during the OS/2 installation, you still can add a printer to the system. There are several different procedures to choose from. From the following list, choose the procedure that best describes your situation, then follow the instructions to add the printer.

  o  Create a printer object but use a printer driver that is currently
     installed on the system.  See Creating a Printer Object.
  o  Create a printer object and install a new printer driver to use with it.
     See Creating a Printer Object and Installing a Printer Driver.
  o  Install a new printer driver but use an existing printer object. See
     Installing a Printer Driver Only.
  o  Change the printer driver being used with an existing printer object.  See
     Changing Printer Drivers.
  o  Install a Windows printer driver for use with WIN-OS/2. See Installing a
     Printer Driver for a WIN-OS/2 Session.
  o  Install an OEM (Other Equipment Manufacturer) printer driver for use with
     Windows. See Installing a Printer Driver from Another Manufacturer for a
     WIN-OS/2 Session.
Note:  When you create an OS/2 printer object, you might be prompted to create
an equivalent Windows printer object.  If you choose to create the Windows
printer object, you also are prompted to install a Windows printer driver.

Creating a Printer Object 169/3

This procedure involves adding a printer object and selecting a printer driver. Use this procedure if you have existing printer drivers installed on your system and you want this new printer object to use one of them. To create a printer object to use with an existing printer driver:

  1. Open Templates.
  2. Point to the Printer template.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag the template to a folder or the Desktop.
  5. Release mouse button 2.  The Create a Printer window is displayed.
  6. Type a name for the printer in the Name field.
  7. Select the port to which the printer is connected.
  8. Select the printer driver that corresponds to your printer model.
  9. Select Create.
 10. Respond to the "Do you want to install an equivalent WIN-OS/2 printer
     configuration" question; then follow the instructions on the screen to
     complete the installation.
A new printer object is on your Desktop.  If you want to customize the settings
for this new printer object, see Setting Printer Properties.

Creating a Printer Object and Installing a Printer Driver 170/3

This procedure involves creating a printer object and installing a printer driver. Use this procedure if you want to create a printer object and install a new printer driver.

  1. Open Templates.
  2. Point to the Printer template.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag the template to a folder or the Desktop.
  5. Release mouse button 2.
  6. Type a name for the printer in the Name field.
  7. Select the port to which the printer is connected.
  8. Select Install new printer driver.
  9. Use the instructions in the following list to install your printer driver:
       o  If your printer driver came with the OS/2 operating system, follow
          the instructions for Printer Driver Shipped with OS/2.
       o  If your printer driver did not come with the OS/2 operating system,
          follow the instructions for Other Printer Driver.
Printer Driver Shipped with OS/2
  1. Select one or more printer drivers in the list.
  2. Select Install.
  3. Ensure that the information in the Directory field is correct.
  4. Select OK.
  5. Select create to create the printer object.
Other Printer Driver
  1. Select Other OS/2 printer driver
  2. Insert the diskette containing the printer drivers in drive A or type the
     appropriate drive designation and path in the Directory field.
  3. Select Refresh.  Wait until the window fills with printer drivers.
  4. Select one or more drivers.  If the driver you need is not listed, insert
     another diskette or change the information in the Directory field and
     select Refresh again.
  5. Select Install.
  6. Select Create to create the printer object.
A new printer object is on your Desktop.  If you want to customize the settings
for this new printer object, see Setting Printer Properties.
    Tip Many printers have multiple printer drivers available.  For example,
    Hewlett Packard has several drivers for their LaserJet IIID printer. To
    ensure that you get the correct driver with the printer model you select,
    scroll the Printer Driver field to the right until you can see the name of
    the printer driver.

Installing a Printer Driver Only 171/3

Sometimes you have an existing printer object, but you do not have the correct printer driver on your system. This might happen if you add a different printer to your system. To install a new driver for an existing printer object:

  1. Point to the printer object.
  2. Click mouse button 2.
  3. Select Settings.
  4. Select the Printer driver tab.
  5. Point to one of the printer driver objects.
  6. Click mouse button 2.
  7. Select Install.
  8. Use the instructions in the following list to install your printer driver:
       o  If your printer driver came with the OS/2 operating system, follow
          the instructions for Printer Driver Shipped with OS/2.
       o  If your printer driver did not come with the OS/2 operating system,
          follow the instructions for Other Printer Driver.
Printer Driver Shipped with OS/2
  1. Select one or more printer drivers in the list.
  2. Select Install.
  3. Ensure that the information in the Directory field is correct.
  4. Select OK.
Other Printer Driver
  1. Select Other OS/2 printer driver.
  2. Insert the diskette containing the printer drivers in drive A or type the
     appropriate drive designation and path in the Directory field.
  3. Select Refresh.
  4. Select one or more drivers.  If the driver you need is not listed, insert
     another diskette or change the information in the Directory field and
     select Refresh again.
  5. Select Install.
A new printer driver is installed.  If you want to customize the settings for
this new printer driver, see Setting Printer Properties.
    Tip Many printers have multiple printer drivers available.  For example,
    Hewlett Packard has several drivers for their LaserJet IIID printer. To
    ensure that you get the correct driver with the printer model you select,
    scroll the Printer Driver field to the right until you can see the printer
    driver name.

Changing Printer Drivers 172/3

You might already have both the printer object and the printer driver installed on your system, but you need to connect them. This might happen if you like to use different printer drivers with a printer object. To change to a different printer driver:

  1. Point to the printer object.
  2. Click mouse button 2.
  3. Select Settings.
  4. Select the Printer driver tab.
  5. Select the printer driver.
  6. Point to the title-bar icon.
  7. Double-click.
The printer object is now set up to use a different printer driver. See Setting
Printer Properties for information about setting the properties to match the
capabilities of the new printer driver.

Installing a Printer Driver for a WIN-OS/2 Session 173/3

Windows programs print directly to the OS/2 spooler. Therefore, multiple print jobs can be spooled from one WIN-OS/2 session or multiple WIN-OS/2 sessions. To install a printer driver in Windows:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Open WIN-OS/2 Full Screen.
  4. Open WIN-OS/2 Main.
  5. Open Control Panel.
  6. Open Printers.
  7. Select Add and then select a printer driver in the list.
  8. Select Install.
  9. Insert the diskette containing the printer drivers in drive A or type the
     appropriate drive designation and path in the Install Driver pop-up
     window.
 10. Select OK.
 11. Select Connect.
 12. Select LPT1.OS2, LPT2.OS2, or LPT3.OS2.
     Note:  You can select a COMx port, but no spooling to the OS/2 Print
     object will occur.  However, you will still be able to use the Print
     Manager in Windows.
 13. Select OK.
 14. Select the printer that you want to assign as the default.
 15. Select the Set as Default Printer pushbutton.
 16. Select Close.

Installing a Printer Driver from Another Manufacturer for a WIN-OS/2 Session 174/3

OS/2 has a wide variety of printer drivers available for use with Windows. However, there might be times when you want to use a driver supplied by another printer manufacturer. To add a Windows printer driver supplied by another printer manufacturer:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Open WIN-OS/2 Full Screen
  4. Open WIN-OS/2 Main
  5. Open Control Panel.
  6. Open Printers.
  7. Select Add.
  8. Select Unlisted Printer from the beginning of the list of printers.
  9. Select Install.
 10. Insert the diskette containing the printer drivers in drive A or type the
     appropriate drive designation and path in the Install Driver pop-up
     window.
 11. Select OK.
 12. Select Connect.
 13. Select LPT1.OS2, LPT2.OS2, or LPT3.OS2.
 14. Select OK.
 15. Select the printer that you want to assign as the default.
 16. Select the Set as Default Printer pushbutton.
 17. Select Close.
    Tip If you also want to create an OS/2 printer object for use with the same
    driver, follow the instructions for Creating a Printer Object and make the
    following selections:
      o  Select the same port you selected for your printer, using the Windows
         Control Panel.
      o  Select the OS/2 printer driver, IBMNULL, as the default driver.
         (IBMNULL is installed during system installation.)

Setting Printer Properties 175/2

A printer driver has settings called printer properties. Printer properties describe the way your printer is physically set up. Examples of printer properties are:

  o  Type of paper feed (tractor or bin)
  o  Number and location of paper trays
  o  Forms defined for your printer
  o  Forms loaded in the paper feed or trays of your printer
  o  Font cartridges loaded on the printer
  o  Installed soft fonts
  o  Additional features installed, such as extended symbol sets and patterns
  o  Resolution
  o  Orientation
  o  Compression
Examples of plotter properties are:
  o  Number of carousels
  o  Active carousel
  o  Color type of each pen in a carousel
The number and kind of properties available depend upon the type of printer or
plotter you have.
To set the printer properties:
  1. Point to the printer object.
  2. Click mouse button 2.
  3. Select Settings.
  4. Select the Printer driver tab.
  5. Point to a printer driver.
  6. Click mouse button 2.
  7. Select Settings.
  8. Change the properties to match your printer setup.
  9. Point to the title-bar icon.
 10. Double-click.
Your printer object is now set up to print a job.  For information about how to
print a job, see the online Printing in OS/2 book located in the Information
Folder.

Using Productivity Tools and Games 176/1+

The Productivity folder provides programs that assist you in editing text and icons, searching for files or text and displaying system utilization., Each productivity program has a set of help menus to assist you with using the program. The Games folder provides you with games for your entertainment.

The Productivity Folder 177/2+

To open a Productivity program:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Productivity.
  3. Open the program you want to use.

For information about using a program in the Productivity folder, press F1 after the program is opened.

Clipboard Viewer 178/3

Clipboard Viewer is a program that enables you to view the contents of the OS/2 clipboard. The system clipboard is used to share information between programs in the same session or in different sessions (for information about sessions, see Using Command Prompts). It temporarily holds data being passed from one program to another. You can copy or cut information to the clipboard from a program in one session and then paste the information from the clipboard to a program in a different session. For more information about the clipboard, refer to the online book Windows Programs in OS/2

Enhanced Editor 179/3

Enhanced Editor is an editor you can use to create and edit text files. It also enables you to work on multiple files at the same time. You can start the Enhanced Editor by opening its object or by typing EPM at the OS/2 command prompt and pressing Enter. The Enhanced Editor has a number of features and functions. These features and functions are thoroughly explained in the Quick Reference help file located under the Help menu bar choice of the Enhanced Editor.

Icon Editor    180/3

Icon Editor is a tool that enables you to create, edit, and convert image files.

These files include icons, bit maps, and pointers.  An icon is a graphical

representation of an object or a minimized program. A bit map is a special type of image made up of a series of dots. (The OS/2 logo is an example of a bit map.) A pointer is a small symbol on the screen that reflects the movement of the mouse.

OS/2 System Editor    181/3

The OS/2 System Editor is used to create and edit text files. You can use the System Editor to edit your CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT system files. The System Editor runs in a window. You can start several sessions of the System Editor so that you can edit several files at once. You can start the System Editor two ways:

  o  By selecting its object
  o  Opening a data file associated with the System Editor.  (All data files
     area associated with the System Editor by default.)
  o  By typing E (and pressing Enter) at an OS/2 command line If you want to
     edit a particular file, you follow the E with a space and then type the
     path and file name of the file.
Picture Viewer    182/3

Picture Viewer displays and prints metafile (.MET) and picture interchange format (.PIF) files. You also can view spooler (.SPL) files; however, the file must contain a picture in a standard OS/2 format. Note: Picture Viewer does not support multiple-page metafiles.

Picture Viewer lets you zoom in or zoom out of a picture after it is displayed.
 Move the mouse pointer to the portion of the picture you want to zoom in and
then double-click mouse button 1.
Pulse    183/3

Pulse is a system monitor. Use Pulse to see a graphic representation of how different activities affect the system and how much processor power is still available for other programs. You can change the colors of the graphic, adjust the graph line, and freeze the screen image.

Seek and Scan Files    184/3

Seek and Scan Files is a program that quickly searches one or more disks for files or text. When a file match is found, it is displayed in a selection list.

Then you can open (or run) the selected file.
The Games Folder    185/2+

The Games folder contains Klondike Solitaire, OS/2 Chess and Mahjongg. To start a game:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Games.
  3. Open the game you want to play.
For information about playing a game in the Games folder, press F1 after the
game is opened.
Klondike Solitaire    186/3

Klondike Solitaire is a popular card game for one person. The object of this game is to find the aces and build on them in suit and in ascending order. You use the mouse to move the cards to their new location.

OS/2 Chess    187/3

With OS/2 Chess, you can play a game of chess against another person playing on the same computer or on a network workstation. You also can play against the computer. The object of the game is to checkmate your opponent's king.

Mahjongg    188/3

Mahjongg is a popular version of the ancient Chinese tile game. The object of this game is to remove all the tiles by matching all the pairs.

Using the Information    189/1+

The Information folder contains information to aid you in using OS/2. To open the Information folder:

  1. Point to Information
  2. Double-click.
The Information folder contains all the online documents described in this
chapter.
Using OS/2    190/2

The OS/2 Tutorial is an interactive and animated look at the OS/2 Workplace Shell interface. It explains how to use a mouse, work with objects and folders, use windows, and get help. If you are new to OS/2, you should spend the 40 minutes (approximate) it takes to go through the tutorial. You will find that it is time well spent. To start the OS/2 Tutorial:

  1. Open Information
  2. Open Tutorial
Command Reference    191/2+

Before there were friendly operating system interfaces like the Workplace Shell, computer users communicated with a computer using a predefined set of instructions called commands. Users would type a command at a prompt, and the computer would perform the requested task. Some people still like to communicate with the computer in this way. For that reason, OS/2 supplies both DOS and OS/2 command prompts and the OS/2 Command Reference. The Command Reference explains each OS/2 and DOS command, graphically shows the correct syntax of the command, and gives examples of when and how to use the command. In addition, it explains the commands that can be used to create a batch file (a series of commands that are processed sequentially). Batch files are useful for automating the entering of commands that are used over and over again. To open the OS/2 Command Reference:

  1. Open Information.
  2. Open Command Reference.
To open the OS/2 Command Reference and get information about a specific
command:
  1. At an OS/2 command prompt, type HELP followed by the name of the command.
     For example:
     HELP COPY
  2. Press Enter.  The Command Reference is opened to the COPY command page.
Using the Contents Window    192/3

The Contents window is the first window that appears when the Command Reference is opened. Notice that some of the topics in this window have a plus (+) sign beside them. The plus sign indicates that additional topics are available. To expand the Contents and view the additional topics:

  1. Select the + sign.
To collapse the topics in the Contents:
  1. Select the - sign.
To open a topic:
  1. Point to the title of the topic.
  2. Double-click.
Obtaining Additional Information    193/3

When a topic is opened, the information for the topic is displayed in a window. Highlighted words and phrases in the window indicate that additional information is hidden "beneath" the word or phrase. To view the additional information:

  1. Point to the highlighted word or phrase.
  2. Double-click.
To return to the previous window of information:
  1. Select Previous.
Searching for Information    194/3

There might be times when you are using the Command Reference when you have an idea of what you want, but you cannot remember where it is. The search function can help you find the information you need. To search for a word or phrase in all the topics in the Command Reference:

  1. Select Search.
  2. Type the word or words you want to find.  You can also use the ? and *
     wildcard characters in the search field.
  3. Make sure that All sections is selected; then select Search.
A Search Results window appears containing a list of topics that have the word
or phrase that you were trying to find.  To open a topic, point to a topic and
double-click.
Sometimes, you have a general idea where the information is.  You can limit the
search to those topics by marking the topics.
To mark a topic:
  1. Press and hold Ctrl.
  2. Select the topics that you want to search.
  3. Release Ctrl.
To unmark a topic:
  1. Press and hold Ctrl.
  2. Select the topic.
  3. Release Ctrl.
To search for a word or phrase in marked topics:
  1. Select the + signs in the Contents window.
  2. Mark the topics you want to search.
  3. Select Search.
  4. Type the word or words you want to find.
  5. Make sure that Marked sections is selected; then select Search.
When the Search Results window appears, open the topics and read them.
Using a Bookmark    195/3

Information that you refer to frequently can be flagged using a bookmark. Setting a bookmark duplicates the topic in a bookmark window. To set a bookmark:

  1. Open the topic that you want to mark with a bookmark.
  2. Select Services.
  3. Select Bookmark.
  4. Change the name used for the bookmark (optional).
  5. Make sure Place is selected; then select OK.
To view bookmarked information:
  1. Select Services.
  2. Select Bookmark.
  3. Select View.
  4. Select the topic you want to open.
  5. Select OK.
To remove a bookmark:
  1. Select Services.
  2. Select Bookmark.
  3. Select Remove.
  4. Select the topic you want to remove.
  5. Select OK.
Printing a Topic    196/3

Some people prefer to read information in a hardcopy format. You can print a topic, some topics, all topics, the table of contents, and the index of the Command Reference. To print a topic:

  1. Open the topic you want to print.
  2. Select Print.
  3. Make sure that This section is selected; then select Print.
To print more than one topic:
  1. Press and hold Ctrl.
  2. Select the topics that you want to print.
  3. Release Ctrl.
  4. Select Print.
  5. Make sure that Marked sections is selected; then select Print.
To print the table of contents, index, or all the topics:
  1. Select Print.
  2. Select the item you want to print.
  3. Select Print.
Note:  The Contents and Index choices only print the entries; they do not print
the text associated with the entries.  The All sections choice prints the
entire Command Reference.  Before electing to do this, be aware that the
document is large and will take a long time to print.

Glossary 197/2

The Glossary is an alphabetic listing of terms used in the Workplace Shell interface and the online help system. To open the Glossary:

  1. Open Information.
  2. Open Glossary.

There are three ways to find a term in the glossary. You can type the first letter of the word you are looking for, scroll through the list or use the search function.

To scroll through the list to find a term in the glossary:

  1. Select the letter that the word begins with. If the letter is not visible, select the tab arrow until the letter is visible; then select the letter.
  2. Select the up or down arrow in the scroll bar until the term is visible.
  3. Point to the term.
  4. Double-click.

To use the search function to find a term in the glossary:

  1. Select Search topics.
  2. Type the term that you want to find.
  3. Select Search.
  4. When the list of matching entries appears, point to the term; then double-click.

REXX Information 198/2+

REXX is a procedures language designed to make basic OS/2 programs easier to write and debug. Both beginning and experienced programmers will find REXX easy to use because it uses common English words, arithmetic and string functions, and OS/2 commands within a simple framework. To view the REXX Information:

  1. Open Information.
  2. Open REXX Information.

For information about using the Contents window, searching, printing and getting additional information, see Command Reference.

Displaying Help for OS/2 Messages 199/3

You can get information to help you understand, correct, and respond to OS/2 messages. The way you request help depends upon how and where the message is displayed. To get help for a message that appears in a window with a Help push button:

  1. Select the Help push button.

To get help for a message that appears on a full screen and is enclosed in a box:

  1. Use the up or down arrow key to highlight Display Help.
  2. Press Enter.

To get help for an error message that has a message number, preceded by the letters SYS:

  1. At the OS/2 command prompt, type HELP followed by a space and the message number. (It is not necessary to type the letters SYS or the leading zeros.)
  2. Press Enter.

For example, if you received this message:

SYS0002:  The system cannot find the file specified.

To request help for this message, type HELP 2 and then press Enter. The following help appears:

SYS0002:  The system cannot find the file specified.
EXPLANATION:  The file named in the command does not exist in the current
directory or search path specified.  Or, the file name was entered incorrectly.
ACTION:  Retry the command using the correct file name.

Mastering the Master Help Index 200/1+

The Master Help Index is an online, alphabetic list of topics available to help you while using OS/2. This index contains information about:

  • Things to consider before performing a task
  • Steps to take to complete a task
  • OS/2 concepts
  • DOS error messages

To open the Master Help Index:

  1. Open Information.
  2. Open Master Help Index

Tabs turn to the page in the index of the selected alphabet letter. Tab arrows scroll the tabs but do not scroll the index entries. Scroll bar arrows (vertical scroll bar) scroll the index entries one line at a time. Scroll bar arrows (horizontal scroll bar) scroll the index entries to the left or right so you can read information that does not fit into the window. Index entries are the online help for the OS/2 operating system.

To open an index entry for viewing:

  1. Point to the entry.
  2. Double-click.

Accessing Additional Information 201/2

When an index entry is opened, the information for the topic is displayed in a window. Some entries have highlighted words and phrases in the window, which indicate that additional information is hidden "beneath" the word or phrase.

To view the additional information:

  1. Point to the highlighted word or phrase.
  2. Double-click.

To return to the previous window of information:

  1. Select Previous.

Searching for a Topic 202/2

You can search the Master Help Index for an entry using one or more words that describe the topic. For example, to search for information about how to duplicate an object, you might search using the word "duplicate", "duplicates", or even "duplicating". The result of a search (using duplicate, duplicates, or duplicating) is "copying an object".

To search for a topic:

  1. Open the Master Help Index.
  2. Select Search topics.
  3. In the Search string field, type the word or words that describe the topic.
  4. Select Search.
  5. When the list of topics (matched items) appears, open the entry you want to read.

Printing a Master Help Index Entry 203/2

To print a Master Help Index entry:

  1. Open the index entry you want to print.
  2. Select Print topic.

For more information about using the Master Help Index, review the OS/2 Tutorial.

Appendix A

Print an object.        3 Select it; then press    3 Point to the object;
                        3 Shift+F10.  Select PRINT 3 then press and hold
                        3 from the pop-up menu.    3 down mouse button 2.
                        3                          3 Drag the object to the
                        3                          3 Printer object.
                        3                          3 Release mouse button 2.
|-
Move an object.         3 Select it; then press    3 Point to the object;
                        3 Shift+F10.  Select MOVE  3 then press and hold
                        3 from the pop-up menu.    3 down mouse button 2.
                        3                          3 Drag the object to
                        3                          3 another folder object.
                        3                          3 Release mouse button 2.
|-
Copy an object.         3 Select it; then press    3 Press and hold down the
                        3 Shift+F10.  Select COPY  3 Ctrl key; then point to
                        3 from the pop-up menu.    3 the object.  Press and
                        3                          3 hold down mouse button
                        3                          3 2.  Drag the object to
                        3                          3 where you want a copy
                        3                          3 to appear.  Release  
                        3                          3 mouse button 2; then 
                        3                          3 release the Ctrl key.
|-
Change the name of an   3 Select the object; then  3 Press and hold down the 3
object.                 3 press Shift+F10.  Press  3 Alt key; select the     3
                        3  ; then press Enter.     3 name (title).  Release  3
                        3 Select the GENERAL tab.  3 the Alt key.  Edit the  3
                        3 Select the TITLE field;  3 name.  Select an area   3
                        3 then edit the name.      3 away from the name.     3
|-
Display the pop-up menu 3 Press Alt+Shift+Tab;     3 Point to an empty area
for the desktop folder. 3 then press Ctrl+\.  Then 3 of the desktop folder;
                        3 press Shift+F10.         3 then click mouse button 2.
|-
Display the pop-up menu 3 Select it; then press    3 Point to the object;
for an object.          3 Shift+F10.               3 then click mouse button 2.
|-
Select the first choice 3 Home                     3 Select the choice.
in a pop-up menu.
|-
Select the last choice  3 End                      3 Select the choice.
in a pop-up menu.


TASK                    3 KEYS                     3 MOUSE
|-
Select a choice using   3 Type the underlined      3
the underlined letter.  3 letter.                  3
|-
Get Help.               3 Select and object; then  3 Point to the object;    3
                        3 press F1.                3 then click mouse button 3
                        3                          3 2.  Select HELP.        3
|-
Move between the object 3 Press Alt+F6.            3 Select the window or    3
and the Help window.    3                          3 object.                 3

Window Tasks

TASK                    3 KEYS                     3 MOUSE
|-
Get Help.               3 F1.                      3 Select the word HELP;   3
                        3                          3 then select the type of 3
                        3                          3 help you want.          3
|-
Display the pop-up menu 3 Alt+Spacebar             3 Point to the title-bar  3
for a window.           3                          3 icon; then click mouse  3
                        3                          3 button 2.               3
|-
Move a window.          3 Alt+F7; then use the     3 Point to the title bar; 3
                        3 arrow keys.              3 then press and hold     3
                        3                          3 down mouse button 2.    3
                        3                          3 Drag the window to the  3
                        3                          3 new location.  Release  3
                        3                          3 mouse button 2.         3
|-
Size a window.          3 Alt+F8; then use the     3 Point to the border;    3
                        3 arrow keys.              3 then press and hold     3
                        3                          3 down mouse button 2.    3
                        3                          3 Drag the border of the  3
                        3                          3 window in any direc-    3
                        3                          3 tion.  Release mouse    3
                        3                          3 button 2.               3
|-
Set a default size for  3 Press Alt; then press S. 3 Press and hold the      3
a window.               3 Use the up, down, left,  3 Shift key; then point   3
                        3 or right cursor keys to  3 to a corner of the      3
                        3 adjust two of the        3 window border.  Press   3
                        3 borders; then press      3 and hold mouse button   3
                        3 Enter.                   3 1; then drag the border 3
                        3                          3 to the desired size.    3
                        3 NOTE:  If you press the  3 Release mouse button 1; 3
                        3        mnemonic key for  3 then release the Shift  3
                        3        Hide, Minimize,   3 key.                    3
                        3        or Maximize,      3                         3
                        3        instead of the S  3                         3
                        3        for Size, the     3                         3
                        3        selected choice   3                         3
                        3        will become the   3                         3
                        3        default size of   3                         3
                        3        the window.       3                         3
|-
Minimize a window.      3 Alt+F9                   3 Select the Minimize     3
                        3                          3 button.                 3
|-
Hide a window.          3 Alt+F11                  3 Select the Hide button. 3
|-
Maximize a window.      3 Alt+F10                  3 Select the Maximize     3
                        3                          3 button.                 3
|-
Close a window.         3 Alt+F4                   3 Double-click on the     3
                        3                          3 title bar icon.         3
|-
Move up through the     3 Page Up or PgUp.         3 Select the area above   3
contents of a window,   3                          3 the slider box on the   3
one page at a time.     3                          3 scroll bar.             3
|-
Move down through the   3 Page Down or PgDn.       3 Select the area below   3
contents of a window,   3                          3 the slider box on the   3
one page at a time.     3                          3 scroll bar.             3
|-
Move to and from the    3 F10                      3 Select the menu bar or  3
menu bar.               3                          3 the window.             3

Notebook Tasks

TASK                    3 KEYS                     3 MOUSE
|-
Get Help                3 F1                       3 Select the HELP push    3
                        3                          3 button.                 3
|-
Move to the next page.  3 Alt+Page Down            3 Select a notebook tab.  3
|-
Move to the previous    3 Alt+Page Up              3 Select a notebook tab.  3
page.                   3                          3
|-
Move the cursor from    3 Alt+Up Arrow             3 Select a notebook tab.  3
the notebook page to a  3                          3
tab.                    3                          3
|-
Move the cursor from a  3 Alt+Down Arrow           3 Select the notebook
tab to the notebook     3                          3 page.
page.                   3
|-
Move to the next field. 3 Tab                      3 Select the field.       3
|-
Move to the next item   3 Up, Down, Left, or Right 3
within a field.         3 Arrow                    3
|-
Select an item in a     3 Enter                    3 Select the item.        3
single selection field. 3                          3                         3
|-
Select an item in a     3 Spacebar                 3 Select the button or    3
multiple selection      3                          3 box next to the item.   3
field.                  3                          3                         3

Master Help Index Tasks

TASK KEYS MOUSE
Open the Master Help Index. Enter Double-click on the Master Help Index.
Move through the topics, one line at a time. Select the topic.
Select the area above the slider box on the scroll bar.
Move down through the topics, one page at a time. Page Down or PgDn. Select the area below the slider box on the scroll bar.
Move up through the topics, one page at a time. Page Up or PgUp.
Move to the topics beginning with a letter. Type the letter of the alphabet Select the letter of the alphabet.
Switch between an entry and the Master Help Index. Alt+F6 Select the window.
Display related information. Use Tab to move the cursor to the entry listed under related information; then press Enter. Double-click on an entry listed under related information.
Return to the previous help window. Esc Select the PREVIOUS push button.