OS/2 Warp 3 Documentation: Difference between revisions

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#Press and hold mouse button 2 and move the object in between two objects on the LaunchPad until you see a single, solid black bar. This black bar indicates where the object will be added to the LaunchPad.
#Press and hold mouse button 2 and move the object in between two objects on the LaunchPad until you see a single, solid black bar. This black bar indicates where the object will be added to the LaunchPad.
For more information about the LaunchPad, refer to the Master Help Index, the Using OS/2 tutorial, and the help information provided with the LaunchPad.
For more information about the LaunchPad, refer to the Master Help Index, the Using OS/2 tutorial, and the help information provided with the LaunchPad.
==Part 3 - Using OS/2 57/1==
===Customizing Your System 58/1+===
The System Setup object contains objects that help you customize your system.
To open System Setup:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
or:
#Point to an empty area on the Desktop.
#Click mouse button 2.
#Select System Setup.
===Color Palette 59/2+===
The Color Palette is used to customize the colors on your screen. You can change
the color of the following parts of the Workplace Shell*:
*Desktop
*Titles of the objects on the Desktop and in folders
*Different parts of the windows, such as push buttons, scroll bars, and the background.
There are two colors palettes, one is a Solid Color Palette for low resolution displays and one is a Mixed Color Palette for high resolution displays. The Solid Color Palette contains 16 solid colors and the Mixed Color palette contains 256 mixed colors.
Use the OS/2 Tutorial for an interactive demonstration of how to use the Color Palettes.
The following steps can be used for both the Solid and the Mixed Color Palettes.
===Changing Screen Colors 60/3===
To globally change the color of an item (for example, change the color of the background in every window):
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open Color Palette.
#Make sure that the item you want to change is visible.
#Point to a color on the color palette.
#Press and hold Alt.
#Press and hold mouse button 2.
#Drag the color to the item you want to change. The mouse pointer changes to a paint bucket.
#Release mouse button 2.
#Release Alt. The color of all instances of the item changes to the new color.
#Point to the title-bar icon.
#Double-click.
To change the color of a specific item (for example, change the color of the vertical scroll bar in this window only):
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open Color Palette.
#Make sure that the item you want to change is visible.
#Point to a color on the color palette.
#Press and hold mouse button 2.
#Drag the color to the item you want to change.
#Release mouse button 2.  The color of the item changes to the new color.
#Point to the title-bar icon.
#Double-click.
===Changing the Color of Object Titles 61/3===
To change the color of the titles of objects:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open Color Palette.
#Make sure an object title is visible in the folder. (You cannot change an individual title color. Changing one title color changes every title color in the folder.)
#Point to a color on the Color Palette.
#Press and hold Ctrl.
#Press and hold mouse button 2.
#Drag the color to a title in the folder.
#Release mouse button 2.
#Release Ctrl. The color of every title in the folder changes to the new color.
===Changing the Colors on the Color Palette 62/3===
You can change the colors available on the Color Palette:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open Color Palette.
#Select the color on the Color Palette that you want to change.
#Select Edit color.  A window appears in which you can make adjustments to or change the color.  For more information about the choices available in this window, select the Help push button.
#When the correct color appears in the box on the color bar in the window, point to the title-bar icon.
#Double-click. The Color Palette window is displayed with the new color.
===Country 63/2===
When you installed OS/2, you determined settings like date, time, numbers, and currency of a specific country. The Country settings notebook lets you change these settings.
You can select a specific country and have all the formats changed automatically, or you can make individual format selections.
To change country formats:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Select Country.
    Tip Using the Selective Install object in the System Setup folder, you can
    reconfigure the operating system to support another national language
    without having to reinstall the entire operating system (see Selective
    Install).
For country-dependent information, refer to the COUNTRY statement in the online Command Reference.
===Device Driver Install 64/2===
Many devices that you attach to a computer, such as a CD-ROM drive, mouse, display, and printer come with a device driver diskette.
The device driver diskette (sometimes called a device support diskette) contains the code needed by the computer to recognize and operate the device.
The Device Driver Install object is used to install any device driver except those for printers and plotters.  To install a device driver for a printer or plotter, see Installing a Printer.
To install a device driver (other than one for a printer or plotter):
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Device Driver Install.
  4. Insert the device driver diskette.
  5. Select Install.
  6. Select the device driver to install from the list.
  7. Select OK.
For additional information, refer to the documentation that came with the device.
Note:  Do not use the Device Driver Install object to install device drivers found on the OS/2 Installation diskettes.
===Font Palette 65/2+===
The Font Palette allows you to:
*Change the typeface of any text in the Workplace Shell interface
*Change sample typefaces currently available on the Font Palette
*Add new fonts to your system
*Delete existing fonts from your system
A font is a collection of characters and symbols of a particular size and style used to produce text on displays and printers. When you install OS/2, the IBM Core Fonts are automatically installed, unless you specify otherwise. The IBM Core Fonts can be used by your display and IBM LaserPrinter, HP** LaserJet**, and PostScript** printers.
The IBM Core Fonts consist of a set of 13 Adobe** Type 1 fonts that work with the Adobe Type Manager** (ATM). The table that follows lists the IBM Core Fonts.
{|class="wikitable"
|+IBM Core Fonts
!FAMILY NAME||TYPEFACE
|-
|rowspan=4|Times New Roman**||Times New Roman
|-
|Times New Roman Bold
|-
|Times New Roman Bold Italic
|-
|Times New Roman Italic
|-
|rowspan=4|Helvetica**||Helvetica
|-
|Helvetica Bold
|-
|Helvetica Bold Italic
|-
|Helvetica Italic
|-
|rowspan=4|Courier||Courier
|-
|Courier Bold
|-
|Courier Bold Italic
|-
|Courier Italic
|-
|Symbol Set||Symbol Set
|}
The Adobe Type Manager is an integral part of the OS/2 operating system and works with existing OS/2 and Windows application programs to produce the sharpest possible fonts on the screen and on the printed page. Because it incorporates PostScript outline font technology, the ATM program eliminates jagged fonts so that your screen can display high-quality typefaces of any size or style. The ATM program also enables even inexpensive printers to print PostScript language fonts that are crisp and smooth.
Note: If you want to use the fonts for both OS/2 and Windows applications, you must install the font files using both the Font Palette and the ATM Control Panel.
===Changing Fonts 66/3===
The Font Palette window displays sample typefaces of eight of the fonts installed on your system. You can use these samples to change any text in the Workplace Shell interface.
To change the typeface of text:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open Font Palette.
#Point to the sample typeface you want to use.
#Press and hold mouse button 2. The mouse pointer changes to a pencil.
#Drag the sample typeface to the object whose text font you want to change.
#:If you drag a sample typeface to an object on the Desktop, the text of all the objects on the Desktop changes to that typeface. If you drag a sample typeface to an open object, such as a folder, the typeface will change only for the objects within the folder.
#Release mouse button 2.
===Selecting Sample Typefaces for the Font Palette 67/3===
To change which sample typefaces appear on the Font Palette:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Font Palette.
  4. Select the sample typeface you want to change.
  5. Select Edit font.  The Edit Font window appears.
  6. Select the down arrow for the Name field.
  7. Select a new typeface from the list.
  8. Select the Style and Size if desired.
  9. Select the appropriate Emphasis if desired.
  10. Point to the title-bar icon.
  11. Double-click.
===Adding Fonts to Your System 68/3===
There are thousands of additional font styles in the Adobe Type 1 font-file format that are available for use with the OS/2 operating system.  These fonts require two files for each typeface.  These files have an AFM and PFB file-name extension.  The Font Palette converts the AFM file to an OFM file when it installs the new font.
Note:  If the set of fonts you want to install is supplied on multiple diskettes, you might need to copy the files into a temporary directory, because the font installation process requires that both files for a given typeface be available at the same time.
To add more fonts to your system:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Font Palette.
  4. Select Edit font.  The Edit Font window appears.
  5. Select Add.
  6. Follow the instructions on the Add Font window; then select Add.
  7. Select the names of the font files that you want to install on your
      system.
  8. Select Add.
  9. Point to the title-bar icon.
  10. Double-click.
See Selecting Sample Typefaces for the Font Palette if you want to add one of the new typefaces to the Font Palette samples.
===Removing Fonts from Your System 69/3===
To remove a font from your system:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Font Palette.
  4. Select Edit font.  The Edit Font window appears.
  5. Select Delete.
  6. Select the names of the font files that you want to delete from your
      system.
  7. Select Delete.
  8. When the files have been deleted, point to the title-bar icon.
  9. Double-click.
Note:  Removing a font deletes the corresponding files from your hard disk unless they are needed by the Windows Adobe Type Manager.  For more information about the Windows Adobe Type Manager, see the online Windows Programs in OS/2 book located in the Information folder.
===Keyboard 70/2===
The Keyboard object is used to adjust the blink rate of the cursor, change the speed at which a key repeats when held down, and customize the keyboard to make it easier to use for those with special needs.
To customize the keyboard:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Keyboard.
  4. Select the tab for the setting you want to change.
  5. Point to the title-bar icon.
  6. Double-click.
Note:  If the keyboard speed is set in Windows, when that WIN-OS/2 session is started, the keyboard speed for the entire system is reset and remains reset even after that WIN-OS/2 session is closed.
Select the Special Needs tab to change the settings to meet your special requirements. For example, you can make keys "sticky" so that you can press and release a series of keys (for example, Ctrl+Alt+Del) sequentially but have the keys operate as if the keys were pressed and released at the same time.
To enable sticky keys:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Keyboard.
  4. Select Special Needs.
  5. Select the Settings activation On radio button.
  6. For each key you want to act as a sticky key, press Shift three times;
      then press the key you want to stay stuck down.
  7. Repeat the previous step for each key that you want to operate as a sticky
      key.
  8. Point to the title-bar icon.
  9. Double-click.
To deactivate sticky keys, press and release each sticky key once.
===Add Programs 71/2===
Some programs do not place a program object in a folder or on the Desktop during their installation.  Without the object, you cannot use the Workplace Shell to start the program.  To correct this situation, you can use the Add Programs object.  Add Programs uses a database to identify possible programs, set the correct DOS settings, and select an appropriate program object for the newly added OS/2, DOS, and Windows programs.
You can create your own database to be used with Add Programs.  For more information, see the OS/2 Tutorial, the help information provided with Add Programs or the Master Help Index.
To add programs to the Desktop:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Add Programs.  The Add Programs to the Desktop window appears.
  4. Select Add new programs
  5. Select Ok.  A message is displayed when the process is complete.
  6. Select Ok.
The Add Programs program creates a DOS Programs folder, a Windows Programs folder, and a Windows Groups folder.
Some Windows groups contain DOS programs.  After you add them to the Desktop, these DOS program objects are placed in the WIN-OS/2 Groups folder and also in a DOS folder if you added DOS programs.
    Tip If your computer had a previous version of the OS/2 operating system,
    you might see a folder on your Desktop with the same name as one of your
    old groups.  This folder contains program objects that represent your old
    programs; however, Add Programs also puts these programs and program
    objects in new folders (DOS Programs or Windows Programs folders).
    Use the program objects in these new folders rather than the old group name
    folders because the preselected settings will work best for the performance
    of your program.
===Mouse 72/2===
The Mouse object is used to change the behavior of your mouse. You can:
*Control the speed of the mouse pointer
*Change the look of the pointer
*Change the length, size and color of the pointer tail
*Change the mouse for left-hand use
*Customize the Alt, Shift, and Ctrl key combinations
*Change the length and look of the mouse pointer tail
Note: You can change the speed of your mouse for your Windows sessions using the Windows Control Panel. Use the OS/2 Tutorial for an interactive demonstration of how to customize mouse settings.
To change the mouse settings:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open Mouse.
Use the Timings page to change the speed at which actions occur when you use the mouse. Use the Setup page to customize the mouse for left-hand use or right-hand use. If you change the setting, the button settings on the Mappings page are automatically updated; however, you also can use the Mappings page to customize them individually. Use the Comet Cursor page to change the length and look of the mouse pointer's tail.
Tip Using the Selective Install object in the System Setup folder, you can reconfigure the operating system to support another pointing device without having to reinstall the entire operating system (see Selective Install).
===Scheme Palette 73/2+===
The Scheme Palette contains many different predefined color schemes. Each scheme
has a preset color for the following:
*Desktop
*Titles of the objects on the Desktop and in folders
*Different parts of the windows such as push buttons, scroll bars, and the background.
You can use these schemes as they are, or you can change their colors. In addition, you can also use the Scheme Palette to change the width of the borders around the windows, and the font used.
===Changing Color Schemes 74/3===
To use a predefined scheme to change the colors of one folder or window:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open Scheme Palette.
#Make sure that the folder or window you want to change is visible.
#Point to a scheme on the palette.
#Press and hold mouse button 2.
#Drag the color scheme to the window.
#Release mouse button 2.  The window colors change to the new scheme.
===Globally Changing Color Schemes 75/3===
To use one of the predefined schemes to change the colors for all the folders
that do not have their colors individually set:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open Scheme Palette.
#Point to a scheme on the palette.
#Press and hold Alt.
#Press and hold mouse button 2.
#Drag the color scheme to the Desktop.
#Release mouse button 2.
#Release Alt. The colors change to the new scheme.
===Changing the Colors on the Scheme Palette 76/3===
To change the colors within a scheme on the Scheme Palette:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open Scheme Palette.
#Select the scheme on the Scheme Palette that you want to change.
#Select Edit Scheme.
#Select the part of the window (in the Window area field) whose color you want to change.
#Select Edit Color.  A window appears in which you can make adjustments to or change the color. (For more information about the choices available in this window, select the Help push button.)
#Adjust the color until the correct color appears in the box on the color bar in the window.
#Point to the title-bar icon.
#Double-click. The selected window part changes to the new color on the Scheme Palette.
#When all the color changes have been made, point to the title-bar icon.
#Double-click.
Tip You can point to an area on the sample palette and click mouse button 2 to select the part of the window to be changed, instead of using the Window area field to select it. This reduces the amount of scrolling needed to find the correct window part.
===Changing the Fonts in a Scheme 77/3===
To change the font of text within the scheme:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Scheme Palette.
  4. Select the scheme on the Scheme Palette that you want to change.
  5. Select Edit Scheme.
  6. Select the part of the window (in the Window area field) whose font you
      want to change.
  7. Select Edit Font.
  8. Select the name, style, size, and emphasis that you want to use.
  9. Point to the title-bar icon.
  10. Double-click.  The font of the selected window part changes on the Scheme
      Palette.  For more information about fonts, see Font Palette.
    Tip To display a colorful picture (bit map) on the background of your
    folder windows or the Desktop folder:
      1. Display the pop-up menu for a folder.
      2. Select Settings.
      3. Select the Background tab.
      4. Select the Image radio button in the Background type field.
      5. Select the arrow to the right of the Image File field.
      6. Select a file with a .BMP file-name extension.
    The image appears in the background of your folder.
===Sound 78/2===
The Sound object is used by an application to generate a warning beep. The beep can be turned off.
You can indicate whether a beep should be heard when a warning message is displayed or an invalid key is pressed. To customize the sound settings:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open Sound.
Note: If you install OS/2 Multimedia additional sound options are available.
For more information, see the online Multimedia book.
===Spooler 79/2+===
The Spooler stores jobs that are waiting for an available printer or port. OS/2 includes a spooler for printouts you request in OS/2, DOS, and Windows sessions (an instance of a command prompt or started program).
When you print, the system creates a spool file which is held in place in the SPOOL directory.  The SPOOL directory is created by the system during installation. You can use the Spooler object to change the location of the spooler path and to disable or enable the spooler.
===Enabling the Spooler 80/3===
To enable the spooler:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Spooler.
  4. Point to the title-bar icon.
  5. Click mouse button 2.
  6. Select Disable spooler
  7. Point to the title-bar icon.
  8. Double-click. (Spooling takes effect immediately.  You do not need to
      restart your system.)
===Changing the Spooler Path 81/3===
Use this procedure if you print often, or if you print large jobs and need a separate storage area, such as a large disk, for spool files. Be sure to wait until all your jobs finish printing, or delete any pending jobs.
To change the spooler path:
#Select all the printer objects.
#Select Hold from the pop-up menu of each printer object.
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open Spooler. By default, the Spooler Settings notebook appears.
#Select Spool path.
#In the Spool path field, type the new path.
#Point to the title-bar icon.
#Double-click.
===Changing the Print Priority 82/3===
You can set the print priority higher or lower to adjust the speed at which spooled print jobs are printed.
To set the print priority:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open Spooler. By default, the Spooler Settings notebook appears.
#Select the Print priority page.
#Move the slider arm to select priority.
#Point to the title-bar icon.
#Double-click.
===Disabling the Spooler 83/3===
You might want to disable the spooler to print jobs that have a high-security risk. Disabling the spooler prevents others from viewing your print jobs in a printer-object window. However, you cannot disable spooling to a network printer on a network server.
To disable the spooler:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open Spooler.
#Point to the title-bar icon.
#Click mouse button 2.
#Select Enable spooler.
#Restart your system.
When the Spooler is disabled, your print jobs go directly to a printer. However, a printout might contain material from different jobs mixed together.
===System 84/2+===
The System object is used to change system defaults. You can select how you want a window that is already open to be displayed and where you want windows that you have minimized to be displayed. This notebook is also used to specify confirmation messages and to turn off the product information window. For more information about each tab, select the help push button provided on each page.
===Confirming Delete Actions 85/3===
To specify if you want a confirmation message displayed each time you delete an object or a folder:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open System.
#Select the Confirmations tab.
#Place a check mark next to each item you want a confirmation message for.
#Point to the title-bar icon.
#Double-click.
===Directing Keyboard and Mouse Activity 86/3===
To enable or disable the direction of any keyboard and mouse activity during the startup of any Presentation Manager program.
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open System.
#Select the Input tab.
#Place a check mark next to Enable type ahead or Disable type ahead. (The default is Enable type ahead.)
#Point to the title-bar icon.
#Double-click.
===Resolving Title Conflicts 87/3===
To specify how the system is to respond to title conflicts if you create, copy, or move an object into a folder that already has an object with the same name:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open System.
#Select the Title tab.
#Select the choice that best describe how you want the system to respond when a title conflict appears.
#Point to the title-bar icon.
#Double-click.
===Changing System Defaults 88/3===
To change the system defaults for a window:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open System.
#Select the Window tab.
#Select the choices that best describe how you want the windows to behave.
#Point to the title-bar icon.
#Double-click.
===Printing a Screen 89/3===
To be able to print the information in an open window:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open System.
#Select the Print Screen tab.
#Select Enable.
#Point to the title-bar icon.
#Double-click.
To print the open window:
#Select the open window.
#Press Print Screen.
===Displaying Logos 90/3===
To specify if you want a logo to be displayed and how long to display it:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open System.
#Select the Logo tab.
#Select the choices that best describes how you want the system to handle product information and logos.
#Point to the title-bar icon.
#Double-click.
===Changing Screen Resolution 91/3===
To change the screen resolution for an XGA display adapter:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open System.
#Select the Screen tab.
#Select the resolution you want to use.
#Point to the title-bar icon.
#Double-click.
Note: The Screen tab will not appear if you are using the VGA, 8514, or SVGA driver.
Tip After changing screen resolutions from a higher resolution to a lower resolution, some applications might open windows that are partially off the screen. If this occurs:
#Press Alt+Spacebar.
#Select Move.
#Use the mouse or the arrow keys to move the window.
#Click mouse button 1 or press Enter.
or:
#Point to an empty area on the Desktop.
#Click mouse buttons 1 and 2 at the same time.
#Point to the name of the program.
#Click mouse button 2.
#Select Tile or Cascade. The window will now appear on the screen.
===System Clock 92/2===
The System Clock object is used to set the system date and time or to set an alarm. You can display the clock in either analog or digital mode.
To set the system clock:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Select System Clock.
#Display the pop-up menu for System Clock.
#Select Settings.
#Select the tab for the setting you want to change.
#Select View; change to the View page if necessary. (To view a different View page, use an arrow at the lower-right corner of the window.)
#Point to the title-bar icon.
#Double-click.
===WIN-OS/2 Setup 93/2===
The WIN-OS/2 Setup object is used to select a public or private clipboard or dynamic data exchange (DDE). The clipboard and DDE are features that allow data exchange between programs.  You also can use this object to preselect WIN-OS/2 settings for all Windows programs before you start them. Use the Fast load setting to automatically start a WIN-OS/2 session when you start OS/2. If you change a setting, the change affects only subsequent Windows programs that are started. Programs that are currently running are not affected.
If you are using Windows programs that can share information using the clipboard or Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) feature, then you can change the way these features work in all WIN-OS/2 sessions.
Note: Be sure you check with the instructions that came with your program to determine if these features are supported.
The clipboard is an area that temporarily holds data. Data is placed in the clipboard by selecting cut or copy from a menu. You can cut (move) or copy data from one document and paste it into another document, even if the other document is in a different program. For example, you can place a spreadsheet from one program into a document from another program.
The DDE feature enables the exchange of data between programs. Any change made to information in one file is applied to the same information in an associated file. In the example above, if changes are made to the original spreadsheet, corresponding changes are made to the spreadsheet in the document. If changes are made to the spreadsheet in the document, corresponding changes are made to the original spreadsheet.
The clipboard and DDE can be set to Public or Private. When DDE is set to Public, information can be shared with OS/2 and WIN-OS/2 sessions. Information cannot be shared with DOS sessions. When the clipboard or DDE is set to Private, sharing data between sessions is restricted.  This means that only information for those programs running in that single session can be shared.
When OS/2 is installed, the clipboard and DDE are set to Public. Windows programs that have the clipboard or DDE feature are set up during installation of the OS/2 operating system to use a Public setting for all WIN-OS/2 sessions. You can use the WIN-OS/2 Setup object to set these features to private. You can further customize the way you use these features by using
the Settings notebook of the program object.
Note: Changing the clipboard and DDE features to Private will not affect the performance of your Windows programs.
To change the clipboard or DDE feature to Private:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open WIN-OS/2 Setup.
#Select Data Exchange.
#Select Private for Dynamic Data Exchange or Clipboard.
#Point to the title-bar icon.
#Double-click.
Note: If you change the settings for the clipboard or DDE while a program is running in a WIN-OS/2 session, the settings for the program will take effect immediately.
For related information about the clipboard, DDE, WIN-OS/2, and Windows Programs, see the Windows Programs in OS/2 located in the online Information folder or the Master Help Index.
===Power 94/2+===
The Power object manages and tracks power consumption in battery-powered computers that support the Advanced Power Management (APM) standard. The APM standard defines the way the hardware and software work together to reduce power consumption and help extend battery life.
If your computer supports the APM standard, the Power object might be automatically installed during the OS/2 installation process. If it was not installed, you can install it by using Selective Install and selecting Advanced Power Management. For information about Selective Install, see Selective Install.
Note: This power management feature is not available if your computer does not have APM BIOS or a device driver that emulates APM BIOS.
OS/2 APM support relies on the power status information returned from the BIOS on your computer. You might notice incorrect battery life or status within the Power icon on your computer. If this occurs, rely on the LEDs on your computer for accurate power status information.
Turning the APM setting to Off also turns off the BIOS power management. If you want to turn off APM, but not the BIOS power management, place REM before the APM device driver statement in your CONFIG.SYS file, and then restart your system to invoke the change.
For example:
REM DEVICE=C:\OS2\APM.SYS
===Power Object 95/3===
To open the Power object:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open Power.
To display the Power pop-up menu:
#Point to the Power object.
#Click mouse button 1 or 2.
===Power Settings 96/3===
To set power management support:
#Display the Power object pop-up menu.
#Select Settings. The Power - Settings notebook appears.
#Select Power.
#Set Power management to On or Off. If set to On, power consumption will be reduced and power status will be tracked. If set to Off, the suspend mode, power status, and battery status features are disabled.
#Set Confirm on power state changes if you want to confirm requests to go to suspend mode.  (See Suspend Mode.)
To set the default status view of the status window:
#Display the Power object pop-up menu.
#Select Settings. The Power - Settings notebook appears.
#Select View.
#Select Full status or Battery only for Default status view.
#Set Refresh (of the status window) to On or Off.
#If you set Refresh to On, select the number of minutes (from 1 to 30) for Refresh rate. The system will automatically update the status window at the intervals you specified.
You can also update the status window by selecting Refresh Now from the Power object pop-up menu.
===Power Status 97/3===
To display the power status:
#Display the Power object pop-up menu.
#Select the arrow to the right of Open.
#Select Full status or Battery status. A full-status Power window or a power-gauge Power window is displayed, depending on your selection.
Note:  You cannot change the size of the Power window.
A full-status Power window displays the following information:
*Battery life. This information is displayed as a power gauge that shows the power level of the battery compared to the capacity of the battery. When the power gauge indicator is completely shaded, the battery is at full power. The shaded area of the gauge moves up or down as the battery power level increases or decreases. When the power gauge indicator is dimmed, there is no battery in the computer or the computer cannot provide battery information.
*Power source for the computer. If the system cannot determine the power source, no power source information is displayed.
*Battery state, which is the charge state of the battery. Battery state information is displayed as follows:
High        Battery charge is OK; continue using your computer.
Low        Recharge the battery or switch to another power source
            such as another battery or AC power.
Critical    Battery charge is depleted.  Recharge the battery or
            switch to another power source immediately to avoid a
            system failure or data loss.
Charging    System is restoring the battery charge.
Unknown    System cannot determine the battery state or there is no
            battery in your computer.
===Suspend Mode 98/3===
To set the suspend mode:
#Display the Power object pop-up menu.
#Select Suspend.
When suspend mode is activated, battery power is conserved by dimming the display and turning off devices that are not in use.
If Confirm on power status changes is set in the Power - Settings notebook, a message is displayed that asks you if you want to continue before switching to suspend mode.
Note: Different computers have different procedures for exiting suspend mode and resuming operation.  Refer to the documentation that came with your computer for information about its suspend mode features.
After you exit suspend mode, you will notice a startup delay before you can resume operation of your system.  This delay might be a few seconds, depending on your system.
===Selective Install 99/2+===
The Selective Install object is used to add features that you did not include when you originally installed the operating system. You also can use the Selective Install object to change the mouse, display adapter, or country information for your system.
Note: You will need the OS/2 installation diskettes for each of the procedures that follow.
===Adding Options after Installation 100/3===
To add options after installation:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open Selective Install.
#Select from the System Configuration window any of the choices that you want to change or add.
#Select OK.
#Place a check mark to the left of any feature you want to add. (For more information about a feature, press F1.) If a More push button is displayed to the right of a feature, select it to see additional choices.
===Adding Online Documentation after Installation 101/3===
To add online documentation after installation:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open Selective Install.
#Select OK when the System Configuration window is displayed.
#Select the check box to the left of Documentation.
#Select More to the right of Documentation.
#Select the check box to the left of any documentation units to deselect the ones you do not want to add.
#Select OK.
#Select Install.
#Follow the instructions on the screen.
===Changing Display Adapter Support 102/3===
To change the display adapter support after installation:
1. Open OS/2 System.
2. Open System Setup.
3. Open Selective Install.
4. Select Primary Display or Secondary Display from the System Configuration
    window.
5. Select the display adapter that you want from the list provided.
6. Select OK.
7. Follow the instructions on the screen.
===Adding PCMCIA Support after Installation 103/3===
To add PCMCIA** support after installation:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Selective Install.
  4. Select OK when the System Configuration window is displayed.
  5. Select the check box to the left of PCMCIA Support to display the Select
      PCMCIA system window.
  6. Select the appropriate system (this should either be a direct match with
      your target install system or a known compatible system).
  7. Select OK.
  8. Select Install.
  9. Follow the instructions on the screen.
===PCMCIA 104/2+===
OS/2 provides software support for Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) hardware. PCMCIA is the standard for PC card adapters associated with portable computers. A PC card is a small form-factor adapter about the size and shape of a credit card. You can use PC cards with laptops, notebooks, tablets, and other portable computer systems that are equipped with a PCMCIA slot.
===Installing PCMCIA 105/3===
PCMCIA can be automatically installed during OS/2 installation or it can be installed through Selective Install after OS/2 installation. To install PCMCIA support after installation, see Adding PCMCIA Support after Installation.
===PCMCIA Components 106/3===
PCMCIA consists of the following services and client device drivers (CDDs):
*Card services - Provide an industry-standard interface layer between the Client device driver (CDD) and hardware-specific socket services.
*Socket services - Provide an industry-standard interface layer across hardware platforms for specific chip-set support.
*Resource Client - A special-purpose CDD that provides Card Services, detailing the resources in use and available at start up.
*Modem Card Manager - A generic CDD that provides a Card Manager level of support for PCMCIA modem cards.
===Plug and Play for PCMCIA 107/3+===
Plug and Play for PCMCIA is an OS/2 application that displays PC card information, socket status, assigned resources, and card type. There are two basic types of PC cards:
*Memory cards, which contain specific types of memory devices
*Input/output (I/O) cards, which contain devices such as modems and disks
Both card types are assigned system resources, which are used to communicate with the card's devices.
Plug and Play for PCMCIA also allows you to start applications automatically when their objects (icons) are registered to a PC card type.
To open the Plug and Play for PCMCIA object:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open System Setup.
#Open Plug and Play for PCMCIA.
===Socket and Card Information 108/4===
The Plug and Play for PCMCIA window displays the following information:
No.          Socket number.
Card Type    Card-type icon and text.
Card Status  Card-status icon and text.
===Card Types 109/4===
o  Booted
o  Communication - for the following card types:
          3270          5250
          Ethernet      LAN
          SDLC          Token Ring
o  Hard Disk
o  I/O - for multi-function, parallel, and SCSI card types.
o  Memory
o  Modem, Serial
===Card Status 110/4===
o  Empty
o  Inserted
o  Ready
o  Not Ready
o  Inserted for Memory
===Memory Card - Details View 111/4===
To receive additional information about an inserted memory card:
  1. Select the memory card.
  2. Press Enter.
The Memory Card - Details View appears with the following information:
;Card information:Vendor name and card description data retrieved from card.
;Write protect:Yes or no.
;Battery:Good, low, or dead.
;Region:Region of card memory for memory devices such as SRAM.
===I/O Card - Details View 112/4===
To receive additional information about an inserted I/O-type card:
  1. Select the appropriate card.
  2. Press Enter.
The I/O Card - Details View appears with the following information:
Card information    Vendor name and card description data retrieved from card.
Assigned resources  System resources used by this PC card:
      IRQ    Interrupt request level.
      I/O    Input/output ports.
===Options 113/3+===
The Options menu bar choice has two selections, Customize and Register Object. The Customize option allows you to turn a beep on and off, display the Plug and Play for PCMCIA window when a PC card is used, and keep Plug and Play for PCMCIA visible when other applications are running in the foreground.
The Register Object option allows you to register objects to be launched (started or opened) when a specific type of PC card is used. (It is not necessary to have a card inserted when registering objects.) If more than one object is registered to the same card type or the manual option is selected, the Object Launcher window is displayed where you can select which registered object to launch.
Note: Objects can be launched only after Plug and Play for PCMCIA is opened.
===Customize 114/4===
To use the Customize window:
  1. Select Options.
  2. Select Customize.
  3. To display the Plug and Play for PCMCIA window whenever a PC card is
      inserted, removed, ready, or not ready, select the appropriate check box
      under Display window.
  4. To hear a beep whenever a PC card is inserted, removed, ready, or not
      ready, select the appropriate check box under Beep.
  5. To keep the Plug and Play for PCMCIA icon or window in the foreground
      (visible) when running another application, select Yes.
  6. To return to the original default settings, select Defaults.
Note:  Plug and Play for PCMCIA must be open for your selections to become
active.
===Register Object 115/4===
To register an object:
  1. Select Options.
  2. Select Register Object.
  3. Click on the down arrow to the right of the Select a card type field to
      display a list of available card types.
  4. Select the desired card type.
  5. Drag a copy of each object that you want to register to this card type to
      the Object List field.  The name of the object appears in the list.  (If
      you have registered more than one object for this card type, see also
      Object Launcher.)
  6. Select Automatically or Manually to indicate how you would like the object
      to be launched.  (If you have selected Manually, see also Object
      Launcher.)
  7. Select any of the choices under When card is to indicate when you would
      like to launch the object.
      Note:  The Ready and Not ready choices work only with I/O card types.
  8. To return to the original default settings, select Defaults.
To deregister an object:
  1. Select the object to be removed from the Object List.
  2. Select Remove.
      Note:  Selecting Remove does not affect the original object.
===Object Launcher 116/3===
The Object Launcher is displayed when Plug and Play for PCMCIA is open and one
or both of the following occurs:
  o  More than one object is registered for the inserted PC card type.
  o  Manually is selected under Launch Choices.
To launch an object:
  1. Select the object to launch.
  2. Select Launch.
===Selective Uninstall 117/2===
The Selective Uninstall program allows you to remove operating system files, programs, and device drivers from your hard disk. You might want to uninstall files to free hard disk space for other programs.
Warning: Do not remove operating system files, programs, or device drivers from your hard disk unless you have backed up the operating system (as it was originally installed). Use the BACKUP.EXE program from the utility diskettes you created with "Create Utility Diskettes" program to back up your system. After system files, programs, or device drivers are removed, they are unavailable for future use.
You can recover files, programs, or device drivers that you delete (as they were originally installed) only by using the RESTORE.EXE file from the Utility Diskettes you created.
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Locate the Selective Uninstall object inside the System Setup folder.
  4. Open Selective Uninstall.  The Selective Uninstall window appears.
For information about Selective Uninstall, press F1. Or, place the mouse pointer on the Help push button and click once.  To close the Help window, press Esc.
  1. To make a selection, press the Tab key until your choice is highlighted;
      then press the Spacebar. A check mark (/) appears in the box next to your
      choice.  Or, place the mouse pointer on the check box beside a choice and
      click once.
  2. The More push button next to some choices indicates that a secondary
      window containing more choices associated with your selection is
      available. After you select a choice, the More push button is highlighted.
      Select More to display a list of items you can choose to remove.
      Warning: When you select More, all items in the associated choices l  ist
      are checked. Make sure you remove the check marks from those items that
      you do not want to delete from your hard disk.
      For information about the items in the window, press F1.  Or, place the
      mouse pointer on the Help push button and click once.
  3. Follow the instructions on the screen to remove operating system features
      from your hard disk.
    Adobe Type Manager
    Your hard disk contains the Adobe Type Manager program.  The program runs
    in the WIN-OS/2 environment.  Adobe Type Manager uses PostScript[**]
    outline font technology to produce the sharpest possible type on the screen
    and on the printed page.
    If you intend to use Adobe Type Manager, do not choose to uninstall Fonts.
    For more information about using Adobe Type Manager, see the online Windows
    Programs in OS/2 located in the Information folder on the desktop.
===Create Utility Diskettes 118/2===
The OS/2 operating system comes installed on your hard disk. Your computer has a program that creates diskettes called Utility Diskettes. Create these diskettes to help you correct problems if you cannot start your computer from the hard disk.
The Utility Diskettes also allow you to start the procedure that backs up the operating system to diskettes. Backup diskettes allow you to restore OS/2 to your hard disk in the event of a computer problem.
To complete this procedure, you will need three blank, high-density (2MB) diskettes for a 1.44MB drive, or one extended-density (4MB) diskette for a 2.88MB drive.
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Create Utility Diskettes. The Create Utility Diskettes window
      appears.
      For information about Create Utility Diskettes, press F1.  Or, place the
      mouse pointer on the Help push button and click once.  To close the Help
      window, press Esc.
  4. Select the drive where the Utility Diskettes will be created.  If you
      select drive A, insert a blank diskette into drive A.
  5. Type C.  Or, place the mouse pointer on the Create push button and click
      once.  Follow the instructions on the screen to prepare Utility Diskettes.
      Label the first diskette you create Utility Diskette 1, the second
      diskette Utility Diskette 2, and the third diskette Utility Diskette 3.
      Store the diskettes in a safe place.
===Starting Objects Automatically 119/1+===
The Startup folder contains objects that you want to automatically start every time the system starts.
This chapter describes how to use the Startup folder to start objects. It also describes how to customize your system startup by placing variables in your CONFIG.SYS file.
===Starting Programs Automatically 120/2+===
You can start programs automatically at system startup using a Startup folder, a STARTUP.CMD file, or both. Use the OS/2 Tutorial for an interactive demonstration of how to use the Startup folder.
===Startup Folder 121/3===
You can place objects of frequently used programs and batch files in a Startup folder so that every time you start your computer, the programs and batch files will start. The objects in the Startup folder are started when the Desktop folder is opened at system startup. You cannot specify the order in which the objects in the folder are started.
You should place a shadow of the program objects in the Startup folder instead of the original object. This ensures that any changes made to the original object are applied to the object in the Startup folder.
To create a shadow of an object and place it in the Startup folder:
  1. Point to the object.
  2. Press and hold Ctrl+Shift.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag the object to the Startup folder.
  5. Release mouse button 2.
  6. Release the Ctrl and Shift keys.
===STARTUP.CMD File 122/3===
A STARTUP.CMD file is similar to the Startup folder in that it is used to automatically start programs and batch files at system startup. If a STARTUP.CMD file is present, it will be run prior to the starting of the Desktop. For more information about creating and running a STARTUP.CMD file, refer to the online Command Reference.
===Preventing Automatic Startup 123/2===
Programs located in the Startup folder or programs running at the time the computer was shut down will automatically start when the computer is restarted.
To prevent these programs from starting:
  1. Press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart the computer.
  2. When you see the Desktop animation (similar to an exploding box), press
      and hold Ctrl+Shift+F1.
  3. Hold the keys for approximately 15 seconds, or until the Desktop appears.
      (If the hard disk light stops flashing during this time, your computer
      might be suspended.  Release the keys quickly, and then resume holding the
      keys until the Desktop objects appear.)
===Customizing Your CONFIG.SYS for Startup 124/2===
You can customize the way your Workplace Shell starts by changing the system variables at either a command prompt or in the CONFIG.SYS file. Precede each of the variables with the SET command.
The system variables for the Workplace Shell are:
AUTOSTART            Determines the parts of the Workplace Shell that are
                      automatically started.  Eliminating any of the options
                      from the statement restricts the user from accessing
                      portions of the Shell.  For example:
                      SET AUTOSTART=FOLDERS, PROGRAMS, TASKLIST, CONNECTIONS
      FOLDERS          Allows a user to open additional folders after startup.
      PROGRAMS          Allows a user to open additional programs after startup.
      TASKLIST          Allows a user to open the Window List.
      CONNECTIONS      Recreates the network connections established during the
                        last log on.
      LAUNCHPAD        Creates a new LaunchPad on the Desktop.
OS2_SHELL            Sets the command processor for OS/2 sessions.  For
                      example:
                      SET OS2_SHELL=C:\OS2\CMD.EXE
RESTARTOBJECTS      Sets the objects that will be automatically started by the
                      Workplace Shell.  For example:
                      SET RESTARTOBJECTS=STARTUPFOLDERSONLY
      YES Starts all the objects that were running at the time of shutdown and
      all objects in the Startup folder.  This is the default.
      NO Does not start any of the applications that were running at the time of
      shutdown and does not start the objects in the Startup folder.
      STARTUPFOLDERSONLY Starts only those objects in the Startup folder.
      REBOOTONLY Starts objects only when the Workplace Shell is started by
      pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del or turning on the computer.
RUNWORKPLACE        Sets the interface that is started by the OS/2 operating
                      system. PMSHELL.EXE is the program for the Workplace Shell
                      interface.  For example:
                      SET RUNWORKPLACE=C:\OS2\PMSHELL.EXE
SYSTEM_INI          Determines the INI file to be used by the Workplace Shell
                      for system information about such items as default colors
                      and printer drivers. For example:
                      SET SYSTEM_INI=C:\OS2\OS2SYS.INI
USER_INI            Determines the INI file to be used by the Workplace Shell
                      for system information about such items as program
                      defaults, display options, and file options.  For example:
                      SET USER_INI=C:\OS2\OS2.INI
For more information about customizing the user interface, refer to the online
Command Reference.
The DISKCACHE statement in the CONFIG.SYS file is set up so that it
automatically runs the CHKDSK program upon startup if the system shuts down
improperly.  The CHKDSK program analyzes and fixes disk problems caused by the
improper shutdown.
If you add hard disk drives or partitions after the installation of the OS/2
operating system, you should edit the CONFIG.SYS file and update the AC:x
parameter to reflect the new additions. AC: starts the auto-check feature on
the specified drives when the system shuts down improperly.  The value x
represents the letters of the disks or partitions on the system that you want
to check.
For example, if you want to check disks C and D and your existing DISKCACHE statement is:
DISKCACHE=64,LW
Add the AC: parameter to the statement as follows:
DISKCACHE=64,LW,AC:CD
For more information about the DISKCACHE statement, refer to the online Command Reference.
===Using Disk Drives 125/1+===
This chapter describes how to use the Drives folder to access and use the different types of storage media installed in your computer.
When opened, the Drives folder provides a view of all drive objects in the system. For example, the following drive types could be accessed from the Drives folder:
  o  Diskette
  o  Hard disk
  o  CD-ROM
  o  Tape backup
  o  Optical disc
  o  PCMCIA
To view the Drive objects:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Drives.
Note:  Drive objects cannot be copied.
===About Hard Disks and Diskettes 126/2===
There are two kinds of disks:
Hard disk  A non-removable disk that is built into a hard-disk drive.  Hard
            disks come in a variety of capacities and can hold large amounts of
            information.  (Capacity is the maximum amount of information that a
            diskette or disk can hold.)
            Information can be stored on and erased from the disk over and over
            again.  The computer can write to and read information from the
            hard disk much faster than it can from a diskette.
Diskette    A removable disk that can be inserted in and removed from a
            diskette drive.  Diskettes come in a variety of capacities.
            Diskettes cannot hold as much information as a hard disk.
            Information can be stored on and erased from the diskette over and
            over again.  The computer cannot write to or read information from
            a diskette as fast as it can from a hard disk.  There are two sizes
            of diskettes, 5.25" and 3.5":
  o  5.25-inch diskettes are thin, flexible, and somewhat fragile.  A 5.25-inch
      diskette has a write-protect notch located on the right side. You can
      place a write-protect tab over the notch to protect the information stored
      on the diskette.
      To store information on or erase information from the diskette, you must
      remove the write-protect tab from the diskette.
  o  3.5-inch diskettes are protected by a hard plastic cover that makes them
      more durable.  A 3.5-inch diskette can be write protected by sliding a
      built-in tab to reveal the write-protect opening.
      To store information on or erase information from the diskette, you must
      slide the tab over the write-protect opening on the diskette.
            Note:  If a diskette does not have a write-protect notch or tab,
            the diskette is permanently write protected.  Many software
            manufacturers use permanently write-protected diskettes to prevent
            the information on the diskettes from being accidentally changed or
            deleted.
The capacity of a diskette and a hard disk is measured in bytes. A diskette
must be formatted at a capacity less than or equal to the capacity of the
diskette drive in order for the diskette and the drive to be compatible.  So
even though a diskette is the correct size physically, its capacity might not
be compatible with the diskette drive in the computer.
For example, a 3.5-inch diskette drive designed to work with 2.88MB diskettes
can use 1.44MB diskettes, but a 1.44MB diskette drive cannot use a 2.88MB
diskette.  The following terms are used to describe the capacity of disks and
the size of files:
Byte        Amount of space it takes to store a character.
Kilobyte    1024 bytes and is abbreviated as KB.
Megabyte    1024KB (approximately a million bytes) and is abbreviated as MB.
Gigabyte    1024MB (approximately a billion bytes) and is abbreviated as GB.
The following terms are equivalent:
1MB = 1024KB = 1048576 bytes
Each diskette drive and hard disk drive in a computer has a letter assigned to
it.  This letter is the name that both you and the computer use to identify the
drive.  For example, on many computers the diskette drive is called drive A and
the hard disk drive is called drive C.
===Accessing Hard Disks and Diskettes 127/2+===
You can use the Drives folder to access the information on your hard disk and diskette drives.  This allows you to view disk information, display the files on the disks, and copy and move files. The files can be viewed as objects so they can easily be copied and moved with the mouse.
Tip For specific instructions on using the Drive A object, see Drive A.
===Viewing Disk Information 128/3===
To view the size of a disk:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Drives.
  3. Open the drive object you want information about.
===Displaying Objects 129/3===
The drive objects are used to display the contents of the drives on your
computer.  The contents of the drive can be displayed in three different views:
Icon view    Displays the contents of the disk as icons.  This is the default
              if the disk does not have folders (directories).
Tree view    Displays the contents of the disk in a tree.  This is the default
              if the disk has folders (directories).  A plus (+) sign to the
              left of a folder indicates that additional folders exist inside
              the folder.  By selecting the plus sign, you can see the other
              folders in the folder.  Pointing to a folder and double-clicking
              displays the contents of the folder in an icon view.
              Note:  When an additional folder is opened from a folder that is
              in tree view, if the default for the additional folder is also
              tree view, it is overridden and displayed in an icon view.  There
              is no need to open it again in tree view because it is already
              shown in the parent folder's tree view.
Details view  Displays the contents of the disk in a table with the following
              additional information:
  o  Icon
  o  Title
  o  Real name
  o  Size
  o  Last write date and time
  o  Last access date and time
  o  Creation date and time
  o  Flags
To display the contents of a drive as icons:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Drives.
  3. Point to the object that you want to display.
  4. Click mouse button 2.
  5. Select the arrow to the right of Open.
  6. Select Icon view.
To display the contents of a drive in a tree view:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Drives.
  3. Point to the object that you want to display.
  4. Click mouse button 2.
  5. Select the arrow to the right of Open.
  6. Select Tree view.
  7. If a plus (+) sign appears to the left of a folder, select it to expand
      the contents.
  8. To display the contents of a folder, point to the folder; then
      double-click.
To display details about the contents of a drive:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Drives.
  3. Point to the object that you want to display.
  4. Click mouse button 2.
  5. Select the arrow to the right of Open.
  6. Select Details view.
  7. Select the scroll bars at the bottom and side of the window to scroll the
      information.
===Copying Objects 130/3===
Note:  If you want to copy the object to a folder object or another drive object, the target object must be visible before you start the copy.
To copy an object from a drive to another location:
  1. Open the drive containing the object you want to copy.
  2. Point to the object you want to copy.
  3. Press and hold Ctrl.
  4. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  5. Drag the object to a folder, the Desktop, or another drive object.
  6. Release mouse button 2.
  7. Release Ctrl.
To copy an object from another location to a drive:
  1. Point to the object you want to copy.
  2. Press and hold Ctrl.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag the object to the drive object.
  5. Release mouse button 2.
  6. Release Ctrl.
===Moving Objects 131/3===
There are times when you need to move an object (copy the object to a different location and delete it from the original location).
Note:  If you want to move the object to a folder object or another drive object, the target object must be visible before you start the move.
To move an object from a drive to another location:
  1. Open the drive containing the object you want to move.
  2. Point to the object you want to move.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag the object to a folder, the Desktop, or another drive object.
  5. Release mouse button 2.
To move an object from another location to a drive:
  1. Point to the object you want to move.
  2. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  3. Drag the mouse to the drive object.
  4. Release mouse button 2.
===Deleting Objects from a Drive 132/3===
You can delete (erase) unwanted objects from a drive.
To delete an object from a drive:
  1. Open the drive.
  2. Point to the object you want to delete.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag the object to the Shredder.
  5. Release mouse button 2.
===Formatting a Disk 133/2===
You can format a disk. When a disk is formatted, it is checked for defects and prepared to accept data. During this process, all existing data is erased from the disk.
Use the OS/2 Tutorial for an interactive demonstration of how to format a diskette.
Note:  Before you format a disk, make sure that it does not contain any information that is important.
To format a disk:
  1. Point to the disk you want to format.
  2. Click mouse button 2.
  3. Select Format disk.
  4. When the Format Disk window appears, type a Volume Label (name for the
      disk).
  5. Select the type of file system (FAT or HPFS) you want to use on the disk.
      (For more information about these file systems, see the Master Help
      Index).
  6. Select Format.
  7. When the format is complete, select OK.
===Checking a Disk 134/2===
You can check a disk for:
  o  Defects, which are errors in the file allocation table or directory on the
      disk.  If you select Write corrections to disk, any problems found will be
      fixed.
  o  Current usage, which is the amount of the disk used for directories, user
      files, and extended attributes.  It also indicates the amount of space
      that is reserved on the disk.
  o  File system type, which is the type of file system on the disk.
  o  Total disk space, which is the capacity of the disk in bytes.
  o  Total amount of disk space available, which is the amount of free space
      left on the disk.
Note:  You cannot check a disk that is currently being used or is locked by another process (for example, the disk that OS/2 is running on).
To check a disk:
  1. Point to the drive that you want to check.
  2. Click mouse button 2.
  3. Select Check disk.
  4. Select Write corrections to disk.
  5. Select Check.  When the check is done, the Check Disk &dash. Results
      window is displayed.
  6. Select Cancel to remove the window.
===Drive A 135/2+===
The Drive A object provides quick access to the diskette drive in your computer referred to as A.
You can use the Drive A object to:
*Display the objects on a diskette
*Display information about the objects on the diskette
*Copy objects on a diskette to another location
*Copy objects from another location to a diskette
*Move objects on a diskette to another location
*Move objects from another location to a diskette
*Delete objects from a diskette
*Format a diskette
*Check a diskette for defects and fix it
Note: The Drive A object cannot be copied.
This chapter discusses only the Drive A object. For information about other drive objects and a discussion about disks and diskettes, see Using Disk Drives.
===Displaying the Objects on a Diskette 136/3===
To display the objects on a diskette:
#Place a diskette into diskette drive A.
#Open Drive A.
The Drive A window appears showing the contents of the diskette. The actual layout of the window that appears depends upon the contents of the diskette.
Tree view  Displays the objects on the diskette in a directory (tree)
            structure with folders representing the directories.  This view
            comes up when the objects on the diskette are placed in
            directories.
            To view the contents of a directory, point to a folder and
            double-click.
Icon view  Displays the objects on the diskette as pictures (icons).  This
            view comes up when all the objects on the diskette are in the root
            directory.
===Displaying Information about the Objects on a Diskette 137/2===
The tree and icon views give limited information about the objects on a diskette. However, the details view gives the following information about the objects on the diskette:
Title of the object  Name that appears below the icon that represents the
                      object.
Real name of object  Actual name of the object.
Size                  Amount of space in bytes that the object occupies.
Last write date      Date that the information in the object was last changed.
Last write time      Time of day that the information in the object was last
                      changed.
Last access date      Date that the information in the object was last viewed.
Last access time      Time of day that the information in the object was last
                      viewed.
Creation date        Date that the object was first created.
Creation time        Time that the object was first created.
Flags                Characteristics of the file that allow it to be used in a
                      certain way.
To display detailed information about the objects on a diskette:
  1. Place a diskette into drive A.
  2. Open Drive A.
  3. Point to the title-bar icon.
  4. Click mouse button 2.
  5. Select the arrow to the right of Open.
  6. Select Details view.
===Copying Objects to or from a Diskette 138/2===
There are times when you need to copy an object (duplicate the object and place it in a different location).
Note:  If you want to copy the object to a folder object or another drive object, the target object must be visible before you start the copy.
To copy an object from a diskette in Drive A to another location:
  1. Place a diskette into drive A.
  2. Open Drive A.
  3. Point to the object you want to copy.
  4. Press and hold Ctrl.
  5. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  6. Drag the object to a folder, the Desktop, or another drive object.
  7. Release mouse button 2.
  8. Release Ctrl.
To copy an object from another location to a diskette in Drive A:
  1. Place the diskette you want to copy the object to into drive A.
  2. Point to the object you want to copy.
  3. Press and hold Ctrl.
  4. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  5. Drag the mouse to the Drive A object.
  6. Release mouse button 2.
  7. Release Ctrl.
===Moving Objects to or from a Diskette 139/2===
There are times when you need to move an object (copy the object to a different location and delete it from the original location).
Note:  If you want to move the object to a folder object or another drive object, the target object must be visible before you start the move.
To move an object from the diskette in Drive A to another location:
  1. Place a diskette into drive A.
  2. Open Drive A.
  3. Point to the object you want to move.
  4. Press and hold Shift.
  5. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  6. Drag the object to a folder, the Desktop, or another drive object.
  7. Release mouse button 2.
  8. Release Shift.
Note: When moving an object from a diskette, the Shift key must be used with mouse button 2.
To move an object from another location to the diskette in Drive A:
  1. Place the diskette you want to move the object to into drive A.
  2. Point to the object you want to move.
  3. Press and hold Shift.
  4. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  5. Drag the object to the Drive A object.
  6. Release mouse button 2.
  7. Release Shift.
Note:  When moving an object to a diskette, the Shift key must be used with mouse button 2.
===Deleting Objects from a Diskette 140/2===
You can delete (erase) unwanted objects from a diskette.
To delete an object from a diskette:
  1. Place the diskette you want to delete the object from into drive A.
  2. Open Drive A.
  3. Point to the object you want to delete.
  4. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  5. Drag the object to the Shredder.
  6. Release mouse button 2.
===Formatting a Diskette 141/2===
You can format a diskette using the Drive A object. When a diskette is formatted, it is checked for defects and prepared to accept data. During this process, all existing data is erased from the diskette.
To format a diskette:
  1. Place the diskette you want to format into drive A.
  2. Point to Drive A.
  3. Click mouse button 2.
  4. Select Format disk.
  5. When the Format Disk window appears, type a Volume Label (name for the
      disk or diskette).
  6. Select Format.
  7. When the format is complete, select OK.
===Checking a Diskette 142/2===
You can check a diskette for:
*Defects, which are errors in the file allocation table or directory on the diskette.  If you select Write corrections to disk, any problems found will be fixed.
*Current usage, which is the amount of the diskette used for directories, user files, and extended attributes.  It also indicates the amount of space that is reserved on the diskette.
*File system type, which is the type of file system on the diskette.  (All diskettes are formatted for the FAT file system.)
*Total disk space, which is the capacity of the diskette in bytes.
*Total amount of disk space available, which is the amount of free space left on the diskette.
To check a diskette:
#Place the diskette to be checked into drive A.
#Point to Drive A.
#Click mouse button 2.
#Select Check disk.
#Select Write corrections to disk.
#Select Check.
#After a few seconds, the Check Disk - Results window is displayed.  Select Cancel to remove the window.
===Using Command Prompts 143/1+===
The Command Prompts folder contains objects that open DOS, OS/2, and WIN-OS/2 sessions. A session is one instance of a command prompt or started program.
Each session is separate from all other sessions that might be running on the computer.
To open the Command Prompts object:
#Open OS/2 System.
#Open Command Prompts.
===OS/2 Command Prompts 144/2===
The OS/2 Full-Screen and OS/2 Window objects are used to access an OS/2 command prompt. At these command prompts, you can start programs and enter OS/2 commands.
For a description of OS/2 commands that can be used at these prompts, see the OS/2 Command Reference in the Information folder.
To start an OS/2 command prompt session:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Open OS/2 Full Screen, OS/2 Window, or both.
When you close a session, the session and its related windows are automatically closed. Make sure that you save all important data in the session before you close it.
To close an OS/2 command prompt session:
  1. Type Exit.
  2. Press Enter.
You can switch (temporarily leave without closing) from an OS/2 command prompt session to another running program.  When you switch sessions, your command prompt session is saved and then restored when you switch back.
To temporarily leave an OS/2 command prompt session:
  1. Press Ctrl+Esc.
  2. Point to a title on the Window List.
  3. Double-click.
or:
  1. Press Alt+Esc to switch to another open object.
===DOS Command Prompts 145/2===
The DOS Full-Screen and DOS Window objects are used to access a DOS command prompt. At these command prompts, you can start programs and enter DOS commands.
For a description of DOS commands that can be used at these prompts, see the OS/2 Command Reference in the Information folder.
To start a DOS command prompt session:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Open DOS Full Screen, DOS Window, or both.
When you close a session, the session and its related windows are automatically closed.  Make sure that you save all important data in the session before you close it.
To close a DOS command prompt session:
  1. Type Exit.
  2. Press Enter.
You can switch from a DOS command prompt session to another running program. When you switch sessions, your command prompt session is saved and then restored when you switch back.
To temporarily leave a DOS command prompt session:
  1. Press Ctrl+Esc.
  2. Point to a title on the Window List.
  3. Double-click.
or:
  1. Press Alt+Esc to display the Desktop.
===DOS from Drive A 146/2+===
The DOS from Drive A object is used to start a specific version (3.0 or later) of DOS from a diskette.  By using a specific version of DOS, you can use programs that will not run under the DOS provided with OS/2.
Before you can start a specific DOS version from a diskette, you must create the diskette used to start the DOS version.  This diskette is commonly known as a DOS Startup diskette or DOS bootable diskette.
===Creating a DOS Startup Diskette 147/3===
Note:  If you already have a DOS Startup diskette, go to step 6 to make sure the
diskette is set up to work correctly with the DOS from Drive A object.
To create a DOS Startup diskette:
  1. Boot your system with a version of DOS.  You can use a:
        o  DOS installation diskette
        o  Hard disk that DOS has been installed on
        o  Diskette that DOS has been installed on
  2. Type FORMAT A: /S
  3. Place a blank diskette into drive A.
  4. Press Enter.  This transfers the system files to the diskette.
  5. When the format is complete, remove the diskette.
  6. Start OS/2 by pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del.
  7. Select OS/2 System.
  8. Select Drives.
  9. Select Drive C.
  10. Open the OS/2 folder; then open the MDOS folder.
  11. Place the formatted diskette containing the system files into drive A.
  12. Copy the following data-file objects from Drive C to the Drive A object:
        o  FSFILTER.SYS
        o  FSACCESS.EXE You can copy as many additional DOS files to the
          diskette as you want.
  13. Open the Templates folder.
  14. Copy a Data File object to the Desktop.
  15. Point to the data-file object and double-click.  The OS/2 System Editor
      starts.
  16. Type the following information into the data file:
      DEVICE=FSFILTER.SYS
      DEVICE=C:\OS2\MDOS\HIMEM.SYS
      DEVICE=C:\OS2\MDOS\EMM386.SYS
      DOS=HIGH,UMB
      DEVICEHIGH=C:\OS2\MDOS\ANSI.SYS
      FILES=20
      BUFFERS=20
  17. Point to the title-bar icon of the OS/2 System Editor; then double-click.
  18. Select Save as; then type A:\CONFIG.SYS and press Enter.
  19. Point to the data-file object again and double-click.
  20. Type the following information into the data file:
      ECHO OFF
      PROMPT $P$G
      SET COMSPEC=A:\COMMAND.COM
      C:\OS2\MDOS\MOUSE.COM
      PATH A:\
  21. Point to the title-bar icon of the OS/2 System Editor; then double-click.
  22. Select Save as; then type A:\AUTOEXEC.BAT and press Enter.
===Starting DOS from Drive A 148/3===
To start a DOS from Drive A session:
  1. Insert the DOS Startup diskette in drive A.
  2. Open OS/2 System.
  3. Open Command Prompts.
  4. Open DOS from Drive A.
To close a DOS from Drive A session:
  1. Press Ctrl+Esc.
  2. Point to DOS from Drive A in the Window List.
  3. Click mouse button 2.
  4. Click on Close.
You can switch from a DOS from Drive A session to another running program.
When you switch sessions, your command prompt session is saved and then
restored when you switch back.
To temporarily leave a DOS from Drive A session:
  1. Press Ctrl+Esc.
  2. Point to a title on the Window List.
  3. Double-click.
or:
  1. Press Alt+Esc to display the Desktop.
===WIN-OS/2 Full Screen 149/2===
The WIN-OS/2 Full-Screen object is used to run multiple Windows programs in a full-screen session. For more information about WIN-OS/2, see the online WIN-OS/2 Book located in the Information folder.
To start a WIN-OS/2 Full-Screen session:
  1. open the object.
To close a WIN-OS/2 full-screen session:
  1. Point to the title-bar icon.
  2. Double-click.
To switch to the OS/2 Desktop:
  1. Point to the OS/2 Desktop object in the lower left corner of the screen.
  2. Double-click.
===Starting Multiple Sessions 150/2===
You can have multiple sessions of any object open.
To open more than one session of an object:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Copy one of the objects (for example, DOS Window) by holding down the Ctrl
      key and mouse button 2 and dragging the object to the same or another
      folder.  Then release the mouse button and the Ctrl key.
  4. Open the object to start the session.
  5. Repeat the steps to create and open another session.
Or, if you need multiple copies of objects often, you can alter the settings of
the object so that it creates another session every time you open it.  Do the
following:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Point to the object.
  4. Click mouse button 2.
  5. Select Settings.
  6. Select the Window tab.
  7. Select the Create new window radio button.
  8. Close the notebook by double-clicking mouse button 1 on the title-bar
      icon.  Now, each time you select the object a new session starts.
===Starting and Exiting BASICA and QBASIC 151/2===
To start the BASICA or QBASIC programs:
Note:  BASICA will only run on IBM computers.
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Open OS/2 Full Screen, OS/2 Window, DOS Full Screen, or DOS Window.
  4. Type BASICA or QBASIC at the command prompt; then press Enter.
To exit the BASICA program:
  1. Type SYSTEM.
  2. Press Enter.
To exit the QBASIC program:
  1. Select File.
  2. Select Exit.
  3. Select Enter.
===Cleaning Up Your Desktop 152/1+===
The Minimized Window Viewer is where open objects are stored when they are minimized. This keeps your desktop organized but still allows you to have multiple objects open and running.
To open the Minimized Window Viewer:
  1. Point to Minimized Window Viewer.
  2. Double-click.
===Displaying an Object in the Minimized Window Viewer 153/2===
The objects in the Minimized Window Viewer are still open, but they are running in the background (cannot accept user input).
To display an object found in the Minimized Window Viewer:
  1. Open the Minimized Window Viewer.
  2. Point to the object.
  3. Double-click.
or:
  1. Point to an empty area on the desktop.
  2. Click mouse buttons 1 and 2 at the same time.
  3. Point to the title of the object you want to display.
  4. Double-click.
Note:  There may be more titles in the Window List than objects in the
Minimized Window Viewer, because hidden windows are also displayed in the
Window List.
===Minimizing an Object to the Desktop 154/2===
Some frequently used objects might be easier to re-access if they are minimized to the desktop instead of the Minimized Window Viewer.
To make an object minimize to the desktop:
  1. Point to the object you want to minimize to the desktop.
  2. Click mouse button 2.
  3. Select Settings.
  4. Select the Window tab.
  5. Select Minimize button.  (If the choice is present.)
  6. Select Minimize window to desktop.
  7. Point to the title-bar icon.
  8. Double-click.
===Minimizing an Object to the Minimized Window Viewer    155/2===
Most objects by default are set up to minimize to the Minimized Window Viewer.
However, some objects are not.
To make an object minimize to the Minimized Window Viewer:
  1. Point to the object you want to minimize to the Minimized Window Viewer.
  2. Click mouse button 2.
  3. Select Settings.
  4. Select the Window tab.
  5. Select Minimize button.  (If the choice is present.)
  6. Select Minimize window to viewer.
  7. Point to the title-bar icon.
  8. Double-click.
===Using the Shredder 156/1+===
The Shredder object provides a quick and easy way to delete objects.  It is
located on the LaunchPad .
To delete an object:
  1. Point to the object.
  2. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  3. Drag the object to the Shredder.
  4. Release mouse button 2.
  5. Respond to confirmation messages (if applicable).
===Customizing the Delete Confirmations 157/2===
You can change the settings of your desktop to specify when confirmation
messages appear, if any, when you delete an object.  The following confirmation
choices are available:
Confirm on folder delete  Displays a confirmation message whenever a folder
                          object is deleted using the Shredder object or a
                          pop-up menu.
Confirm on delete        Displays a confirmation message whenever an object is
                          deleted using the Shredder object or a pop-up menu.
    Important Disabling the confirmation messages increases your chances of
    accidentally deleting an object.
To change the settings:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open System.
  4. Select the Confirmations tab.
  5. Make sure a check mark appears in each choice that you want to enable.  To
      add or remove a check mark, select the choice.
  6. Point to the title-bar icon.
  7. Double-click.
===Preparing Your System to Recover Deleted Objects 158/2===
Chances are that at some point you will accidentally delete an object that you
need.  You can recover a deleted object if the DELDIR environment variable is
enabled in your CONFIG.SYS file prior to deleting the object.
To enable DELDIR:
  1. Edit your C:\CONFIG.SYS file and remove the REM statement from the
      beginning of the DELDIR statement.
        a. Open OS/2 System.
        b. Open Drives.
        c. Open Drive C.  (If the OS/2 operating system is installed on a
          different drive, open that drive instead.)
        d. After the Drive C object opens, a tree view of its contents is
          displayed.  Open the Drive C entry in the tree.
        e. Open the C:\CONFIG.SYS file.
        f. Select Edit.
        g. Select Find.
        h. Type DELDIR (all caps) in the Find field.
        i. Select Find.  (If the DELDIR statement is not found, see the online
          Command Reference for instructions on how to add it.)
        j. Select the beginning of the DELDIR line.
        k. Delete REM from the beginning of the line using the Del key.
        l. Point to the title-bar icon.
        m. Double-click.
        n. Select Save.
        o. Select Type.
        p. Select Set.
  2. Shut down your system; then restart it.  Changes made to the CONFIG.SYS
      object are not initiated until the system is restarted.
The DELDIR statement specifies the size of the directory used to hold deleted
objects.  When the directory is full, the oldest files in the directory are
removed in order to make room for the new objects.
If you delete an object, recover it as soon as possible afterwards, or it might
be too late.  For more information about DELDIR, see the online Command
Reference.
Note:  To be able to recover objects deleted in a DOS session, repeat the
preceding procedure on the AUTOEXEC.BAT file.
===Recovering Deleted Objects 159/2===
You can recover a deleted or erased object using the UNDELETE command.
Note:  The DELDIR environment variable must be enabled prior to the deletion of the object.  For more information about DELDIR, see Preparing Your System to
Recover Deleted Objects.
To recover a deleted object:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Open a DOS or OS/2 window.
  4. Type UNDELETE /L and press Enter to see a list of file names associated
      with the recently deleted objects.
  5. Write down the complete path and file name.  Include the drive letter,
      directory names, and the file name.  For example:
      C:\OS2\SAMPLE.TXT
  6. Type UNDELETE followed by the complete path and file name.  For example:
      UNDELETE C:\OS2\SAMPLE.TXT
  7. Press Enter.
The file associated with the deleted object has now been successfully
recovered.  For more information about UNDELETE, see the online Command
Reference.
To place the object back on the desktop:
  1. Open Drives.
  2. Open the drive that contains the recovered file (object).
  3. Find the object on the drive.
  4. Point to the object.
  5. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  6. Drag the object to the desktop.
  7. Release mouse button 2.
===Using Templates 160/1+===
A template is an object that you can use as a model to create additional objects. When you drag a template, you create another of the original object, as though you were peeling one of the objects off a stack. The new object has the same settings and contents as the templates in the stack.
===Creating an Object from the Templates Folder 161/2+===
You can create new objects by using the objects in the Templates folder. To open the Templates folder:
  1. Point to the Templates object on the Desktop.
  2. Double-click.
===Creating a Folder Object 162/3===
To use the Folder template to create a new folder:
  1. Open Templates.
  2. Point to the Folder template.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag a copy of the Folder template to the Desktop or to another folder.
  5. Release mouse button 2.  An empty folder is created.
  6. Rename the folder (for example, "My new folder").  For information about
      renaming, see the OS/2 Tutorial.
You can drag any objects you want (for example, program objects and data-file
objects) to the new folder.
    Tip The operating system will add new templates when you install programs
    that support them.  The MMPM/2 application supports templates for digital
    audio, MIDI, and digital video files.
===Creating a Data-File Object 163/3===
To use the Data File template to create a data-file object:
  1. Open Templates.
  2. Move the mouse pointer to the Data-File template.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag the Data-File template to any folder (including the Desktop folder).
      A new data-file object is created.
  5. Open the data-file object to begin editing the file with the System
      Editor.
  6. When you are ready to save the file, select File; then select Save.
      Respond to the system prompts (for example, in the Save notification
      window, indicate if you want a file type such as plain text).
  7. Double-click mouse button 1 on the title-bar icon to close the window.
  8. Rename the object currently titled "Data File".  Refer to the OS/2
      Tutorial.
Note:  If you use Save as on the File menu instead of Save, another object is
created with the new name. "Data File" remains an empty file.
If you open a data-file object that is not associated with any other program,
it automatically opens in the OS/2 System Editor.  If you prefer, you can
associate the data-file object with one or more program objects (for more
information, see the Master Help Index).  For more information about using the
OS/2 System Editor, select Help on the menu.
===Creating a Program Object 164/3===
A program object starts a program or a session.  If you install a new OS/2, DOS,
or Windows program, you might need to run the Add Programs program in the System
Setup folder to create a program object.  This is the recommended method of
creating a program object.
You also can create a program object using the Templates folder.
  1. Open Templates.
  2. Move the mouse pointer to the Program template.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag the Program template to a folder or to the Desktop.
  5. Customize the program object using the Settings notebook.  For example,
      select the session type, name the program object, or set up the
      associations.
===Creating a Template of an Object 165/2===
You can create a template of an object when you have an existing object (such as
a form letter with a company letterhead) and you need another one.  For example,
you could make the form letter a template and then customize it for different
customers.  The new object will have the same settings (such as associations)
and contents as the original.
To create a template of an object:
  1. Display the pop-up menu for the object by pointing at the object and then
      clicking mouse button 2.
  2. Select Settings.
  3. Select the General tab.
  4. Select the Template check box.
  5. Close the Settings notebook.
The object is now displayed as a template.
Drag a copy of the object from the template whenever you need a new copy.
Customize the new object to your preference.  For example, you can change the
name of the object and add a new icon (see the OS/2 Tutorial or the Master Help
Index).
If you want to move a stack of templates, rather than create an object from the
top template, press the Shift key while dragging the stack.
===Creating Another Object 166/2===
All objects that have a Create another choice in their pop-up menu have a cascaded menu that lists their templates.  When you create a template of your own, it is added to the cascaded menu.
The result of Create another is identical to creating an object from a template.
If you select Create another from the pop-up menu of an object, a new object
with the same default settings and data is created.  If you select the arrow to
the right of Create another, a cascaded menu is displayed.  This menu contains a
listing of all the template objects you created.  You can select one of the
choices to create another object from that template.
For example, suppose you created a template and named it "Company letterhead."
This template is listed as a choice on the cascaded menu.  Whenever you need to
create a similar letter, select Company letterhead.  The new data-file object
contains whatever was in the original "Company letterhead" and the same settings
(such as associations).
To create another object using a pop-up menu:
  1. Display the pop-up menu for the object by pointing at the object and then
      clicking mouse button 2.
  2. Select Create another if you want to use one of your templates, or select
      the arrow to the right of Create another and select a template choice.
Note:  The new object appears in the active folder; for example, if the object
is on the Desktop, the duplicate appears on the Desktop.
===Setting Up Printers 167/1+===
If you installed a printer when you installed OS/2, a printer object is on your
Desktop.  The printer object is used to print jobs (data files) and check their
progress.  If you want to add a printer object, see Installing a Printer.
Note:  The explanations and instructions in this chapter apply to printers and
plotters.
Each printer object represents a certain arrangement of hardware, software, and
configurations, which simplifies the printing process. Printer objects can
represent local printers and network printers. Local printers are connected to
individual computers or individual workstations on a network.  Network printers
are connected to local area network (LAN) servers and can be used by
workstations connected to the network.  For more detailed information about
printer and printing, see the OS/2 Tutorial and the online Printing in OS/2 book
located in the Information folder.
===Installing a Printer 168/2+===
Even if you did not select a printer during the OS/2 installation, you still can add a printer to the system.  There are several different procedures to choose from.  From the following list, choose the procedure that best describes your
situation, then follow the instructions to add the printer.
  o  Create a printer object but use a printer driver that is currently
      installed on the system.  See Creating a Printer Object.
  o  Create a printer object and install a new printer driver to use with it.
      See Creating a Printer Object and Installing a Printer Driver.
  o  Install a new printer driver but use an existing printer object. See
      Installing a Printer Driver Only.
  o  Change the printer driver being used with an existing printer object.  See
      Changing Printer Drivers.
  o  Install a Windows printer driver for use with WIN-OS/2. See Installing a
      Printer Driver for a WIN-OS/2 Session.
  o  Install an OEM (Other Equipment Manufacturer) printer driver for use with
      Windows. See Installing a Printer Driver from Another Manufacturer for a
      WIN-OS/2 Session.
Note:  When you create an OS/2 printer object, you might be prompted to create
an equivalent Windows printer object.  If you choose to create the Windows
printer object, you also are prompted to install a Windows printer driver.
===Creating a Printer Object 169/3===
This procedure involves adding a printer object and selecting a printer driver.
Use this procedure if you have existing printer drivers installed on your system
and you want this new printer object to use one of them.
To create a printer object to use with an existing printer driver:
  1. Open Templates.
  2. Point to the Printer template.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag the template to a folder or the Desktop.
  5. Release mouse button 2.  The Create a Printer window is displayed.
  6. Type a name for the printer in the Name field.
  7. Select the port to which the printer is connected.
  8. Select the printer driver that corresponds to your printer model.
  9. Select Create.
  10. Respond to the "Do you want to install an equivalent WIN-OS/2 printer
      configuration" question; then follow the instructions on the screen to
      complete the installation.
A new printer object is on your Desktop.  If you want to customize the settings
for this new printer object, see Setting Printer Properties.
===Creating a Printer Object and Installing a Printer Driver 170/3===
This procedure involves creating a printer object and installing a printer driver.  Use this procedure if you want to create a printer object and install a
new printer driver.
  1. Open Templates.
  2. Point to the Printer template.
  3. Press and hold mouse button 2.
  4. Drag the template to a folder or the Desktop.
  5. Release mouse button 2.
  6. Type a name for the printer in the Name field.
  7. Select the port to which the printer is connected.
  8. Select Install new printer driver.
  9. Use the instructions in the following list to install your printer driver:
        o  If your printer driver came with the OS/2 operating system, follow
          the instructions for Printer Driver Shipped with OS/2.
        o  If your printer driver did not come with the OS/2 operating system,
          follow the instructions for Other Printer Driver.
Printer Driver Shipped with OS/2
  1. Select one or more printer drivers in the list.
  2. Select Install.
  3. Ensure that the information in the Directory field is correct.
  4. Select OK.
  5. Select create to create the printer object.
Other Printer Driver
  1. Select Other OS/2 printer driver
  2. Insert the diskette containing the printer drivers in drive A or type the
      appropriate drive designation and path in the Directory field.
  3. Select Refresh.  Wait until the window fills with printer drivers.
  4. Select one or more drivers.  If the driver you need is not listed, insert
      another diskette or change the information in the Directory field and
      select Refresh again.
  5. Select Install.
  6. Select Create to create the printer object.
A new printer object is on your Desktop.  If you want to customize the settings
for this new printer object, see Setting Printer Properties.
    Tip Many printers have multiple printer drivers available.  For example,
    Hewlett Packard has several drivers for their LaserJet IIID printer. To
    ensure that you get the correct driver with the printer model you select,
    scroll the Printer Driver field to the right until you can see the name of
    the printer driver.
===Installing a Printer Driver Only 171/3===
Sometimes you have an existing printer object, but you do not have the correct printer driver on your system.  This might happen if you add a different printer to your system.
To install a new driver for an existing printer object:
  1. Point to the printer object.
  2. Click mouse button 2.
  3. Select Settings.
  4. Select the Printer driver tab.
  5. Point to one of the printer driver objects.
  6. Click mouse button 2.
  7. Select Install.
  8. Use the instructions in the following list to install your printer driver:
        o  If your printer driver came with the OS/2 operating system, follow
          the instructions for Printer Driver Shipped with OS/2.
        o  If your printer driver did not come with the OS/2 operating system,
          follow the instructions for Other Printer Driver.
Printer Driver Shipped with OS/2
  1. Select one or more printer drivers in the list.
  2. Select Install.
  3. Ensure that the information in the Directory field is correct.
  4. Select OK.
Other Printer Driver
  1. Select Other OS/2 printer driver.
  2. Insert the diskette containing the printer drivers in drive A or type the
      appropriate drive designation and path in the Directory field.
  3. Select Refresh.
  4. Select one or more drivers.  If the driver you need is not listed, insert
      another diskette or change the information in the Directory field and
      select Refresh again.
  5. Select Install.
A new printer driver is installed.  If you want to customize the settings for
this new printer driver, see Setting Printer Properties.
    Tip Many printers have multiple printer drivers available.  For example,
    Hewlett Packard has several drivers for their LaserJet IIID printer. To
    ensure that you get the correct driver with the printer model you select,
    scroll the Printer Driver field to the right until you can see the printer
    driver name.
===Changing Printer Drivers 172/3===
You might already have both the printer object and the printer driver installed
on your system, but you need to connect them.  This might happen if you like to
use different printer drivers with a printer object.
To change to a different printer driver:
  1. Point to the printer object.
  2. Click mouse button 2.
  3. Select Settings.
  4. Select the Printer driver tab.
  5. Select the printer driver.
  6. Point to the title-bar icon.
  7. Double-click.
The printer object is now set up to use a different printer driver. See Setting
Printer Properties for information about setting the properties to match the
capabilities of the new printer driver.
===Installing a Printer Driver for a WIN-OS/2 Session 173/3===
Windows programs print directly to the OS/2 spooler. Therefore, multiple print jobs can be spooled from one WIN-OS/2 session or multiple WIN-OS/2 sessions.
To install a printer driver in Windows:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Open WIN-OS/2 Full Screen.
  4. Open WIN-OS/2 Main.
  5. Open Control Panel.
  6. Open Printers.
  7. Select Add and then select a printer driver in the list.
  8. Select Install.
  9. Insert the diskette containing the printer drivers in drive A or type the
      appropriate drive designation and path in the Install Driver pop-up
      window.
  10. Select OK.
  11. Select Connect.
  12. Select LPT1.OS2, LPT2.OS2, or LPT3.OS2.
      Note:  You can select a COMx port, but no spooling to the OS/2 Print
      object will occur.  However, you will still be able to use the Print
      Manager in Windows.
  13. Select OK.
  14. Select the printer that you want to assign as the default.
  15. Select the Set as Default Printer pushbutton.
  16. Select Close.
===Installing a Printer Driver from Another Manufacturer for a WIN-OS/2 Session 174/3===
OS/2 has a wide variety of printer drivers available for use with Windows.
However, there might be times when you want to use a driver supplied by another
printer manufacturer.
To add a Windows printer driver supplied by another printer manufacturer:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Command Prompts.
  3. Open WIN-OS/2 Full Screen
  4. Open WIN-OS/2 Main
  5. Open Control Panel.
  6. Open Printers.
  7. Select Add.
  8. Select Unlisted Printer from the beginning of the list of printers.
  9. Select Install.
  10. Insert the diskette containing the printer drivers in drive A or type the
      appropriate drive designation and path in the Install Driver pop-up
      window.
  11. Select OK.
  12. Select Connect.
  13. Select LPT1.OS2, LPT2.OS2, or LPT3.OS2.
  14. Select OK.
  15. Select the printer that you want to assign as the default.
  16. Select the Set as Default Printer pushbutton.
  17. Select Close.
    Tip If you also want to create an OS/2 printer object for use with the same
    driver, follow the instructions for Creating a Printer Object and make the
    following selections:
      o  Select the same port you selected for your printer, using the Windows
          Control Panel.
      o  Select the OS/2 printer driver, IBMNULL, as the default driver.
          (IBMNULL is installed during system installation.)
===Setting Printer Properties 175/2===
A printer driver has settings called printer properties. Printer properties describe the way your printer is physically set up.
Examples of printer properties are:
  o  Type of paper feed (tractor or bin)
  o  Number and location of paper trays
  o  Forms defined for your printer
  o  Forms loaded in the paper feed or trays of your printer
  o  Font cartridges loaded on the printer
  o  Installed soft fonts
  o  Additional features installed, such as extended symbol sets and patterns
  o  Resolution
  o  Orientation
  o  Compression
Examples of plotter properties are:
  o  Number of carousels
  o  Active carousel
  o  Color type of each pen in a carousel
The number and kind of properties available depend upon the type of printer or
plotter you have.
To set the printer properties:
  1. Point to the printer object.
  2. Click mouse button 2.
  3. Select Settings.
  4. Select the Printer driver tab.
  5. Point to a printer driver.
  6. Click mouse button 2.
  7. Select Settings.
  8. Change the properties to match your printer setup.
  9. Point to the title-bar icon.
  10. Double-click.
Your printer object is now set up to print a job.  For information about how to
print a job, see the online Printing in OS/2 book located in the Information
Folder.
===Using Productivity Tools and Games 176/1+===
The Productivity folder provides programs that assist you in editing text and icons, searching for files or text and displaying system utilization., Each productivity program has a set of help menus to assist you with using the program.
The Games folder provides you with games for your entertainment.
===The Productivity Folder 177/2+===
To open a Productivity program:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Productivity.
  3. Open the program you want to use.
For information about using a program in the Productivity folder, press F1 after the program is opened.
===Clipboard Viewer 178/3===
Clipboard Viewer is a program that enables you to view the contents of the OS/2 clipboard. The system clipboard is used to share information between programs in the same session or in different sessions (for information about sessions, see Using Command Prompts). It temporarily holds data being passed from one program to another. You can copy or cut information to the clipboard from a program in one session and then paste the information from the clipboard to a
program in a different session.  For more information about the clipboard, refer
to the online book Windows Programs in OS/2
===Enhanced Editor 179/3===
Enhanced Editor is an editor you can use to create and edit text files. It also enables you to work on multiple files at the same time. You can start the Enhanced Editor by opening its object or by typing EPM at the OS/2 command prompt and pressing Enter.
The Enhanced Editor has a number of features and functions. These features and
functions are thoroughly explained in the Quick Reference help file located
under the Help menu bar choice of the Enhanced Editor.
Icon Editor    180/3
Icon Editor is a tool that enables you to create, edit, and convert image files.
These files include icons, bit maps, and pointers.  An icon is a graphical
representation of an object or a minimized program. A bit map is a special type
of image made up of a series of dots. (The OS/2 logo is an example of a bit
map.)  A pointer is a small symbol on the screen that reflects the movement of
the mouse.
OS/2 System Editor    181/3
The OS/2 System Editor is used to create and edit text files. You can use the
System Editor to edit your CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT system files.  The System
Editor runs in a window.  You can start several sessions of the System Editor so
that you can edit several files at once.
You can start the System Editor two ways:
  o  By selecting its object
  o  Opening a data file associated with the System Editor.  (All data files
      area associated with the System Editor by default.)
  o  By typing E (and pressing Enter) at an OS/2 command line If you want to
      edit a particular file, you follow the E with a space and then type the
      path and file name of the file.
Picture Viewer    182/3
Picture Viewer displays and prints metafile (.MET) and picture interchange
format (.PIF) files.  You also can view spooler (.SPL) files; however, the file
must contain a picture in a standard OS/2 format.
Note:  Picture Viewer does not support multiple-page metafiles.
Picture Viewer lets you zoom in or zoom out of a picture after it is displayed.
  Move the mouse pointer to the portion of the picture you want to zoom in and
then double-click mouse button 1.
Pulse    183/3
Pulse is a system monitor.  Use Pulse to see a graphic representation of how
different activities affect the system and how much processor power is still
available for other programs.  You can change the colors of the graphic, adjust
the graph line, and freeze the screen image.
Seek and Scan Files    184/3
Seek and Scan Files is a program that quickly searches one or more disks for
files or text.  When a file match is found, it is displayed in a selection list.
Then you can open (or run) the selected file.
The Games Folder    185/2+
The Games folder contains Klondike Solitaire, OS/2 Chess and Mahjongg.
To start a game:
  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open Games.
  3. Open the game you want to play.
For information about playing a game in the Games folder, press F1 after the
game is opened.
Klondike Solitaire    186/3
Klondike Solitaire is a popular card game for one person.  The object of this
game is to find the aces and build on them in suit and in ascending order.  You
use the mouse to move the cards to their new location.
OS/2 Chess    187/3
With OS/2 Chess, you can play a game of chess against another person playing on
the same computer or on a network workstation.  You also can play against the
computer.  The object of the game is to checkmate your opponent's king.
Mahjongg    188/3
Mahjongg is a popular version of the ancient Chinese tile game. The object of
this game is to remove all the tiles by matching all the pairs.
Using the Information    189/1+
The Information folder contains information to aid you in using OS/2.
To open the Information folder:
  1. Point to Information
  2. Double-click.
The Information folder contains all the online documents described in this
chapter.
Using OS/2    190/2
The OS/2 Tutorial is an interactive and animated look at the OS/2 Workplace
Shell interface.  It explains how to use a mouse, work with objects and folders,
use windows, and get help.
If you are new to OS/2, you should spend the 40 minutes (approximate) it takes
to go through the tutorial.  You will find that it is time well spent.
To start the OS/2 Tutorial:
  1. Open Information
  2. Open Tutorial
Command Reference    191/2+
Before there were friendly operating system interfaces like the Workplace Shell,
computer users communicated with a computer using a predefined set of
instructions called commands.  Users would type a command at a prompt, and the
computer would perform the requested task.
Some people still like to communicate with the computer in this way.  For that
reason, OS/2 supplies both DOS and OS/2 command prompts and the OS/2 Command
Reference.
The Command Reference explains each OS/2 and DOS command, graphically shows the
correct syntax of the command, and gives examples of when and how to use the
command.
In addition, it explains the commands that can be used to create a batch file (a
series of commands that are processed sequentially).  Batch files are useful for
automating the entering of commands that are used over and over again.
To open the OS/2 Command Reference:
  1. Open Information.
  2. Open Command Reference.
To open the OS/2 Command Reference and get information about a specific
command:
  1. At an OS/2 command prompt, type HELP followed by the name of the command.
      For example:
      HELP COPY
  2. Press Enter.  The Command Reference is opened to the COPY command page.
Using the Contents Window    192/3
The Contents window is the first window that appears when the Command Reference
is opened.  Notice that some of the topics in this window have a plus (+) sign
beside them.  The plus sign indicates that additional topics are available.
To expand the Contents and view the additional topics:
  1. Select the + sign.
To collapse the topics in the Contents:
  1. Select the - sign.
To open a topic:
  1. Point to the title of the topic.
  2. Double-click.
Obtaining Additional Information    193/3
When a topic is opened, the information for the topic is displayed in a window.
Highlighted words and phrases in the window indicate that additional information
is hidden "beneath" the word or phrase.
To view the additional information:
  1. Point to the highlighted word or phrase.
  2. Double-click.
To return to the previous window of information:
  1. Select Previous.
Searching for Information    194/3
There might be times when you are using the Command Reference when you have an
idea of what you want, but you cannot remember where it is.  The search function
can help you find the information you need.
To search for a word or phrase in all the topics in the Command Reference:
  1. Select Search.
  2. Type the word or words you want to find.  You can also use the ? and *
      wildcard characters in the search field.
  3. Make sure that All sections is selected; then select Search.
A Search Results window appears containing a list of topics that have the word
or phrase that you were trying to find.  To open a topic, point to a topic and
double-click.
Sometimes, you have a general idea where the information is.  You can limit the
search to those topics by marking the topics.
To mark a topic:
  1. Press and hold Ctrl.
  2. Select the topics that you want to search.
  3. Release Ctrl.
To unmark a topic:
  1. Press and hold Ctrl.
  2. Select the topic.
  3. Release Ctrl.
To search for a word or phrase in marked topics:
  1. Select the + signs in the Contents window.
  2. Mark the topics you want to search.
  3. Select Search.
  4. Type the word or words you want to find.
  5. Make sure that Marked sections is selected; then select Search.
When the Search Results window appears, open the topics and read them.
Using a Bookmark    195/3
Information that you refer to frequently can be flagged using a bookmark.
Setting a bookmark duplicates the topic in a bookmark window.
To set a bookmark:
  1. Open the topic that you want to mark with a bookmark.
  2. Select Services.
  3. Select Bookmark.
  4. Change the name used for the bookmark (optional).
  5. Make sure Place is selected; then select OK.
To view bookmarked information:
  1. Select Services.
  2. Select Bookmark.
  3. Select View.
  4. Select the topic you want to open.
  5. Select OK.
To remove a bookmark:
  1. Select Services.
  2. Select Bookmark.
  3. Select Remove.
  4. Select the topic you want to remove.
  5. Select OK.
Printing a Topic    196/3
Some people prefer to read information in a hardcopy format.  You can print a
topic, some topics, all topics, the table of contents, and the index of the
Command Reference.
To print a topic:
  1. Open the topic you want to print.
  2. Select Print.
  3. Make sure that This section is selected; then select Print.
To print more than one topic:
  1. Press and hold Ctrl.
  2. Select the topics that you want to print.
  3. Release Ctrl.
  4. Select Print.
  5. Make sure that Marked sections is selected; then select Print.
To print the table of contents, index, or all the topics:
  1. Select Print.
  2. Select the item you want to print.
  3. Select Print.
Note:  The Contents and Index choices only print the entries; they do not print
the text associated with the entries.  The All sections choice prints the
entire Command Reference.  Before electing to do this, be aware that the
document is large and will take a long time to print.
===Glossary 197/2===
The Glossary is an alphabetic listing of terms used in the Workplace Shell interface and the online help system.
To open the Glossary:
#Open Information.
#Open Glossary.
There are three ways to find a term in the glossary. You can type the first letter of the word you are looking for, scroll through the list or use the search function.
To scroll through the list to find a term in the glossary:
#Select the letter that the word begins with.  If the letter is not visible, select the tab arrow until the letter is visible; then select the letter.
#Select the up or down arrow in the scroll bar until the term is visible.
#Point to the term.
#Double-click.
To use the search function to find a term in the glossary:
#Select Search topics.
#Type the term that you want to find.
#Select Search.
#When the list of matching entries appears, point to the term; then double-click.
===REXX Information 198/2+===
REXX is a procedures language designed to make basic OS/2 programs easier to write and debug.  Both beginning and experienced programmers will find REXX easy to use because it uses common English words, arithmetic and string functions, and OS/2 commands within a simple framework.
To view the REXX Information:
#Open Information.
#Open REXX Information.
For information about using the Contents window, searching, printing and getting additional information, see Command Reference.
===Displaying Help for OS/2 Messages 199/3===
You can get information to help you understand, correct, and respond to OS/2 messages. The way you request help depends upon how and where the message is displayed.
To get help for a message that appears in a window with a Help push button:
# Select the Help push button.
To get help for a message that appears on a full screen and is enclosed in a box:
# Use the up or down arrow key to highlight Display Help.
# Press Enter.
To get help for an error message that has a message number, preceded by the letters SYS:
# At the OS/2 command prompt, type HELP followed by a space and the message number. (It is not necessary to type the letters SYS or the leading zeros.)
# Press Enter.
For example, if you received this message:
SYS0002:  The system cannot find the file specified.
To request help for this message, type HELP 2 and then press Enter. The following help appears:
SYS0002:  The system cannot find the file specified.
EXPLANATION:  The file named in the command does not exist in the current
directory or search path specified.  Or, the file name was entered incorrectly.
ACTION:  Retry the command using the correct file name.
===Mastering the Master Help Index 200/1+===
The Master Help Index is an online, alphabetic list of topics available to help you while using OS/2.  This index contains information about:
*Things to consider before performing a task
*Steps to take to complete a task
*OS/2 concepts
*DOS error messages
To open the Master Help Index:
#Open Information.
#Open Master Help Index
Tabs turn to the page in the index of the selected alphabet letter.  Tab arrows scroll the tabs but do not scroll the index entries.
Scroll bar arrows (vertical scroll bar) scroll the index entries one line at a time.  Scroll bar arrows (horizontal scroll bar) scroll the index entries to the left or right so you can read information that does not fit into the window.
Index entries are the online help for the OS/2 operating system.
To open an index entry for viewing:
#Point to the entry.
#Double-click.
===Accessing Additional Information 201/2===
When an index entry is opened, the information for the topic is displayed in a window. Some entries have highlighted words and phrases in the window, which indicate that additional information is hidden "beneath" the word or phrase.
To view the additional information:
#Point to the highlighted word or phrase.
#Double-click.
To return to the previous window of information:
#Select Previous.
===Searching for a Topic 202/2===
You can search the Master Help Index for an entry using one or more words that describe the topic. For example, to search for information about how to duplicate an object, you might search using the word "duplicate", "duplicates", or even "duplicating". The result of a search (using duplicate, duplicates, or duplicating) is "copying an object".
To search for a topic:
#Open the Master Help Index.
#Select Search topics.
#In the Search string field, type the word or words that describe the topic.
#Select Search.
#When the list of topics (matched items) appears, open the entry you want to read.
===Printing a Master Help Index Entry 203/2===
To print a Master Help Index entry:
#Open the index entry you want to print.
#Select Print topic.
For more information about using the Master Help Index, review the OS/2 Tutorial.


==Appendix A==
==Appendix A==

Revision as of 12:40, 29 January 2018

Reprint Courtesy of International Business Machines Corporation, © International Business Machines Corporation

continues...

Using Pop-up Menus

Now that you know a little bit about the objects on the Desktop, you should also know that each object has its own menu known as a pop-up menu. Pop-up menus contain items that relate specifically to an object as well as items that are common to all objects. Some of the standard pop-up menu items include:

Open
Opens an object or folder and displays its contents, starts a program, or displays a data file. Selecting Open is the same as double-clicking on an object. Some items have an arrow to the right of Open that lets you choose how you want your icons to be displayed. You have three choices:
Icon View Displays the icons randomly within the folder.
Tree View Displays the objects in a hierarchy.
Details View Displays the properties of the objects (for example, the date and time the object was created, the full name of the object, and any other special attributes associated with the object).
Settings Opens the Settings notebook for the object. The Settings notebook looks like a book with tabs and enables you to view and change the current settings for the object.
Help Displays general help information about the object. Select the arrow to the right of Help to display a list of the types of help available for the object.
Help Index Displays an alphabetic list of available help topics for the active program.
General Help Displays help information about the active window. This is the same information you would see if you were to select Help from the pop-up menu or press the F1 key while the open window is active.
Using Help Explains all the ways you can get help for objects on the Desktop.
Keys Help Explains the different groups of keys you can use with OS/2.
     When you select a specific group, additional help is displayed with a list
     of the keys provided for the group.
Create another Lets you create another object from the pop-up menu and works
the same as if you were to drag a template from the Templates folder.
Copy Makes a duplicate of the selected object and its contents.
Move Lets you move an object to a new location anywhere on the Desktop.
Create shadow Creates a duplicate of an object but differs from a copy in that
it automatically exchanges data between the shadow and the original object.
When you make changes in the shadow object, the original object is updated with
the same data.
Pickup and Drop Enables you to move an object and perform other tasks before
you drop the object in its new location.  Drop will not be displayed on the
pop-up menu until you have selected Pickup.
Window Displays additional menu items that enable you to manage the size and
location of the window and close the open window.
Find Helps you locate any object in the system.
Arrange and Undo Arrange Organizes the objects on the Desktop or the open
active window in horizontal rows across the top of the screen.  Undo Arrange
places the objects in the location where they were before you selected Arrange.
 Undo Arrange will not be displayed on the pop-up menu until you have selected
Arrange.
Try It!
The Desktop has its own pop-up menu, and each object has its own pop-up menu.
To display the pop-up menu for the Desktop, try the following: c.
  1. Move the mouse pointer to an empty area on the Desktop.
  2. Press mouse button 2 to display the Desktop pop-up menu.
     Look at the menu items on the pop-up menu.  The Desktop pop-up menu
     contains items that no other pop-up menu has - Lockup now, Shut down, and
     System Setup.
To display the pop-up menu for an object, try the following.  In this example,
you will display the pop-up menu for the OS/2 System object. c.
  1. Move the mouse pointer to OS/2 System.
  2. Press mouse button 2 to display the pop-up menu for the object.
     Notice that some of the items on the pop-up menu for the object are
     different from those you saw on the Desktop pop-up. Each object has menu
     items that are exclusive to that object.

For more information about pop-up menus, select the menus topic in the Master Help Index, and then select any of the topics of interest to you.

Using Settings Notebooks

Each object has its own Settings notebook. The Settings notebook enables you to customize settings for each object. Just as the pop-up menus for an object have exclusive and common menu items, the Settings notebooks have exclusive settings pages. Some of the standard settings pages are as follows:

View
Use the View page to select how icons and their text are displayed.
Include
Use the Include page to include objects that you want in your folder and exclude objects you don't want in your folder.
Sort
Use the Sort page to determine the menu items listed when you select the arrow to the right of Sort in the pop-up menu. You determine how you want the objects in folders sorted by selecting the items from the pop-up menu.
Background
Use the Background page to select an image or color to display in the background of any open folder, including the Desktop. You can select a different image or color for each and every folder on the Desktop.
Menu
Use the menu page to customize your pop-up menu items. You can add, delete, or change the items on the pop-up menu or the cascaded menu that is displayed when you select the arrow to the right of a menu item.
File
Use the File page to view the file name and path of a file object. You can also define the object as a work area object. A work-area folder lets you put together objects that are related to a specific task. For more information about the Files page, select files topic from the Master Help Index and then select File information about objects. For more information about work-area folders, select the folders topic from the Master Help Index and then select Creating a work-area folder.
Window
Use the Window page to customize the window behavior for each object on the Desktop. Window behavior includes how and where you want your object to be minimized, how you want the window to open, and which button (hide or minimize) you want to appear on the window. every time you double-click on it.
General
Use the General page to change the name or the icon displayed for the folder currently selected or open.

There are additional settings pages available, but the pages listed above are some of the most common. You can get help for settings pages by selecting the Help push button, which is available on every page. Try It!

Use the following procedure as a guide to displaying the Settings notebook for an object:

  1. Move the mouse pointer to OS/2 System.
  2. Press mouse button 2 to display the pop-up menu for the object.
  3. Select Settings to display the Settings notebook for the object.
     Notice that each page is identified by a tab on the right side of the
     notebook.
  4. Select the Window tab to display the Window page.
     Look at the bottom of the page.  You will see Window - Page 1 of 2, which
     lets you know that there is more than one page associated with the Window
     tab.
  5. Click on the right arrow at the bottom of the page to display page 2 for
     the Window tab.
     Some of the tabs in the notebooks can have up to 3 or 4 pages with which
     they are associated.  Simply select the right arrow to move forward
     through the pages and the left arrow to move backward through the pages.
     You can also use the arrows instead of the tabs to page through the
     notebooks.
  6. Double-click on the title-bar icon to close the notebook.

When you make changes to the Settings notebook, the changes take effect immediately after you close the notebook.

Finding Information

OS/2 provides plenty of information online, in the form of help information and books, that you can use as you are working.

Getting Help

Help information is available for every object on the Desktop, every menu item on pop-up and pull-down menus, and every place you see a Help push button. Try It! If you want to learn how to use the online help functions, be sure the Using OS/2 tutorial is displayed. Then use the following procedure:

  1. Select the About Help push button.
  2. Review the panels about OS/2 Help.
  3. Read the instructions on the right side of the window and in the
     information box.
  4. Select the Practice push button to try it out.

Return to this book when you are finished.

F1 Help

F1 help provides information about objects, pop-up menu items, entry fields, and push buttons. You use the F1 help by selecting or highlighting an item and pressing the F1 key on your keyboard. Try It! To get F1 help for each item on a pop-up menu, try the following:

  1. Click on the down arrow icon in the upper-left corner of the tutorial
     window. The title-bar icon menu for the OS/2 tutorial is displayed.
  2. Press the Down Arrow key on your keyboard and watch the focus box move
     from menu item to menu item.  Try this several times and stop at the Close
     menu item.
  3. Now press the F1 key on your keyboard.
     A helpful explanation about why you might want to use this menu item is
     displayed.
  4. Double-click on the title-bar icon in the upper-left corner of the help
     window, next to Help for Close, to close the help window.
Return to this book when you are finished.

Help Push Button 32/4

Another way to get help is to use the Help push button available on most of the object pop-up menus and notebook pages. These Help push buttons let you work with the object while you learn how to use it. Try It! To learn how to use the Help push buttons, try the following:

  1. Open OS/2 System.
  2. Open System Setup.
  3. Open Solid Color Palette.
  4. Click on the Edit Color push button.
  5. When the Edit Color window is displayed, move it to the left side of the
     screen to make room for the help panel.
  6. Click on the Help push button.
  7. Read the information provided in the help window.  Notice the highlighted
     words within the help text.  These words indicate that additional
     information is available.
     You can use the Edit Color window while the Help information is displayed.
  8. When you are finished reading the help information, you can close the help
     window by double-clicking on the title-bar icon in the upper-left corner
     of the help window.
Another way to get help is by using an online book called the Master Help
Index.  For more information refer to "Mastering the Master Help Index" in Part
3 of this book.

Viewing Information Online 33/3+

When you installed OS/2, online information and books were added to the Information folder. These books and information describe information about printing in OS/2, using Windows programs in OS/2, program and performance considerations, using OS/2 multimedia programs, a book that identifies trademarks used in the online information, a glossary of terms and the Master Help Index, which is your main online help resource. The following books are in the Information folder.

Master Help Index 34/4

The Master Help Index provides help for practically everything you want to know about using OS/2. It is set up like a dictionary that has tabs. These tabs can help you find topics quickly. After you select a tab, use the scroll bar to page down to the topic you are looking for. You will sometimes find that after you select a topic, a secondary list of topics is displayed. This list of topics is related to the topic you selected. Try It!

To learn about the Master Help Index:

  1. Select the About Help push button.
  2. Select the Using the Master Help Index topic.
  3. Read the instructions on the right side of the window and in the information box.
  4. Select the Practice push button to try it out.

Hint:

You can use the keys on your keyboard to move to sections in the index. Simply press the key that corresponds to the first letter of the topic, and the entries that start with that letter will be displayed.

For more information refer to "Mastering the Master Help Index" in Part 3 of this book.

Command Reference 35/4

If you are familiar with using a command line or you want to learn how to use one, you will find the online Command Reference to be very helpful. This book contains descriptions of all the commands you can use at an OS/2 command prompt.

You might already be familiar with some of the commands because some are actually identical to those you have used with DOS. Some of the commands are new and some contain additional parameters specific for use with OS/2. For more information about command lines, see "Using Command Prompts" in Part 3 of this book. Try It!

To learn how to use the Command Reference, review the "Using the Command Reference" topic located in the About Help section of the tutorial. When you are finished, close the tutorial and try the following steps:

  1. Open the Information folder.
  2. Open the Command Reference.
  3. Select the + sign next to OS/2 Commands By Name to display all the OS/2 commands.
  4. Open the command for which you want information.

Note: You might see + signs next to some of the commands in the list. The + signs indicate that additional information pertaining to these commands is available. Click on the + sign to view the additional topics.

Glossary

The Glossary provides definitions for terms used in the OS/2 information. The Glossary looks like a dictionary and can be used in the same way the Master Help Index is used. You can use the tutorial to find out more about the Glossary.

REXX Information

This book provides information to acquaint you with the REXX language and programming concepts.

Windows Programs in OS/2

This book provides information about using OS/2 and Windows programs together under OS/2.

Application Considerations

This book provides information about the settings or tasks you need to perform to enable certain programs to run under OS/2.

Performance Considerations

This book provides information about how to improve the performance of your system, memory management, model-specific computer problems, and COM ports.

Printing in OS/2

This book provides information for everything you want to know about printing in OS/2-from installing a printer to solving printer problems.

Multimedia

This book provides information pertaining to the multimedia programs available with OS/2.

Trademarks

This book provides trademark information for trademarks mentioned in the online books and online help information.

Using the LaunchPad

The LaunchPad holds the objects and push buttons that you use most often. Some of the most commonly used objects are already on the LaunchPad.

Using LaunchPad Push Buttons

The push buttons at the left side of the LaunchPad let you secure your computer while you are away, shut down your computer when you are done working for the day, locate things on the Desktop, and display a list of all the windows you have open on the Desktop. The following describes the push buttons on the LaunchPad.

Lockup Push Button

You can use Lockup to lock up your computer keyboard and display at any time. By locking up your computer, you can keep others from using your computer while you are away. Try It! To lock up your computer, you must first decide on a password. Your password can be from 1 to 15 characters long. Think of a password now, write it down, and put it in a safe place. Then try the following:

  1. Select the Lockup push button on the left side of the LaunchPad.
  2. Read the text in the window and type your password in the Password field next to the blinking cursor.
  3. Press the Enter key on your keyboard and the cursor will start blinking in the Password (for verification) field.
  4. Type the same password again to verify that you entered the password correctly.
  5. Select the OK push button.
  6. Select the Lockup push button on the LaunchPad. The OS/2 Logo screen is displayed and a Help push button is available at the bottom right side of the screen.
  7. Type your password, and then press Enter. You will return to the Desktop.

Note: After you have specified your password, your screen will automatically lock up within three minutes if there is no action being performed on the Desktop. Realize that it is very important to be sure to:

 REMEMBER YOUR PASSWORD!

After you have decided upon a password and entered it into the Password window, you will not see the password window again unless you decide at some later time that you want to change your password. Now, whenever you select Lockup on the LaunchPad, your computer will be automatically locked up. To change your password, or any of the other settings associated with the Lockup push button, you must use the settings menu choice in the Desktop pop-up menu. Try It! To see the Lockup settings available and to change your password, try the following:

  1. Using mouse button 2, click on an open area on the Desktop. The Desktop pop-up menu is displayed.
  2. Select Settings to display the Settings notebook for the Desktop.
  3. Select the Lockup tab.
    Notice that the Lockup tab has three pages associated with it. The bottom right corner of the page is labeled Lockup - Page 1 of 3. The page currently displayed is the Timeout page. Use this page to change the current settings for how much time you want to pass before the computer automatically locks up. Timeout is set for 3 minutes by default. The second page enables you to decide what graphics or colors you want to be displayed while your computer is locked up. The Lockup screen is set to display the OS/2 Logo screen by default. The screen is displayed in the Preview area of the page. Page 3 is the page you use to change your current password.
  4. Move the mouse pointer to the right arrow and select it until the Password Page in the notebook is displayed.
  5. Type your new password in the Password field and then again in the Password (for verification) field. If you need help, select the Help push button.
  6. Select OK.

Remember to lock up your computer when you are away to prevent someone from using it.

Find Push Button

The Find push button helps you locate objects in the system. If you can't remember where to find your favorite game, you can use the Find option to help you locate it.

Try It!

To learn how to use Find, try the following:

  1. Select Find on the LaunchPad. The Find Objects window is displayed.
  2. Select the Help push button at the bottom of the window.
  3. Read the information about how to use Find. Be sure to read through to the end of the help information, where you can find a list of the fields available on the Find Objects window. You can double-click on the highlighted items to display additional information about how to use these fields. Be sure to select the Previous push button at the bottom of the help window to return to the original help information for Find.
  4. Double-click on the title-bar icon in the help window when you are finished using the help information. This will close the help window.

Window List Push Button

You can use the Window List push button to help you locate open objects, reopen minimized windows, or close open windows. Try It! To learn about the Window List, try the following:

  1. Select the Window List push button.
    A list of open active windows is displayed. The Desktop is the first window in the list. The list also includes the LaunchPad and any other active objects or folders you might have already opened.
  2. Select the title-bar icon located in the upper-left corner of the window.
  3. Select the arrow to the right of Help.
  4. Select General Help.
  5. Read the information in the help window to learn more about the Window List and how to use it.

Shut Down Push Button

After you have given OS/2 its daily workout, you must take care and remember to shut down your computer. Shut down is the cool-down exercise for this powerful operating system. When you shut down your computer, information about which windows are open and where they are located on the Desktop is saved in the storage buffer on your hard disk. When you select Shut down, you will see a window asking if you are ready to shut down. Simply select the OK push button and you will be on your way to performing a successful shutdown. Remember to use the Shut down option when you are finished working for the day. Note: Be sure to check all programs for unsaved information (such as data files you might be editing) before you start the shutdown procedure. Note: Never turn off the power on your computer until you have completed a shutdown.

Using Objects on the LaunchPad

The objects on the right side of the LaunchPad are shadows of objects that already exist elsewhere in OS/2. A shadow object is linked to the original object but it can reside in a different location on the Desktop. The purpose of a shadow object is to allow you to use an object from the Desktop whether or not it is located on drive C. When you make a change to the shadow, the change also occurs in the original. By creating a shadow of the original object instead of creating a copy, you can save space on your hard disk and still use the functions of the object. The following are the objects on the LaunchPad:

Drive A Object

The Drive A object gives you access to the information provided on a diskette you insert into the diskette drive slot on your computer. When you select the drawer button for the Drive A object, you will see that it contains the Drive C object (if Drive C is the drive where you installed OS/2). This object gives you access to the contents of Drive C in your computer. For more information about accessing drives, see "Using Drives" in Part 3 of this book.

OS/2 Window Object

The OS/2 Window object gives you access to an OS/2 command prompt in a window on the Desktop. You can use the OS/2 command prompt in much the same way as a DOS command prompt - by typing a command at the command prompt. When you select the drawer button for the OS/2 Window object, you will see that it contains the DOS Window object. The DOS Window object provides you access to a DOS command prompt in a window on the Desktop. Here you can use the DOS commands with which you are already familiar. For more information about using a command prompt, refer to the online Command Reference, or the "Using Command Prompts" in Part 3 of this book.

Using OS/2 Object

The Using OS/2 object gives you instant access to the OS/2 tutorial. Use the tutorial to learn something new, to refresh your memory about how to do something, or to experience hands-on practice using OS/2.

Shredder Object

The Shredder provides a quick way for you to delete files, objects, or folders that you no longer have a use for. For more information about the Shredder, see the online Master Help Index.

Printer Object

The printer object is added to the LaunchPad only if a printer was set up when you installed OS/2. You might not have a printer object on your LaunchPad. If you want to know how to set up a printer, use the information provided in the online Printing in OS/2 book located in the Information folder.

Adding Objects to the LaunchPad

You can easily add any object you want to the LaunchPad by simply dragging the object to the right side of the LaunchPad. The LaunchPad will expand to include the object on the panel. Try It! When adding an object to the LaunchPad, use the following example as a guide. In this example, the System Clock is added to the LaunchPad:

  1. Open the OS/2 System folder.
  2. Open the System Setup folder.
  3. Move the mouse pointer over the System Clock object.
  4. Press and hold mouse button 2 and move the object in between two objects on the LaunchPad until you see a single, solid black bar. This black bar indicates where the object will be added to the LaunchPad.

For more information about the LaunchPad, refer to the Master Help Index, the Using OS/2 tutorial, and the help information provided with the LaunchPad.

Appendix A

Print an object.        3 Select it; then press    3 Point to the object;
                        3 Shift+F10.  Select PRINT 3 then press and hold
                        3 from the pop-up menu.    3 down mouse button 2.
                        3                          3 Drag the object to the
                        3                          3 Printer object.
                        3                          3 Release mouse button 2.
|-
Move an object.         3 Select it; then press    3 Point to the object;
                        3 Shift+F10.  Select MOVE  3 then press and hold
                        3 from the pop-up menu.    3 down mouse button 2.
                        3                          3 Drag the object to
                        3                          3 another folder object.
                        3                          3 Release mouse button 2.
|-
Copy an object.         3 Select it; then press    3 Press and hold down the
                        3 Shift+F10.  Select COPY  3 Ctrl key; then point to
                        3 from the pop-up menu.    3 the object.  Press and
                        3                          3 hold down mouse button
                        3                          3 2.  Drag the object to
                        3                          3 where you want a copy
                        3                          3 to appear.  Release  
                        3                          3 mouse button 2; then 
                        3                          3 release the Ctrl key.
|-
Change the name of an   3 Select the object; then  3 Press and hold down the 3
object.                 3 press Shift+F10.  Press  3 Alt key; select the     3
                        3  ; then press Enter.     3 name (title).  Release  3
                        3 Select the GENERAL tab.  3 the Alt key.  Edit the  3
                        3 Select the TITLE field;  3 name.  Select an area   3
                        3 then edit the name.      3 away from the name.     3
|-
Display the pop-up menu 3 Press Alt+Shift+Tab;     3 Point to an empty area
for the desktop folder. 3 then press Ctrl+\.  Then 3 of the desktop folder;
                        3 press Shift+F10.         3 then click mouse button 2.
|-
Display the pop-up menu 3 Select it; then press    3 Point to the object;
for an object.          3 Shift+F10.               3 then click mouse button 2.
|-
Select the first choice 3 Home                     3 Select the choice.
in a pop-up menu.
|-
Select the last choice  3 End                      3 Select the choice.
in a pop-up menu.


TASK                    3 KEYS                     3 MOUSE
|-
Select a choice using   3 Type the underlined      3
the underlined letter.  3 letter.                  3
|-
Get Help.               3 Select and object; then  3 Point to the object;    3
                        3 press F1.                3 then click mouse button 3
                        3                          3 2.  Select HELP.        3
|-
Move between the object 3 Press Alt+F6.            3 Select the window or    3
and the Help window.    3                          3 object.                 3

Window Tasks

TASK                    3 KEYS                     3 MOUSE
|-
Get Help.               3 F1.                      3 Select the word HELP;   3
                        3                          3 then select the type of 3
                        3                          3 help you want.          3
|-
Display the pop-up menu 3 Alt+Spacebar             3 Point to the title-bar  3
for a window.           3                          3 icon; then click mouse  3
                        3                          3 button 2.               3
|-
Move a window.          3 Alt+F7; then use the     3 Point to the title bar; 3
                        3 arrow keys.              3 then press and hold     3
                        3                          3 down mouse button 2.    3
                        3                          3 Drag the window to the  3
                        3                          3 new location.  Release  3
                        3                          3 mouse button 2.         3
|-
Size a window.          3 Alt+F8; then use the     3 Point to the border;    3
                        3 arrow keys.              3 then press and hold     3
                        3                          3 down mouse button 2.    3
                        3                          3 Drag the border of the  3
                        3                          3 window in any direc-    3
                        3                          3 tion.  Release mouse    3
                        3                          3 button 2.               3
|-
Set a default size for  3 Press Alt; then press S. 3 Press and hold the      3
a window.               3 Use the up, down, left,  3 Shift key; then point   3
                        3 or right cursor keys to  3 to a corner of the      3
                        3 adjust two of the        3 window border.  Press   3
                        3 borders; then press      3 and hold mouse button   3
                        3 Enter.                   3 1; then drag the border 3
                        3                          3 to the desired size.    3
                        3 NOTE:  If you press the  3 Release mouse button 1; 3
                        3        mnemonic key for  3 then release the Shift  3
                        3        Hide, Minimize,   3 key.                    3
                        3        or Maximize,      3                         3
                        3        instead of the S  3                         3
                        3        for Size, the     3                         3
                        3        selected choice   3                         3
                        3        will become the   3                         3
                        3        default size of   3                         3
                        3        the window.       3                         3
|-
Minimize a window.      3 Alt+F9                   3 Select the Minimize     3
                        3                          3 button.                 3
|-
Hide a window.          3 Alt+F11                  3 Select the Hide button. 3
|-
Maximize a window.      3 Alt+F10                  3 Select the Maximize     3
                        3                          3 button.                 3
|-
Close a window.         3 Alt+F4                   3 Double-click on the     3
                        3                          3 title bar icon.         3
|-
Move up through the     3 Page Up or PgUp.         3 Select the area above   3
contents of a window,   3                          3 the slider box on the   3
one page at a time.     3                          3 scroll bar.             3
|-
Move down through the   3 Page Down or PgDn.       3 Select the area below   3
contents of a window,   3                          3 the slider box on the   3
one page at a time.     3                          3 scroll bar.             3
|-
Move to and from the    3 F10                      3 Select the menu bar or  3
menu bar.               3                          3 the window.             3

Notebook Tasks

TASK                    3 KEYS                     3 MOUSE
|-
Get Help                3 F1                       3 Select the HELP push    3
                        3                          3 button.                 3
|-
Move to the next page.  3 Alt+Page Down            3 Select a notebook tab.  3
|-
Move to the previous    3 Alt+Page Up              3 Select a notebook tab.  3
page.                   3                          3
|-
Move the cursor from    3 Alt+Up Arrow             3 Select a notebook tab.  3
the notebook page to a  3                          3
tab.                    3                          3
|-
Move the cursor from a  3 Alt+Down Arrow           3 Select the notebook
tab to the notebook     3                          3 page.
page.                   3
|-
Move to the next field. 3 Tab                      3 Select the field.       3
|-
Move to the next item   3 Up, Down, Left, or Right 3
within a field.         3 Arrow                    3
|-
Select an item in a     3 Enter                    3 Select the item.        3
single selection field. 3                          3                         3
|-
Select an item in a     3 Spacebar                 3 Select the button or    3
multiple selection      3                          3 box next to the item.   3
field.                  3                          3                         3

Master Help Index Tasks

TASK KEYS MOUSE
Open the Master Help Index. Enter Double-click on the Master Help Index.
Move through the topics, one line at a time. Select the topic.
Select the area above the slider box on the scroll bar.
Move down through the topics, one page at a time. Page Down or PgDn. Select the area below the slider box on the scroll bar.
Move up through the topics, one page at a time. Page Up or PgUp.
Move to the topics beginning with a letter. Type the letter of the alphabet Select the letter of the alphabet.
Switch between an entry and the Master Help Index. Alt+F6 Select the window.
Display related information. Use Tab to move the cursor to the entry listed under related information; then press Enter. Double-click on an entry listed under related information.
Return to the previous help window. Esc Select the PREVIOUS push button.